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Pulmonary valve

Semilunar valve of the heart

Field	Value
Name	Pulmonary valve
Latin	valva trunci pulmonalis
Image	Diagram of the human heart (cropped).svg
Caption	Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. White arrows indicate normal blood flow.
Image2	Gray494.png
Caption2	Heart seen from above.
Width	300

The pulmonary valve (sometimes referred to as the pulmonic valve) is a valve of the heart that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery, and has three cusps. It is one of the four valves of the heart and one of the two semilunar valves, the other being the aortic valve. Similar to the aortic valve, the pulmonary valve opens in ventricular systole when the pressure in the right ventricle rises above the pressure in the pulmonary artery. At the end of ventricular systole, when the pressure in the right ventricle falls rapidly, the pressure in the pulmonary artery closes the pulmonary valve.

The closure of the pulmonary valve contributes to the P2 component of the second heart sound (S2).

Structure

The pulmonary orifice lies nearly in the horizontal plane, and is situated at a superior level than the aortic orifice.****

Cusps

File:Lunules of semilunar leaflets of pulmonary valve.png File:Anterior semilunar leaflet of pulmonary valve.png File:Right semilunar leaflet of pulmonary valve.png File:Left semilunar leaflet of pulmonary valve.png File:Commissures of semilunar leaflets of pulmonary valve.png File:Nodules of semilunar leaflets of pulmonary valve.png At the apex of the infundibulum, the pulmonary orifice is guarded by three semilunar cusps - two anterior and one posterior, with free edges projecting upward into the lumen of pulmonary trunk. The cusps are named according to their positions during foetal development: the anterior, the posterior, and the septal cusp.**** The free edge of each cusp presents a fibrous nodule of semilunar cusp at the centre with two lateral thin portions, the lunule of semilunar cusp. Each cusp forms pocket like dilatation called pulmonary sinus at the initial portion of pulmonary trunk.

Clinical significance

The right heart is a low-pressure system, so the P2 component of the second heart sound is usually softer than the A2 component of the second heart sound. However, it is physiologically normal in some young people to hear both components separated during inhalation.

Additional images

File:Gray493.png|Interior of right side of heart. File:Gray1216.svg|Front of thorax, showing surface relations of bones, lungs (purple), pleura (blue), and heart (red outline). Heart valves are labeled with "B", "T", "A", and "P". File:Pulmonary artery.jpg|Pulmonary valves File:Slide4xxxx.JPG|Pulmonary valves

References

(September 2004). "Comparison of biomechanical and structural properties between human aortic and pulmonary valve*1". European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery.
(1975). "Echocardiogram and Phonocardiogram Related to the Movement of the Pulmonary Valve". Japanese Heart Journal.
Sinnatamby, Chummy S.. (2011). "Last's Anatomy". Elsevier Australia.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

cardiac-anatomy heart-valves

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