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Pitch (sports field)

Surface on which a sports game takes place

Summary

Surface on which a sports game takes place

For most sports the official term is field of play, although this is not regularly used by those outside refereeing/umpiring circles. The field of play generally includes out-of-bounds areas that a player is likely to enter while playing a match, such as the area beyond the touchlines in association football and rugby or the sidelines in American and Canadian football, or the "foul territory" in baseball.

The surface of a pitch is most commonly composed of sod (grass), but may also be artificial turf, sand, clay, gravel, concrete, or other materials. A playing field on ice may be referred to as a rink, for example an ice hockey rink, although rink may also refer to the entire building or, in the sport of curling, to either the building or a particular team.

In the sport of cricket, the cricket pitch refers not to the entire field of play, but to the section of the field on which batting and bowling take place in the centre of the field. The pitch is prepared differently from the rest of the field, to provide a harder surface for bowling.

A pitch is often a regulation space, as in an association football pitch.

The term level playing field is also used metaphorically to mean fairness in non-sporting human activities such as business where there are notional winners and losers.

Fields of play in various sports

| File:Estadio emilio royo.jpg|American football field | File:Eintracht-sportplatz-ffm-riederwald002.jpg|Association football pitch, surrounded by running track | File:ANZ Stadium, Essendon (cropped).jpg|Australian rules football playing field | File:Croke park all ireland.jpg|Gaelic and Ladies' Gaelic football, hurling, and camogie pitch | File:NRL in ME Bank Stadium.jpg|Rugby league playing field | File:Butts Park Arena - stand&park 27s06.jpg|Rugby union pitch | File:Baseball diamond marines.jpg|Baseball field | File:Sydney_Cricket_Ground_(24509044622).jpg|Cricket field (with the cricket pitch in the centre) | File:Sollentunavallen Helenelund-AIK.JPG|Bandy field | File:Field Hockey Rio 2007.jpg|Field hockey pitch | File:Joe-Louis-Arena.jpg|Ice hockey rink | File:Dairy Creek Park Hillsboro Oregon court.JPG|Basketball court | File:Olympic Swimming Pool, Olympic Stadium, Montreal.jpg|Olympic swimming pool | File:Thialf stadion 2008.jpg|Speed skating rink | File:LapanganTenis Pusdiklat.jpg|Tennis court |File:Set-up of a boxing Ring.jpg|Boxing ring

