PDM (cycling team)

History

Roy Schuiten was team manager and Jan Gisbers directeur sportif in 1986. Gisbers took over as the team manager the following year and remained until 1992. He was joined by Piet van der Kruijs and Ferdi van den Haute. The team was owned by Manfred Krikke, of Veltec Rentmeester.

The team was successful in classics and had a rider second overall in the Tour de France in 1987 with Pedro Delgado and 1988 with Steven Rooks. It also had third place with Erik Breukink in 1990. It won the Tour team classification in 1988 and 1989. PDM rider Gert-Jan Theunisse was second in the 1988 Tour de France, battling former PDM teammate Pedro Delgado, when he tested positive for testosterone and received a 10-minute penalty.

The team dropped out of the 1991 Tour de France with reported food poisoning. Team members and team doctor Wim Sanders said in a TV documentary in 2008 that the cause was careless storage of Intralipid, a nutritional aid with which riders had been injected. The team continued one more year, after which the sponsor sold the team to Festina.

Doping affair

In November 1997 Cyclingnews.com reported an inquiry in The Netherlands, which appeared to reveal doping in the PDM team. Wim Sanders, the doctor from 1990 to 1991, was the centre of the investigation, which was initiated when the general manager of the team, Manfred Krikke, called the Fiscal Information and Investigation Service to investigate. It was said Sanders supplied anabolic steroids and EPO to the team and was responsible for the intralipid affair of the 1991 Tour de France. According to Cyclingnews.com, 1990 was the height of the drug taking in the team and two riders stopped with heart problems; whether this refers to stopping professional cycling or performance-enhancing drugs was unclear. Gisbers denied knowledge of doping.

Major results

;1986 :[[File:Jersey red.svg|20px]] Overall Vuelta a Andalucía, Steven Rooks

:Amstel Gold Race, Steven Rooks :GP de Wallonie, Steven Rooks :Stage 2 Tour de Suisse, Gerrie Knetemann :Stage 12 Tour de France, Pedro Delgado :Profronde van Oostvoorne, Gerrie Knetemann :Stage 2a Volta a Catalunya, Wim Arras :Memorial Fred De Bruyne, Wim Arras :Munte Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder :Oss Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder :Overijse Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder :Loenhout Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder

;1987 :Netherlands National Cyclo-cross Championship, Hennie Stamsnijder :Overall Superprestige Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder :Zillebeke Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder :Ronde van Limburg, Wim Arras :[[File:Jersey green.svg|20px]] Sprint classification Setmana Catalana de Ciclismo, Hans Daams

:Galder Criterium, Adri van der Poel :Made Criterium, Wim Arras :Stage 2 Tour de Suisse, Steven Rooks :Humbeek Road Race, Marc Dierickx :Netherlands National Road Race Championship, Adri van der Poel :Switzerland National Road Race Championship, Jörg Müller :Stage 9 Tour de France, Adri van der Poel :Stage 19 Tour de France, Pedro Delgado :Boxmeer Criterium, Adri van der Poel :Profronde van Stiphout, Pedro Delgado :Noordwijk aan Zee Derny, Adri van der Poel :GP du canton d'Argovie, Adri van der Poel :Heusden Individueel, Henri Manders :Profronde van Maastricht, Wim Arras :Dongen Criterium, Peter Stevenhaagen :Anderlues Criterium, Gerrie Knetemann :Wetteren Derny, Peter Hoondert :GP de Fourmies, Adri van der Poel :Stage 6 Volta a Catalunya, Jörg Müller :Paris–Brussels, Wim Arras :Paris–Tours, Adri van der Poel :Giro del Piemonte, Adri van der Poel :Oss Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder :Valkenswaard Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder :Loenhout Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder

;1988 :Netherlands National Cyclo-cross Championship, Hennie Stamsnijder :Overijse Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder :Stage 5 Vuelta a Andalucía, Adri van der Poel :[[File:Jersey yellow.svg|20px]] Overall Étoile de Bessèges, Adri van der Poel :Liège–Bastogne–Liège, Adri van der Poel :Apeldoorn Criterium, Steven Rooks :[[File:Jersey polkadot.svg|20px]] Mountains classification Tour de France, Steven Rooks

:Boxmeer Criterium, Gert-Jan Theunisse :Draai van de Kaai, Steven Rooks :Mijl van Mares, Adri van der Poel :Stage 1 Deurne, Steven Rooks :Clásica de San Sebastián, Gert-Jan Theunisse :Regenboogkoers, Gert-Jan Theunisse :Kampioenschap van Zürich, Steven Rooks :Trio Normand, Vincent Barteau :Saint-Pierre Criterium, Adri van der Poel :Oss Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder

;1989 :Overall Superprestige Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder :Zillebeke Cyclo-cross, Hennie Stamsnijder :Stage 1 Vuelta a Murcia, Johannes Draaijer :[[File:Jersey yellow.svg|20px]] Overall Tour du Vaucluse, Steven Rooks :Liège–Bastogne–Liège, Sean Kelly :Tom Simpson Memorial Grand Prix, Martin Earley :Stage 4 Tour de Trump, Gert-Jan Theunisse :[[File:Jersey red.svg|20px]] Overall Vuelta a Asturias, Gert-Jan Theunisse ::[[File:Jersey green.svg|20px]]Points classification, Gert-Jan Theunisse

