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Psalm 105

105th psalm of the Book of Psalms

Field	Value
name	Psalm 105
subtitle	"O give thanks unto the LORD"
image	Diedesfeld Rathaus Josef.jpg
caption	Verse 3 quoted with a statue of Joseph in Diedesfeld
other_name
language	Hebrew (original)

Psalm 105 is the 105th psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "O give thanks unto the LORD". In the slightly different numbering system used in the Greek Septuagint and the Latin Vulgate version of the Bible, this psalm is Psalm 104. In Latin, it is known as "Confitemini Domino". Alexander Kirkpatrick observes that Psalms 105 and 106, the two historical psalms which end Book 4 of the Hebrew psalms, are closely related. Psalm 105 gives thanks for God's faithfulness to the covenant he made with Abraham; Psalm 106 is a psalm of penitence, reciting the history of Israel’s faithlessness and disobedience.

Psalm 105 is used as a regular part of Jewish, Eastern Orthodox, Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and other Protestant liturgies. It has been set to music.

Psalm 105 and Psalm 106, both long historical Psalms, delineate contrasting narratives within the thematic spectrum of divine fidelity and human unfaithfulness. Psalm 105 serves as a chronicle of God's unwavering faithfulness, while Psalm 106, concluding Book 4 of Psalms, presents a historical account marked by the unfaithfulness of God's people. Noteworthy is O. Palmer Robertson's discernment that both Psalms draw inspiration from disparate sections of 1 Chronicles 16. A distinctive feature of Book 4 is a pronounced prevalence of references to Chronicles.

Uses

New Testament

In the New Testament, verses 8–9 are quoted in the Song of Zechariah in Luke .

Judaism

Recited on the first day of Passover.
Verses 8–10 are part of the paragraph recited in the naming of a boy at a brit milah.
Verses 8 and 42 are found separately in the repetition of the Amidah on Rosh Hashanah.

Psalm 105 is one of the ten Psalms of the Tikkun HaKlali of Rebbe Nachman of Breslov.

Eastern Orthodox Church

In the Eastern Orthodox Church, Psalm 104 (Psalm 105 in the Masoretic Text) is part of the fourteenth Kathisma division of the Psalter, read at Matins on Thursday mornings, as well as on Tuesdays and Fridays during Lent, at the Third Hour and Matins, respectively.

Musical settings

Heinrich Schütz composed a four-part setting to a metric German text, "Danket dem Herren, lobt ihn frei", SVW 203, for the 1628 Becker Psalter.

Text

The following table shows the Hebrew text of the Psalm with vowels, alongside the Koine Greek text in the Septuagint and the English translation from the King James Version. Note that the meaning can slightly differ between these versions, as the Septuagint and the Masoretic Text come from different textual traditions.A 1917 translation directly from Hebrew to English by the Jewish Publication Society can be found here or here, and an 1844 translation directly from the Septuagint by L. C. L. Brenton can be found here. Both translations are in the public domain. In the Septuagint, this psalm is numbered Psalm 104.

