PLA2G4A

Function

This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IV family. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to release arachidonic acid which is subsequently metabolized into eicosanoids. Eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, are lipid-based cellular hormones that regulate hemodynamics, inflammatory responses, and other intracellular pathways. The hydrolysis reaction also produces lysophospholipids that are converted into platelet-activating factor. The enzyme is activated by increased intracellular Ca2+ levels and phosphorylation, resulting in its translocation from the cytosol and nucleus to perinuclear membrane vesicles.

Interactions

PLA2G4A has been shown to interact with histone acetyltransferase KAT5.

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been associated with multifocal stenosing ulceration of the small intestine.

References

References

1. Dennis EA. (Jun 1994). "Diversity of group types, regulation, and function of phospholipase A2". Journal of Biological Chemistry.
2. "Entrez Gene: PLA2G4A phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)".
3. (July 2001). "PLIP, a novel splice variant of Tip60, interacts with group IV cytosolic phospholipase A(2), induces apoptosis, and potentiates prostaglandin production". Molecular and Cellular Biology.
4. (December 2012). "Cryptogenic multifocal ulcerating stenosing enteritis associated with homozygous deletion mutations in cytosolic phospholipase A2-α". Gut.