:Hansweert Criterium, Peter Hoondert :[[File:Jersey green.svg|20px]] Points classification Tour de France, Sean Kelly ::[[File:Jersey polkadot.svg|20px]] Mountains classification, Gert-Jan Theunisse

:Ronse, Sean Kelly :Wateringen, Marc Van Orsouw :Maarheeze, Steven Rooks :Montréal, Jörg Müller :Stage 2b (TTT) Volta a CatalunyaThe riders on the squad were Marc Van Orsouw, Steven Rooks, Gert-Jan Theunisse, Raúl Alcalá, Dag Erik Pedersen & Rudy Dhaenens :Mountains classification Tour of Ireland, Sean Kelly

:UCI Road World Cup, Sean Kelly

;1990 :Stage 5 Étoile de Bessèges, John Van Den Akker :[[File:Jersey white.svg|20px]] Combination classification Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana, John Vos

:Stage 5 Vuelta a Murcia, John Van Den Akker :Grote Prijs Berloz, Uwe Raab :[[File:Jersey green.svg|20px]]Sprint classification Vuelta a España, Uwe Raab

:Bavel Criterium, Jos Van Aert :Purnode Criterium, Dirk De Wolf :[[File:Jersey yellow.svg|20px]] Overall Tour de Suisse, Sean Kelly

:Stage 7 Tour de France, Raúl Alcalá :Mosselkoers–Houtem–Vilvoorde Ind., Nico Verhoeven :Stages 12 & 20 Tour de France, Erik Breukink :Profronde van Wateringen, Erik Breukink :Draai van de Kaai, Erik Breukink :[[File:Jersey rainbow.svg|20px]] UCI Road World Championships, Rudy Dhaenens :Tongeren Criterium, Rudy Dhaenens :Stage 7a Volta a Catalunya, Erik Breukink :Grand Prix de la Libération (TTT)The riders on the squad were Erik Breukink, Uwe Raab, Uwe Ampler, Sean Kelly & Gert Jakobs :Aalsmeer Criterium, Gert Jakobs :Beernem Criterium, Rudy Dhaenens :[[File:Jersey yellow.svg|20px]] Overall Tour of Ireland, Erik Breukink

:Oostrozebeke Criterium, Rudy Dhaenens :1990 UCI Road World Cup Finale, Erik Breukink :Stages 1 & 2 Vuelta y Ruta de Mexico, Nico Verhoeven

;1991 :Stage 5 Paris–Nice, Jean-Paul van Poppel :Stages 3, 5a & 6 Vuelta a Aragón, Jean-Paul van Poppel :Stage 5b Vuelta a Aragón, Uwe Raab :Stage 5 Vuelta a España, Uwe Raab :[[File:Jersey green.svg|20px]] Points classification Vuelta a España, Uwe Raab

:[[File:Jersey yellow.svg|20px]] Overall Tour DuPont, Erik Breukink

:Stage 1 Critérium du Dauphiné, John Talen :Stage 1a Vuelta a los Valles Mineros, John Talen :Stage 4 Vuelta a los Valles Mineros, Harald Maier :Germany National Road Race Championship, Falk Boden :Stage 7 Tour de France, Jean-Paul van Poppel :Profronde van Stiphout, Erik Breukink :Mijl van Mares, Nico Verhoeven :Giro di Lombardia, Sean Kelly :Lieshout Cyclo-cross, Martin Hendriks :Loenhout Cyclo-cross, Nico Verhoeven

;1992 :Stage 8 Tour Méditerranéen, Jean-Paul van Poppel :Omloop der Vlaamse Ardennen, Nico Verhoeven :Stage 1 Vuelta a Murcia, Jean-Paul van Poppel :Stage 3 Vuelta a Murcia, Nico Verhoeven :Stage 5 Vuelta a Aragón, Danny Nelissen :Stages 3 & 5 Vuelta a España, Jean-Paul van Poppel :Stage 7 Vuelta a España, Erik Breukink :Stage 16 Vuelta a España, Tom Cordes :GP de Wallonie, Danny Nelissen :Ronde van Limburg, Jans Koerts :Stage 1a Vuelta a los Valles Mineros, Uwe Raab :Kelmis–Ostbelgien-rundfahrt, Nico Verhoeven :Stage 10 Tour de France, Jean-Paul van Poppel :Profronde van Wateringen, Erik Breukink :Clásica de San Sebastián, Raúl Alcalá :Profronde van Surhuisterveen, Gert Jakobs :Melsele Road Race, John Talen :Giro del Piemonte, Erik Breukink

Team riders

References

References

1. "Drugs and Tour de France". Association of British Cycling Coaches.
2. "Illness Forces Breukink out of Tour". International Herald Tribune.
3. "De bedorven kip van PDM, in Andere Tijden; broadcast on Jan 17, 2008". NOS/VPRO, Dutch public television.
4. "The Dutch Doping Scandal – Part 3". cyclingnews.com.
5. "Drug Scandal in the Netherlands". cyclingnews.com.