#	English	Greek
1	O give thanks unto the LORD; call upon his name: make known his deeds among the people.	᾿Αλληλούϊα. - ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΙΣΘΕ τῷ Κυρίῳ καὶ ἐπικαλεῖσθε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, ἀπαγγείλατε ἐν τοῖς ἔθνεσι τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ·
2	Sing unto him, sing psalms unto him: talk ye of all his wondrous works.	ᾄσατε αὐτῷ καὶ ψάλατε αὐτῷ, διηγήσασθε πάντα τὰ θαυμάσια αὐτοῦ.
3	Glory ye in his holy name: let the heart of them rejoice that seek the LORD.	ἐπαινεῖσθε ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τῷ ἁγίῳ αὐτοῦ. εὐφρανθήτω καρδία ζητούντων τὸν Κύριον·
4	Seek the LORD, and his strength: seek his face evermore.	ζητήσατε τὸν Κύριον καὶ κραταιώθητε, ζητήσατε τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ διαπαντός.
5	Remember his marvellous works that he hath done; his wonders, and the judgments of his mouth;	μνήσθητε τῶν θαυμασίων αὐτοῦ, ὧν ἐποίησε, τὰ τέρατα αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰ κρίματα τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ,
6	O ye seed of Abraham his servant, ye children of Jacob his chosen.	σπέρμα ῾Αβραὰμ δοῦλοι αὐτοῦ, υἱοὶ ᾿Ιακὼβ ἐκλεκτοὶ αὐτοῦ.
7	He is the LORD our God: his judgments are in all the earth.	αὐτὸς Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν, ἐν πάσῃ τῇ γῇ τὰ κρίματα αὐτοῦ.
8	He hath remembered his covenant for ever, the word which he commanded to a thousand generations.	ἐμνήσθη εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα διαθήκης αὐτοῦ, λόγου, οὗ ἐνετείλατο εἰς χιλίας γενεάς,
9	Which covenant he made with Abraham, and his oath unto Isaac;	ὃν διέθετο τῷ ῾Αβραάμ, καὶ τοῦ ὅρκου αὐτοῦ τῷ ᾿Ισαὰκ
10	And confirmed the same unto Jacob for a law, and to Israel for an everlasting covenant:	καὶ ἔστησεν αὐτὸν τῷ ᾿Ιακὼβ εἰς πρόσταγμα καὶ τῷ ᾿Ισραὴλ εἰς διαθήκην αἰώνιον
11	Saying, Unto thee will I give the land of Canaan, the lot of your inheritance:	λέγων· σοὶ δώσω τὴν γῆν Χαναὰν σχοίνισμα κληρονομίας ὑμῶν.
12	When they were but a few men in number; yea, very few, and strangers in it.	ἐν τῷ εἶναι αὐτοὺς ἀριθμῷ βραχεῖς, ὀλιγοστοὺς καὶ παροίκους ἐν αὐτῇ
13	When they went from one nation to another, from one kingdom to another people;	καὶ διῆλθον ἐξ ἔθνους εἰς ἔθνος, καὶ ἐκ βασιλείας εἰς λαὸν ἕτερον.
14	He suffered no man to do them wrong: yea, he reproved kings for their sakes;	οὐκ ἀφῆκεν ἄνθρωπον ἀδικῆσαι αὐτοὺς καὶ ἤλεγξεν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν βασιλεῖς·
15	Saying, Touch not mine anointed, and do my prophets no harm.	μὴ ἅπτεσθε τῶν χριστῶν μου καὶ ἐν τοῖς προφήταις μου μὴ πονηρεύεσθε.
16	Moreover he called for a famine upon the land: he brake the whole staff of bread.	καὶ ἐκάλεσε λιμὸν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν, πᾶν στήριγμα ἄρτου συνέτριψεν·
17	He sent a man before them, even Joseph, who was sold for a servant:	ἀπέστειλεν ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῶν ἄνθρωπον, εἰς δοῦλον ἐπράθη ᾿Ιωσήφ.
18	Whose feet they hurt with fetters: he was laid in iron:	ἐταπείνωσαν ἐν πέδαις τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ, σίδηρον διῆλθεν ἡ ψυχὴ αὐτοῦ
19	Until the time that his word came: the word of the LORD tried him.	μέχρι τοῦ ἐλθεῖν τὸν λόγον αὐτοῦ, τὸ λόγιον τοῦ Κυρίου ἐπύρωσεν αὐτόν.
20	The king sent and loosed him; even the ruler of the people, and let him go free.	ἀπέστειλε βασιλεὺς καὶ ἔλυσεν αὐτόν, ἄρχων λαοῦ, καὶ ἀφῆκεν αὐτόν.
21	He made him lord of his house, and ruler of all his substance:	κατέστησεν αὐτὸν κύριον τοῦ οἴκου αὐτοῦ καὶ ἄρχοντα πάσης τῆς κτήσεως αὐτοῦ
22	To bind his princes at his pleasure; and teach his senators wisdom.	τοῦ παιδεῦσαι τοὺς ἄρχοντας αὐτοῦ ὡς ἑαυτὸν καὶ τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους αὐτοῦ σοφίσαι.
