Puente Colgante (Manila)

History

Puente Colgante, the second bridge built over the Pasig River, was the first wire-cable suspension bridge built in Asia when it was completed in 1852. It was built and owned by Ynchausti y Compañia, the business headed by Jose Joaquín de Ynchausti. He commissioned the bridge design from Spanish-Basque engineer Matias Menchacatorre. The bridge was first named Puente de Clavería, likely in honor of the Governor-General of the Philippines, Narciso Clavería, who served from 1844 to 1849.

The suspension bridge measured 110 m long and 7 m wide and had two lanes that allowed passage of horses and carabao-drawn carriages. It was also opened for pedestrians travelling on foot between Quiapo and Intramuros and nearby areas.

In 1854, Ynchausti brought together the Ynchausti family holdings under the above name. A Basque Spaniard born in Cádiz, de Ynchausti migrated to the Philippines in the second quarter of the nineteenth century and built a business empire. In 1889, Ynchausti y Compañia was the largest company in the Philippines.

Ynchausti y Cia was originally granted a franchise to operate the bridge as a toll bridge for 90 years. On June 9, 1911, the bridge was bought by the city of Manila for . Tolls were subsequently abolished on June 15, 1911. Carromata traffic was prohibited when an inspection of the bridge deemed such traffic unsafe. Automobile traffic was never permitted.

The 20th-century Filipino writer Nick Joaquin described the bridge as it was in the 1870s: "Across the city’s river now arched … the amazing Puente Colgante, suspended in the air, like a salute to the age of science and engineering. The Industrial Age found its expression in the Philippines in the form of a bridge unparalleled throughout Asia."

Historians dispute local traditions that say the bridge was designed by Gustave Eiffel, who designed the Eiffel Tower in Paris. (This is also asserted about the Puente de Ayala.) They note the original bridge has been documented as designed by a Basque. (In addition, the 1930s work was performed a decade after Eiffel died in 1923.)

Puente Colgante was later replaced by the Quezon Bridge in 1939.

References

References

1. Noche, Manolo. (April 5, 2006). "Bridge Over Not So Troubled Waters: Spanning Communities and Building Relationships".
2. De Borja, Marciano R.. (2005). "Basques in the Philippines". University of Nevada Press.
3. Robb, Walter. (March 1932). "Glimpses of Manila During the 'Eighties". The American Chamber of Commerce.
4. (2009-07-16). "One of the Symbols of 19th Century Manila Was Its Hanging Bridge, Built and Owned by Basques".