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Pound Scots

Currency in the Kingdom of Scotland until 1707

Summary

Currency in the Kingdom of Scotland until 1707

Field	Value
currency_name	Pound Scots
currency_name_in_local	Pund Scottis (Middle Scots)
Punnd na h-Alba
image_1	James VI 1601 662018.jpg
image_title_1	Gold Sword and Sceptre coin of 1601, with a denomination of £6 Scots
using_countries	Kingdom of Scotland
Earldom of Orkney
subunit_ratio_1
subunit_name_1	merk
subunit_ratio_2
subunit_name_2	shilling
symbol_subunit_2	s. or /–
subunit_ratio_3
subunit_name_3	Penny Scots
symbol_subunit_3	d.
symbol	£
symbol_subunit_1
nickname_subunit_1
plural	pounds
plural_subunit_1
mint	See Mints of Scotland
obsolete	1 May 1707

Punnd na h-Alba Earldom of Orkney The pound (Modern and Middle Scots: Pund) was the currency of Scotland prior to the 1707 Treaty of Union between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England, which created the Kingdom of Great Britain. It was introduced by David I, in the 12th century, on the Carolingian monetary system of a pound divided into 20 shillings, each of 12 pence. The Scottish currency was later devalued relative to sterling by debasement of its coinage. By the time of James III, one pound Scots was valued at five shillings sterling.

Silver coins were issued denominated in merk, worth 13s.4d. Scots (two-thirds of a pound Scots). When James VI became King James I of England in 1603, the coinage was reformed to closely match sterling coin, with £12 Scots equal to £1 sterling. No gold coinage was issued from 1638 to 1700, but new silver coinage was issued from 1664 to 1707.

With the Acts of Union 1707, the pound Scots was replaced by sterling coin at the rate of 12:1 (£1 Scots = twenty pence sterling), although the pound Scots continued to be used in Scotland as a unit of account for most of the 18th century.

Today there is no distinct Scots currency; but Scotland's three largest clearing banks (the Royal Bank of Scotland, the Bank of Scotland and the Clydesdale Bank) issue banknotes denominated in sterling. These notes may be accepted as payment throughout the United Kingdom, but are much more commonly seen in Scotland; their value is backed by non-circulating large denomination notes issued by the Bank of England (the "giants" and "titans").

List of coins of the pound Scots

Pistole – Gold, 12 pounds Scots
Dollar – Replacement for the ryal, 60 shillings Scots (James VI)
Ryal – Gold, 1565
Crown or Lion – Gold (James I)
Half-crown, Demi-Lion or Demys – Gold (James I)
Ducat or "bonnet" – 40 shillings, 1539 (James V)
Mark or merk – Gold (giving rise to the term markland)
Noble – Gold, worth half a mark, 1357 (David II, reintroduced by Robert III)
Unicorn – Gold, 18 shillings Scots, 1484–85 (James III)
Half-unicorn – Gold, 9 shillings Scots (James IV)
Testoun – silver, 1553. Was produced in France with the new process of mill and screw, being the first milled coinage of Scotland.
Bawbee – Billon, six pence from 1537
Shilling
Groat – Silver, equivalent to four pence, from 1357 (giving rise to the term groatland)
Half-groat – Silver, equivalent to two pence, from 1357
Turner – Billon, two pence (James VI), later copper.
Bodle – Copper, two pence (Charles II)
Hardhead – also called Lion, billon coin circulated in the reigns of Mary and James VI
Penny – Billon, one of the earliest coins, dating from David I. Later made of copper, giving rise to the term pennyland
Halfpennies – Initially literally half of a penny, these became minted coins in their own right in c.1280. Later made of copper.
Farthing or quarter-penny – These were originally quarters of pennies, but as with Halfpennies, became coins in their own right in c.1280. Later made of copper.
Plack – value of four pence Scots or by 1707 one-third of a penny sterling

References

Meikle, Maureen. "Review of "Prices, Food and Wages in Scotland, 1550–1780". North American Conference on British Studies.
Hoblyn, Richard. (1879). "Milled Scottish Coins : 1637—1709". Royal Numismatic Society {{Subscription required}}.
Stewart: ''The Scottish Coinage''

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

currencies-of-scotland economic-history-of-scotland coins-of-scotland 12th-century-establishments-in-scotland 1707-disestablishments-in-scotland medieval-currencies pound-(currency)

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