Field sizes

SportRegulated byShapeField
lengthTotal
lengthWidthTotal
widthDepth/heightSurfaceDiagram
Aquatics
ArtisticWorld AquaticsCuboid30 meters20 meters3 meters
Diving20 meters25 meters5 meters
Swimming (Olympic)50 meters-25 meters-2-3 meters[[File:Swimming pool 50m 2008.svgframeless100x100px]]
Swimming (short course)25 meters-20 meters-2-2.5 meters
Waterpolo25 meters-20 meters-1.8 meters[[File:Waterpolo-pool-diagram.svgframeless100x100px]]
Basketball
3x3FIBAOblong rectangle11 meters-15 meters-
Basketball28 meters--[[File:Basketball - FIBA - field diagram -en.svgframeless100x100px]]
NBA94 ft-50 ft-[[File:Basketball - NBA - field diagram -en.svgframeless100x100px]]
Basque pelota
Jai alaiFIPVRectangular cuboid54 meters-10 meters-10 meters[[File:Plan jai alai 02.png100x100px]]
Mur à gauche30 meters[[File:Plan mur à gauche 30m 02.pngframeless100x100px]]
36 meters[[File:Plan mur à gauche 36m 02.pngframeless100x100px]]
Trinquete28.5 meters9.3 meters8.5 meters[[File:Plan trinquet 02.pngframeless100x100px]]
Bat and ball sports
BaseballMLBNon standardized250-400 ft (distance from home plate apex to nearest center field fence)-446.9-492.9 ft-grass and dirt[[File:Baseball field overview.svgframeless100x100px]]
WBSC400 ft (distance from home plate apex to center field fence)-Distance between foul poles (each one are 275 ft or more from home plate apex)-
SoftballCircular quadrant220-250 ft (radius)-220-250 ft (radius)-[[File:Terrain de Softball.pngframeless100x100px]]
Baseball5Square18 m21 m18 m21 m1 m (fence)[[File:Handmade Baseball5 field diagram.pngframeless100x100px]]
VitillaCircular sextant100 ft (radius)-100 ft-
PesapalloFinnish Pesäpallo AssociationIrregular hexagon315 ft-138 ft--[[File:Pesäpallo Field measurements (Men)-EN.svgframeless200x200px]]
RoundersGAASquare70 meters-70 meters-.
CricketICCOval130-180 yd-130-180 yd--[[File:Cricket field M&W.svgframeless100x100px]]
Indoor cricketWICFRectangular cuboid28-30 meters-10.5-12 meters-4-4.5 meters
StoolballStoolball EnglandCircle90 yd (diameter)-90 yd (diameter)-[[File:Player-positions.pngframeless100x100px]]
LaptaRussian Lapta FederationOblong rectangle40-55 meters-25-40 meters-[[File:Площадка для игры в лапту.jpgframeless100x100px]]
OinăRomanian Oină FederationOblong rectangle70 meters32 metersgrass[[File:Oina Field Animation.gifframeless140x140px]]
SchlagballOblong rectangle + trapezium70 metersplus an area between divergent diagonals of 140 meters behing rear flags25 metersplus an area between divergent diagonals of 140 meters behing rear flags[[File:Schlagball-Spielfeld.jpgframeless100x100px]]
Boules
BocciaBISFedOblong rectangle12.5 meters-6 meters--polished concrete, wooden, natural or synthetic rubber.[[File:Cancha Boccia.jpgframeless100x100px]]
Bocce voloWPBFOblong rectangle27.5 meters-2.5-4 meters-[[File:TirProgressif.pngframeless100x100px]]
Petanque15 meters-4 meters-
Raffa6.5 meters-4-4.5 meters-natural ground or synthetic material
Combat sports
Amateur boxingWorld boxingRectangular cuboid6.1 meters6.1 meters1.3 meterscanvas, rubber
Amateur wrestlingUWWCircle9 meters (diameter)-9 meters (diameter)--
International grappling
Amateur MMA
FencingFIEOblong rectangle14 meters17–18 meters1.5 meters--[[File:Piste d'escrime.svgframeless100x100px]]
KarateWKFSquare8 meters8 meters
Kickboxing (ring)WAKORectangular cuboid5.2 meters5.2 meters1.32 metersfelt, rubber
Kickboxing (tatami)Square7 meters7 metersfoam
Mixed Martial ArtsUFCOctagonal prism30 ft-30 ft-69 in
TaekwondoWTOctagon8 meters-8 meters--
Cue sports
CaromWCBSOblong rectangle2.79-2.89 meters3.065-3.115 meters1.37-1.47 meters1.6245-1.695 meters0.787-0.837 meters[[File:Carom billiards table-dimensions.svgframeless170x170px]]
PoolRounded rectangle29.25-31 in
SnookerOblong rectangle140-141 in69.5-70.5 in33.5-34.5 in
Cycling
ArtisticUCIOblong rectangle12-14 meters-9-11 meters--
Cycle ballwood, parquet, chipboard, triplex, synthetic
Equestrian
DressageFEIOblong rectangle60 meters-20 meters-sand[[File:Dressage ring schema.svgframeless100x100px]]
PoloFIPOblong rectangle250-300 yd-160-200 yd-grass
Arena polo50-100 yd-25-50 yd-snow
Football codes
SoccerFIFAOblong rectangle--grass, artificial[[File:Association Football field diagram -en.svgframeless100x100px]]
Beach soccer35–37 meters-26–28 meters-sand
Futsal--wood, artificial[[File:Futsal pitch.pngframeless100x100px]]
AmericanIFAFOblong rectangle100 yd120 yd160 ft-grass, artificial[[File:Acre over US and Associationl football field.svgframeless100x100px]]
Flag (standard)50 yd70 yd25 yd--solid, sand[[File:Terrain flag football 5v5 (règles 2019).pngframeless100x100px]]
ArenaRounded rectangle50 yd66 yd28 yd-artificial
CanadianFootball CanadaOblong rectangle110 yd150 yd65 yd-grass, artificial[[File:Canadian football field with professional and amateur hashmarks.pngframeless100x100px]]
Rugby unionWorld RugbyOblong rectangle94-100 meters106-144 meters68-70 meters-grass, sand, clay, snow, artificial[[File:RugbyPitchMetricDetailed.svgframeless140x140px]]
Rugby leagueIRL100 meters112-122 meters68 meters-grass[[File:NRL Rugby League field.svgframeless175x175px]]
Australian rules (professional)AFL CommissionOval135-185 meters-110-155 meters-grass[[File:Aussie rules ground distances.svgframeless141x141px]]
International rulesAFL Commission and GAAOblong rectangle145 meters-90 meters-[[File:International rules football field (metric).svgframeless175x175px]]
GaelicGAA130–145 meters-80–90 meters-
Gymnastics
Artistic (floor)World GymnasticsSquare11.97-12.03 meters11.97-12.03 meters[[File:Praticable-plan.jpgframeless100x100px]]
Artistic (vault)Oblong rectangle32.2 meters2.5 meters
RhythmicSquare12.97-13.03 meters12.97-13.03 meters
Handball