23	Israel also came into Egypt; and Jacob sojourned in the land of Ham.	καὶ εἰσῆλθεν ᾿Ισραὴλ εἰς Αἴγυπτον, καὶ ᾿Ιακὼβ παρῴκησεν ἐν γῇ Χάμ.
24	And he increased his people greatly; and made them stronger than their enemies.	καὶ ηὔξησε τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ σφόδρα καὶ ἐκραταίωσεν αὐτὸν ὑπὲρ τοὺς ἐχθροὺς αὐτοῦ.
25	He turned their heart to hate his people, to deal subtilly with his servants.	μετέστρεψε τὴν καρδίαν αὐτοῦ τοῦ μισῆσαι τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ, τοῦ δολιοῦσθαι ἐν τοῖς δούλοις αὐτοῦ.
26	He sent Moses his servant; and Aaron whom he had chosen.	ἐξαπέστειλε Μωϋσῆν τὸν δοῦλον αὐτοῦ, ᾿Ααρών, ὃν ἐξελέξατο ἑαυτῷ.
27	They shewed his signs among them, and wonders in the land of Ham.	ἔθετο ἐν αὐτοῖς τοὺς λόγους τῶν σημείων αὐτοῦ καὶ τῶν τεράτων αὐτοῦ ἐν γῇ Χάμ.
28	He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word.	ἐξαπέστειλε σκότος καὶ ἐσκότασεν, ὅτι παρεπίκραναν τοὺς λόγους αὐτοῦ·
29	He turned their waters into blood, and slew their fish.	μετέστρεψε τὰ ὕδατα αὐτῶν εἰς αἷμα, καὶ ἀπέκτεινε τοὺς ἰχθύας αὐτῶν.
30	Their land brought forth frogs in abundance, in the chambers of their kings.	ἐξῆρψεν ἡ γῆ αὐτῶν βατράχους ἐν τοῖς ταμιείοις τῶν βασιλέων αὐτῶν.
31	He spake, and there came divers sorts of flies, and lice in all their coasts.	εἶπε, καὶ ἦλθε κυνόμυια καὶ σκνῖπες ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ὁρίοις αὐτῶν.
32	He gave them hail for rain, and flaming fire in their land.	ἔθετο τὰς βροχὰς αὐτῶν χάλαζαν, πῦρ καταφλέγον ἐν τῇ γῇ αὐτῶν,
33	He smote their vines also and their fig trees; and brake the trees of their coasts.	καὶ ἐπάταξε τὰς ἀμπέλους αὐτῶν καὶ τὰς συκᾶς αὐτῶν καὶ συνέτριψε πᾶν ξύλον ὁρίου αὐτῶν.
34	He spake, and the locusts came, and caterpillars, and that without number,	εἶπε καὶ ἦλθεν ἀκρίς, καὶ βροῦχος, οὗ οὐκ ἦν ἀριθμός,
35	And did eat up all the herbs in their land, and devoured the fruit of their ground.	καὶ κατέφαγε πάντα τὸν χόρτον ἐν τῇ γῇ αὐτῶν, καὶ κατέφαγε τὸν καρπὸν τῆς γῆς αὐτῶν.
36	He smote also all the firstborn in their land, the chief of all their strength.	καὶ ἐπάταξε πᾶν πρωτότοκον ἐν τῇ γῇ αὐτῶν, ἀπαρχὴν παντὸς πόνου αὐτῶν.
37	He brought them forth also with silver and gold: and there was not one feeble person among their tribes.	καὶ ἐξήγαγεν αὐτοὺς ἐν ἀργυρίῳ καὶ χρυσίῳ, καὶ οὐκ ἦν ἐν ταῖς φυλαῖς αὐτῶν ὁ ἀσθενῶν.
38	Egypt was glad when they departed: for the fear of them fell upon them.	εὐφράνθη Αἴγυπτος ἐν τῇ ἐξόδῳ αὐτῶν, ὅτι ἐπέπεσεν ὁ φόβος αὐτῶν ἐπ᾿ αὐτούς.
39	He spread a cloud for a covering; and fire to give light in the night.	διεπέτασε νεφέλην εἰς σκέπην αὐτοῖς καὶ πῦρ τοῦ φωτίσαι αὐτοῖς τὴν νύκτα.
40	The people asked, and he brought quails, and satisfied them with the bread of heaven.	ᾔτησαν, καὶ ἦλθεν ὀρτυγομήτρα, καὶ ἄρτον οὐρανοῦ ἐνέπλησεν αὐτούς·
41	He opened the rock, and the waters gushed out; they ran in the dry places like a river.	διέρρηξε πέτραν, καὶ ἐρρύησαν ὕδατα, ἐπορεύθησαν ἐν ἀνύδροις ποταμοί.
42	For he remembered his holy promise, and Abraham his servant.	ὅτι ἐμνήσθη τοῦ λόγου τοῦ ἁγίου αὐτοῦ τοῦ πρὸς ῾Αβραὰμ τὸν δοῦλον αὐτοῦ
43	And he brought forth his people with joy, and his chosen with gladness:	καὶ ἐξήγαγε τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει καὶ τοὺς ἐκλεκτοὺς αὐτοῦ ἐν εὐφροσύνῃ.
44	And gave them the lands of the heathen: and they inherited the labour of the people;	καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς χώρας ἐθνῶν, καὶ πόνους λαῶν κατεκληρονόμησαν,
45	That they might observe his statutes, and keep his laws. Praise ye the LORD.	ὅπως ἂν φυλάξωσι τὰ δικαιώματα αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὸν νόμον αὐτοῦ ἐκζητήσωσιν.

