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President of Serbia and Montenegro
Head of state of Serbia and Montenegro (1992–2006)
Head of state of Serbia and Montenegro (1992–2006)
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| post | President |
| body | Serbia and Montenegro |
| native_name | Предс(ј)едник Србије и Црне Горе |
| Preds(j)ednik Srbije i Crne Gore | |
| flag | Flag of the President of Yugoslavia (1993–2003).svg |
| flagsize | 100px |
| flagborder | yes |
| flagcaption | Standard of the President |
| image | Blank.png |
| imagecaption | **Longest serving |
| Zoran Lilić** | |
| 25 June 1993 – 25 June 1997 | |
| residence | Palace of the Federation, Belgrade |
| precursor | President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia |
| formation | |
| first | Dobrica Ćosić |
| last | Svetozar Marović |
| abolished | |
| superseded_by | President of Serbia |
| President of Montenegro |
Preds(j)ednik Srbije i Crne Gore Zoran Lilić** 25 June 1993 – 25 June 1997 President of Montenegro
The president of Serbia and Montenegro () was the head of state of Serbia and Montenegro. From its establishment in 1992 until 2003, when the country was reconstituted as a confederacy (state union) via constitutional reform, the head of state was known as the president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (). With the constitutional reforms of 2003 and the merging of the offices of head of government and head of state, the full title of the president was President of Serbia and Montenegro and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro (). In 2006 the office was abolished as the state union was dissolved, with Serbia and Montenegro becoming independent countries.
Authority
As head of state, the president had the power to
- represent the country at home and abroad
- appoint and recall heads of diplomatic and consular missions
- receive letters of credence and recall from foreign diplomatic representatives
- confer medals and other decorations
- promulgate laws passed by the Parliament
- call for parliamentary elections
In 2003, the powers of the president were extended to include the right to chair the Council of Ministers and propose the composition of the Council of Ministers to the parliament, effectively merging the powers of the head of government into the office. However, although the president became de jure both head of state and head of government, his role was largely limited because all the institutions were indirectly elected by confederal parliament, which was itself elected by parliaments of member states.
Elections
Under the 1992 constitution, the president was elected by the Federal Assembly of Yugoslavia for a four-year term. After the constitutional amendments of 2000, direct elections for the office of President were introduced. Under the 2003 constitution, the president was elected at the proposal of the president and vice president of the Parliament of Serbia and Montenegro for a four-year term. The president of Serbia and Montenegro was a member of the Supreme Defence Council together with the president of Serbia and the president of Montenegro.
The results of the direct presidential elections of 2000 were as follows:
Presidents
There were six presidents of FR Yugoslavia (two acting) after its assertion of independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) in 1992 up until its dissolution in 2003. Svetozar Marović of the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro was the only President of the FR Yugoslavia after its constitutional reforms and reconstitution as a confederacy. He was inaugurated on March 7, 2003. After the declaration of independence of Montenegro, on June 3, 2006, the president announced on June 4, 2006 the termination of his office.
| No. | Portrait | Name | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Birth–Death) | Representing | Term of office | Party | Notes | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Independent politician}}; color:black;" | 1 | Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro}}; color:white;" | N/A | Socialist Party of Serbia}}; color:white;" | 2 | Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro}}; color:white;" | N/A | Socialist Party of Serbia}}; color:white;" | 3 | Democratic Party of Serbia}}; color:white;" | 4 | Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro}}; color:white;" | 5 |
| Presidents of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1992–2003 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| [[File:S.Kragujevic, Dobrica Cosic 1961.JPG | 100px]] | Dobrica Ćosić | |||||||||||||||||||
| Добрица Ћосић | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (1921–2014) | Serbia | 15 June 1992 | 1 June 1993 | Independent | |||||||||||||||||
| [[File:No image.png | 100px]] | Miloš Radulović | |||||||||||||||||||
| Милош Радуловић | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (1929–2017) | Montenegro | 1 June 1993 | 25 June 1993 | Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro | Acting president. | ||||||||||||||||
| [[File:No image.png | 100px]] | Zoran Lilić | |||||||||||||||||||
| Зоран Лилић | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (born 1953) | Serbia | 25 June 1993 | 25 June 1997 | years | Socialist Party of Serbia | ||||||||||||||||
| [[File:No image.png | 100px]] | Srđa Božović | |||||||||||||||||||
| Срђа Божовић | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (born 1955) | Montenegro | 25 June 1997 | 23 July 1997 | Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro | Acting president. | ||||||||||||||||
| [[File:Stevan Kragujević, Slobodan Milošević, portret.jpg | 100px]] | Slobodan Milošević | |||||||||||||||||||
| Слободан Милошевић | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (1941–2006) | Serbia | 23 July 1997 | 7 October 2000 | Socialist Party of Serbia | Forced to step down in the Bulldozer Revolution. | ||||||||||||||||
| [[File:Vojislav Koštunica 2005.jpg | 100px]] | Vojislav Koštunica | |||||||||||||||||||
| Војислав Коштуница | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (born 1944) | Serbia | 7 October 2000 | 7 March 2003 | Democratic Party of Serbia | The only president elected in direct election. | ||||||||||||||||
| President of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 2003–2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| [[File:Svetozar Marović crop.jpg | 100px]] | Svetozar Marović | |||||||||||||||||||
| Светозар Маровић | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (born 1955) | Montenegro | 7 March 2003 | 3 June 2006 | Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro | Also head of government as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro (offices merged). |
Timeline
ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:12 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:100 left:20 AlignBars = late
Colors = id:Independent value:rgb(0.8,0.8,0.8) legend: Independent id:DPS value:orange legend: Democratic_Party_of_Socialists id:Socialist value:rgb(0.81,0.06,0.12) legend: Socialist_Party_of_Serbia id:DSS value:darkblue legend: Democratic_Party_of_Serbia
id:gray1 value:gray(0.85) id:gray2 value:gray(0.95)
DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1992 till:01/07/2006 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:2 start:1992 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:1 start:1992
Legend = columns:1 left:150 top:40 columnwidth:170
TextData = pos:(20,45) textcolor:black fontsize:M text:"Political affiliation:"
BarData = barset:PM
bar:Cosic bar:Radulovic bar:Lilic bar:Bozovic bar:Milosevic bar:Kostunica bar:Marovic
PlotData = width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till barset:PM
bar:Cosic from: 15/06/1992 till: 01/06/1993 color:Independent text:"Ćosić" fontsize:10 bar:Radulovic from: 01/06/1993 till: 25/06/1993 color:DPS text:"Radulović (acting)" fontsize:10 bar:Lilic from: 25/06/1993 till: 25/06/1997 color:Socialist text:"Lilić" fontsize:10 bar:Bozovic from: 25/06/1997 till: 23/07/1997 color:DPS text:"Božović (acting)" fontsize:10 bar:Milosevic from: 23/07/1997 till: 07/10/2000 color:Socialist text:"Milošević" fontsize:10 bar:Kostunica from: 07/10/2000 till: 07/03/2003 color:DSS text:"Koštunica" fontsize:10 bar:Marovic from: 07/03/2003 till: 03/06/2006 color:DPS text:"Marović" fontsize:10
References
References
- (December 2017)
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