Indoor and wheelchairIHFOblong rectangle40 meters-20 meters-[[File:Handball Field diagram -en.svgframeless100x100px]]
Beach27 meters-12 meters-sand[[File:Beach Handball Field.svgframeless100x100px]]
Hockey
Ball hockeyISBHFRounded cuboid56-61 meters-26-30 meters-Boards (1.02-1.22 meters height) + protective glass (1.6-4 meters height) + protective end zone netasphalt
BandyFIBOblong rectangle100-110 meters-60-65 meters-ice[[File:Bandy pitch metric.svgframeless100x100px]]
Rink bandy45-60 meters-26-31 meters-Boards: 15-122 centimeters height
FieldFIHOblong rectangle100 yd-60 yd-[[File:Hockey field.svgframeless142x142px]]
Indoor36-44 meters-18-22 meters-[[File:Indoor hockey field - it.svgframeless194x194px]]
Beach30-35 meters-20-25 meters-sand
FloorballIFFRounded cuboid36-40 meters-18-20 meters-[[File:Floorball rink1.svgframeless100x100px]]
IceIIHFRounded cuboid61 meters-30 meters-Boards (1.07-2.4 meters height) + protective glass (1.8-4 meters height) + protective netice[[File:Ice hockey layout.svgframeless100x100px]]
NHL200 ft-85 ft-
InlineWorld SkateRounded cuboid131-197 ft-66-98 ft-Boards: 40-48 in heightsport tile, wood, asphalt or cement
Quad34-44 meters-17-22 meters-Boards: 1 meter heightwood, cement[[File:Spielfeld Rollhockey.pngframeless100x100px]]
UnicycleIUFRounded rectangle35-45 meters-20-25 meters-
UnderwaterCMASRectangular cuboid21-25 meters-12-15 meters-2-3.65 meters[[File:Aire de jeu hockey subaquatique.jpgframeless100x100px]]
Ice skating
Ice danceISUOblong rectangle56-60 meters-26-30 meters-ice
Speed skating (Long track)Stadium178 meters-66 meters--[[File:Speedskating rink 400 meters with dimensions.svgframeless100x100px]]
Speed skating (Short track)60 meters-30 meters--
Korfball
KorfballIKFOblong rectangle40 meters-20 meters-[[File:Korfball field diagram -en.svgframeless100x100px]]
Beach20 meters-10 meters-sand
Outdoor40-60 meters20-30 meters
Lacrosse
FieldWorld LacrosseOblong rectangle110 meters-60 meters-
Women100 meters-50-60 meters-
Box55-61 meters-24-28 meters-artificial turf, concrete
Sixes70 meters-36 meters-
IntercrosseOblong rectangle40 meters-20 meters-wood
Netball
NetballWorld NetballOblong rectangle100 ft-50 ft-wood[[File:Netball field diagram -en.svgframeless100x100px]]
FAST5
Racquet sports
BadmintonBWFOblong rectangle44 ft17.4 meters[[File:Badminton court.svgframeless191x191px]]
PadelFIPRectangular cuboid19.9-20.1 meters-9.95-10.05 meters-4 meters[[File:Pádel-Feld.jpgframeless100x100px]]
Squash (singles)World SquashCuboid9.75 meters-6.40 meters-4.57 meters[[File:Squash Court (Singles WSF).svgframeless100x100px]]
Squash (doubles)9.75 meters-8.42 meters-4.57 meters
Table tennisITTFOblong rectangle2.74 meters14 meters (playing space)1.525 meters7 meters (playing space)76 centimeters[[File:Table Tennis Table Blue.svgframeless100x100px]]
TennisITFOblong rectangle78 ft37 meters18 metersclay, grass, hard[[File:Tennis court imperial.svgframeless205x205px]]
Beach tennis16 meterssand
Roller racing
Inline speed skatingWorld SkateStadium
Roller derby108 ft75 yd[[File:Roller derby track.svgframeless100x100px]]
Tag games
Kabaddi (standard)IKFOblong rectangle13 meters-10 meters--
Kabaddi (circle-style)Circle44 meters-44 meters--
Kho khoIKKFOblong rectangle27 meters30 meters16 meters19 meters-
Kho kho (Ultimate)22 meters-26 meters16 meters-20 meters-
Tchoukball
TchoukballFITBOblong rectangle26-29 meters-15-17 meters-[[File:Campo tchoukball 7vs7.svgframeless100x100px]]
Beach21-23 meters-11-13 m-sand
Track and field
IndoorWorld AthleticsStadium90.03 meters-45.78 meters--[[File:Short track indoor athletics track and field without inner track.webpframeless100x100px]]
Outdoor176.91 meters-92.52 meters--[[File:Pista di atletica.svgframeless100x100px]]
Ultimate
UltimateWFDFOblong rectangle64 meters100 meters37 meters--[[File:Ultimate field.svgframeless100x100px]]
Beach49 yd82 yd27 yd--sand
Volleyball
VolleyballFIVBOblong rectangle18 meters24-31 m9 meters15-19 meterswooden, synthetic[[File:VolleyballCourt.svgframeless156x156px]]
Beach and Beach 4x416 meters20-28m8 meters18-20 meterssand
Snow16 meters22 meters8 meters14 meterssnow
SittingWPVOblong rectangle10 meters16 meters6 meters12 meterswooden, synthetic
Other
BowlingIBFOblong rectangle754.1875 in41-42 inwood or synthetic material[[File:20181228 Bowling lane WITH measurements.png100px]]
Canoe poloICFOblong rectangle35 meters23 meterswater[[File:Kanotpolobana.svgframeless157x157px]]
DodgeballWDAOblong rectangle17 meters-8 meters--[[File:Dodge court.pngframeless155x155px]]
FistballIFAOblong rectangle50 meters62 meters20 meters32 meters[[File:Faustball Spielfeld.svgframeless100x100px]]
Gaelic gamesGAAOblong rectangle145 meters-90 meters-grass
GoalballIBSAOblong rectangle18 meters-9 meters-wood, plastic or synthetic[[File:Goalball field diagram -en.svgframeless100x100px]]
International gameCIJBOblong rectangle70 meters-20 meters--Concrete or asphalt[[File:Terrain du jeu international.jpgframeless100x100px]]
One-wall handball10.6 meters-6.1 meters-4.9 meters[[File:Fronton courtfield.pngframeless100x100px]]
Sepak takrawISTAFOblong rectangle44 ft19.4 meters20 ft12.1 meters[[File:Sepak Takraw court diagram.svgframeless100x100px]]
ShintyCamanachd AssociationOblong rectangle140-170 yd-70-80 yd-[[File:Camanachdfield.jpgframeless100x100px]]
WeightliftingIWFSquare4 meters4 metershardwood
Wheelchair rugbyWWROblong rectangle28 meters-15 meters-[[File:Wheelchair rugby court.pngframeless162x162px]]
{{multipleimageperrow =total_width = 1050image1 = comparison_sport_playing_areas.svgcaption1 = Different sportsimage2 = CricketBaseballBasic.svgcaption2 = Baseball and Cricketimage3 = Basketball courts.svgcaption3 = Basketballimage4 = Football field size comparison.svg

