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Psalm 140

140th psalm of the biblical Book of Psalms

Field	Value
name	Psalm 140
subtitle	"Deliver me, O LORD, from the evil man"
image	Epitaph Lukas Kern 05.jpg
image_upright	1.2
caption	Epitaph at in Passau with a quote from Psalm 140:6 (139:7)
language	Hebrew (original)
other_name	{{plainlist

Psalm 139 (Vulgate)
"Eripe me Domine ab homine malo" Psalm 140 is the 140th psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "Deliver me, O LORD, from the evil man". In the slightly different numbering system used in the Greek Septuagint version of the Bible, and the Latin Vulgate, this psalm is Psalm 139. In Latin, it is known as Eripe me Domine ab homine malo. It is part of the final Davidic collection of psalms, comprising Psalms 138 to 145, which are specifically attributed to David in their opening verses. It describes putting one's trust in God while threatened with evil. The New King James Version entitles it a "Prayer for Deliverance from Evil Men".

The psalm is used as a regular part of Jewish, Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and other Protestant liturgies; it has been set to music.

Structure

The Hebrew word Selah, possibly an instruction on the reading of the text, breaks the psalm after verses 3, 5 and 8. C. S. Rodd argues that the psalm's structure is unclear, but suggests:

Verses 1-5: a prayer for help
Verses 6-7: an expression of confidence in God
Verses 8-11: an appeal against the psalmist's enemies
Verses 12-13: another expression of confidence in God, which may reflect a priestly or prophetic assurance that the psalmist's prayer has been heard.

Uses

New Testament

In the New Testament, verse 3b, The poison of asps is under their lips, is quoted in Romans .

Musical settings

Heinrich Schütz composed a metred paraphrase of Psalm 140 in German, "Von bösen Menschen rette mich", SWV 245, for the Becker Psalter, published first in 1628.

Éric Gaudibert composed a setting in Latin, Eripe me, Domine, for mixed double chorus a cappella in 1978. Herman Berlinski wrote A Psalm of Unity, for soprano, mezzo-soprano and two altos, with from Psalm 140 and Psalm 133 in 1980.

Text

The following table shows the Hebrew text of the Psalm with vowels, alongside the Koine Greek text in the Septuagint and the English translation from the King James Version. Note that the meaning can slightly differ between these versions, as the Septuagint and the Masoretic Text come from different textual traditions.A 1917 translation directly from Hebrew to English by the Jewish Publication Society can be found here or here, and an 1844 translation directly from the Septuagint by L. C. L. Brenton can be found here. Both translations are in the public domain. In the Septuagint, this psalm is numbered Psalm 139.

#	English	Greek
	(To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.)	Εἰς τὸ τέλος· ψαλμὸς τῷ Δαυΐδ. -
1	Deliver me, O LORD, from the evil man: preserve me from the violent man;	ΕΞΕΛΟΥ με, Κύριε, ἐξ ἀνθρώπου πονηροῦ, ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς ἀδίκου ῥῦσαί με,
2	Which imagine mischiefs in their heart; continually are they gathered together for war.	οἵτινες ἐλογίσαντο ἀδικίαν ἐν καρδίᾳ, ὅλην τὴν ἡμέραν παρετάσσοντο πολέμους·
3	They have sharpened their tongues like a serpent; adders' poison is under their lips. Selah.	ἠκόνησαν γλῶσσαν αὐτῶν ὡσεὶ ὄφεως, ἰὸς ἀσπίδων ὑπὸ τὰ χείλη αὐτῶν. (διάψαλμα).
4	Keep me, O LORD, from the hands of the wicked; preserve me from the violent man; who have purposed to overthrow my goings.	φύλαξόν με, Κύριε, ἐκ χειρὸς ἁμαρτωλοῦ, ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπων ἀδίκων ἐξελοῦ με, οἵτινες διελογίσαντο τοῦ ὑποσκελίσαι τὰ διαβήματά μου·
5	The proud have hid a snare for me, and cords; they have spread a net by the wayside; they have set gins for me. Selah.	ἔκρυψαν ὑπερήφανοι παγίδα μοι καὶ σχοινία διέτειναν, παγίδα τοῖς ποσί μου, ἐχόμενα τρίβους σκάνδαλα ἔθεντό μοι. (διάψαλμα).
6	I said unto the LORD, Thou art my God: hear the voice of my supplications, O LORD.	εἶπα τῷ Κυρίῳ· Θεός μου εἶ σύ, ἐνώτισαι, Κύριε, τὴν φωνὴν τῆς δεήσεώς μου.
7	O GOD the Lord, the strength of my salvation, thou hast covered my head in the day of battle.	Κύριε, Κύριε, δύναμις τῆς σωτηρίας μου, ἐπεσκίασας ἐπὶ τὴν κεφαλήν μου ἐν ἡμέρᾳ πολέμου.
8	Grant not, O LORD, the desires of the wicked: further not his wicked device; lest they exalt themselves. Selah.	μὴ παραδῷς με, Κύριε, ἀπὸ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας μου ἁμαρτωλῷ· διελογίσαντο κατ᾿ ἐμοῦ, μὴ ἐγκαταλίπῃς με, μήποτε ὑψωθῶσιν. (διάψαλμα).
9	As for the head of those that compass me about, let the mischief of their own lips cover them.	ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῦ κυκλώματος αὐτῶν, κόπος τῶν χειλέων αὐτῶν καλύψει αὐτούς.
10	Let burning coals fall upon them: let them be cast into the fire; into deep pits, that they rise not up again.	πεσοῦνται ἐπ᾿ αὐτοὺς ἄνθρακες, ἐν πυρὶ καταβαλεῖς αὐτούς, ἐν ταλαιπωρίαις οὐ μὴ ὑποστῶσιν.
11	Let not an evil speaker be established in the earth: evil shall hunt the violent man to overthrow him.	ἀνὴρ γλωσσώδης οὐ κατευθυνθήσεται ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ἄνδρα ἄδικον κακὰ θηρεύσει εἰς διαφθοράν.
12	I know that the LORD will maintain the cause of the afflicted, and the right of the poor.	ἔγνων ὅτι ποιήσει Κύριος τὴν κρίσιν τῶν πτωχῶν καὶ τὴν δίκην τῶν πενήτων.
13	Surely the righteous shall give thanks unto thy name: the upright shall dwell in thy presence.	πλὴν δίκαιοι ἐξομολογήσονται τῷ ὀνόματί σου, κατοικήσουσιν εὐθεῖς σὺν τῷ προσώπῳ σου.

Notes

References

(2 May 2019). "Parallel Latin/English Psalter / Psalmus 139 (140)". medievalist.net.
Lama, A. K.. (2013). "Reading Psalm 145 with the Sages: A Compositional Analysis". Langham Monographs.
The Artscroll Tehillim, page 302
{{bibleverse. Psalm. 140. NKJV: NKJV
Rodd, C. S., ''18. Psalms'' in Barton, J. and Muddiman, J. (2001), [https://b-ok.org/dl/946961/8f5f43 The Oxford Bible Commentary] {{Webarchive. link. (22 November 2017 , p. 403)
Kirkpatrick, A. F.. (1901). "The Book of Psalms: with Introduction and Notes". At the University Press.
"Psalms – Chapter 140". Mechon Mamre.
"Psalms 140 - JPS 1917". [[Sefaria.
"Psalm 139 - Septuagint and Brenton's Septuagint Translation". Ellopos.

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