Related Bible passages include: Va'eira, Bo (parsha), and Beshalach: Torah portions (parashot) telling the Exodus story; Psalm 78.

There are two slight differences between the wording of verses 1–15 and the parallel passage in 1 Chronicles 16:

Verse 6: O offspring of his servant Abraham, reads O offspring of his servant Israel in 1 Chronicles 16:13
Verse 8: He is mindful of his covenant for ever reads Remember his covenant for ever in 1 Chronicles 16:15.

Verse 1

:Oh, give thanks to the Lord! :Call upon His name; :Make known His deeds among the peoples! The word "Ἁλληλουιά", "alleluia", precedes this verse in the Septuagint, where it has been transposed from verse 35 of the previous psalm.

Notes

References

[http://medievalist.net/psalmstxt/ps104.htm Parallel Latin/English Psalter / Psalmus 104 (105)] {{webarchive. link. (7 May 2017 medievalist.net)
Kirkpatrick, A. (1906), [https://biblehub.com/commentaries/cambridge/psalms/105.htm Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges] on Psalm 105, accessed 2 May 2022
The Flow of the Psalms, O. Palmer Robertson, P&R Publishing, 2015, pp 174-177, {{ISBN. 978-1-62995-133-1
The Flow of the Psalms, O. Palmer Robertson, P&R Publishing, 2015, pp 177-192, {{ISBN. 978-1-62995-133-1
Kirkpatrick, A. F.. (1901). "The Book of Psalms: with Introduction and Notes". At the University Press.
The Artscroll Tehillim, p. 329
The Complete Artscroll Siddur, p. 213
The Complete Artscroll Machzor for Rosh Hashanah, p. 321
Weintraub, Rabbi Simkha Y.. (2018). "Psalms as the Ultimate Self-Help Tool". My Jewish Learning.
Greenbaum, Rabbi Avraham. (2007). "The Ten Psalms: English Translation". azamra.org.
The Holy Psalter, Saint Ignatius Orthodox Press, 2022
"Psalms – Chapter 105". Mechon Mamre.
"Psalms 105 - JPS 1917". [[Sefaria.
"Psalm 104 - Septuagint and Brenton's Septuagint Translation". Ellopos.
Texts from [[New Revised Standard Version]]
{{bibleverse. Psalm. 105:1. NKJV: [[New King James Version]]
[https://biblehub.com/sepd/psalms/105.htm Swete's Septuagint: Psalm 105]

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