Game court

Game court is one of the names for a multi-sport athletic space, typically constructed outdoors, where such games as basketball, volleyball, paddle tennis and other racquet sports, and up to a dozen more games and activities can be played. They are usually smaller than a regulation tennis (120' x 60') or basketball (84'x50') court, although there is no set dimensions or size for a game court. The game-court concept was popularized by Sport Court in the 1970s, and some generic references are made to game courts as 'sport courts', although that is a trademark of Connor Sport Court International, LLC. Game courts are often found in residential backyards, giving families and children opportunities for healthy recreation close to home.

Game courts are usually constructed using a rectangular sub-base made from concrete or asphalt, then covered with an open-grid modular polypropylene (or similar) sports surface to improve safety. Most feature athletic equipment such as basketball goals, net systems for racquet sports, volleyball and badminton, lights for nighttime play, fencing or ball containment netting, hockey/soccer goals, lines or markings for various sports, and practice or training components can also be incorporated into the design.

Surface

The surface of a game court—as opposed to simply playing on concrete or asphalt—is designed for safe play and to reduce injury. Many people have started to use suspended athletic courts to cover old athletic courts like tennis courts and basketball courts. The surface should provide appropriate traction for various types of sports and activities, as well as shock or force reduction to minimize overuse and stress injuries.

Game courts are typically custom-designed to the interests of the family or organization, and are versatile in enabling a wide variety of sports to be played in a relatively small space. Some activities played on a game court are enjoyable modifications of other sports (such as short-court tennis) that allow for similar skills to be developed as the 'regulation' game, but on a reduced-scale court size. A typical game court of 50x30 ft might include a basketball key and 3-point line arranged around a hoop, overlaid by short-court tennis or pickleball lines (which can also be used for volleyball or badminton) along the longer dimension.

Ball containment

Game courts for private use will frequently be built with a high fence surrounding the surface to allow for containment of the ball used in play, and, if required, to prevent people from entering. Any of several materials have been used, including chain-link fencing, welded wire mesh fence, and fabric mesh or netting.

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Wikipedia Source

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