Prisons in Estonia

History

Prisons were used more frequently under the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, and people were held for longer periods of times. This use did not immediately fall after Estonia's independence, as it took time to reform policing and the criminal code, and crime rates grew in the meantime. Prisons were managed by the Ministry of Internal Affairs until August 1993, when they were transferred to the Ministry of Justice. A program began in 1996 to replace old Soviet prison buildings with new ones. Probation and parole were established in 1997 with the Probation Act. Tartu prison opened in 2002.

Population

In March 2011, there were 3,405 persons incarcerated in Estonia, and the number of prisoners per 100,000 residents were 254, which is the third highest rate in the EU. These figures include pre-trial detainees and remand prisoners. It is, however, a much lower rate than in the late 1990s and early 2000s, when the Estonian prison population reached almost 5,000 persons.

References

References

1. [https://www.vangla.ee/en/intitutions Intitutions]
2. Miljan, Toivo. (2015). "Historical Dictionary of Estonia". Rowman & Littlefield.
3. link. (2012-03-22 Retrieved 2011-07-29)
4. [http://www.prisonstudies.org/info/worldbrief/wpb_stats.php?area=europe&category=wb_poprate International Centre for Prison Studies: ''Europe - Prison Population Rates per 100,000''] Retrieved 2011-07-29
5. [http://www.just.ee/orb.aw/class=file/action=preview/id=32797/Vangide+arv+Eestis+1991-2005+ja+selle+v%E4hendamise+karistus%F5iguslikud+ja+kriminoloogilised+alused.pdf] (from the estonian prisons official webpage).
6. [https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/images/7/78/Prison_population%2C_2002%E2%80%9312_YB14.png Prison_population 2002-2012] ec.europa.eu