Pattani, Thailand

Etymology

Some believe that the name Pattani originated from Malay name Patani (Jawi: ڤطاني), which can mean "this beach" in Pattani Malay language. (In standard Malay, this would be pantai ini.) According to a legend, the founder of Pattani was a raja from Kota Malikha named Phaya Tunakpa. Phaya Tunakpa went hunting one day and saw a beautiful albino mouse-deer the size of a goat, which then disappeared. He asked his men where the animal had gone, and they replied: "Pata ning lah!" ("This beach!" in the Pattani Malay language). They searched for the mouse-deer but found instead an old couple, where the old man identified himself as Che' Tani ("Mister Tani"). The old man said that he was sent by the raja's grandfather to build a new town further beyond but had fallen ill on the journey; as he could not go any further, he stayed at that place. The raja then ordered a town be built at the site where the mouse-deer had disappeared. The town became Patani, which is believed to be named either after "this beach" where the mouse-deer had disappeared. Alternatively, it has also been said to be named after the old man as Pak Tani meaning "Father Tani".

Some also say the word Pattani is derived from "Petani" in Malay which means "farmer". Another suggestion is that it derives from a Sanskrit word pathini, meaning "virgin nymph"; Pathini is also said to be the title of a daughter of Merong Mahawangsa, founder of the preceding kingdom of Langkasuka.

History

Modern Pattani is located at the mouth of the Pattani River. The river may have changed course and empty into the sea at the current location in the 16th century. A small port existed in the current location at Kuala Bekah (Kuala Sungai Patani) at the mouth of Patani River by the late 16th and early 17th centuries.{{cite journal |volume=Hors-Série n°2 B. The Sultanate of Patani: Sixteenth-Seventeenth Centuries Domestic Issues|date= 2022|title=Patani Through Foreign Eyes: Sixteenth And Seventeenth Centuries | editor1=Daniel Perret |editor2= Jorge Santos Alves

Climate

Pattani has a tropical monsoon climate according to the Köppen climate classification, with a lengthy wet season and a brief dry season. The temperatures and humidity are high year round, with slightly higher temperatures in April, just as the monsoon arrives. The wet season is long, lasting May-December, and the dry season short, covering only January-April. The months of October, November, and December are particularly wet.

|Jan record high C = 34.3 |Feb record high C = 35.9 |Mar record high C = 37.9 |Apr record high C = 38.9 |May record high C = 38.0 |Jun record high C = 36.6 |Jul record high C = 36.4 |Aug record high C = 35.8 |Sep record high C = 36.0 |Oct record high C = 35.0 |Nov record high C = 34.0 |Dec record high C = 33.9 |year record high C = |Jan record low C = 17.5 |Feb record low C = 16.7 |Mar record low C = 18.5 |Apr record low C = 17.4 |May record low C = 21.6 |Jun record low C = 20.6 |Jul record low C = 20.4 |Aug record low C = 21.0 |Sep record low C = 20.8 |Oct record low C = 21.3 |Nov record low C = 20.0 |Dec record low C = 19.4 |year record low C = | Jan dew point C = 22.6 | Feb dew point C = 22.4 | Mar dew point C = 23.1 | Apr dew point C = 23.9 | May dew point C = 24.2 | Jun dew point C = 24.0 | Jul dew point C = 23.7 | Aug dew point C = 23.5 | Sep dew point C = 23.6 | Oct dew point C = 23.8 | Nov dew point C = 23.9 | Dec dew point C = 23.3 | year dew point C = 23.5

References

References

5. "Distance: Bangkok to Patani".
6. Wyatt, David K.. (December 1967). "A Thai Version of Newbold's "Hikayat Patani"". Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society.
7. "{ms} Sejarah Malaysia - Asal Usul nama Sungai Petani". Sejarahmalaysia.pnm.my.
8. Bougas, Wayne. (1990). "Patani in the Beginning of the XVII Century". Archipel.
9. Ibrahim Syukri. "History of Patani".
10. Chaiwat Satha-anand. "Kru-ze: A Theatre for Renegotiating Muslim Identity". Sojourn: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia.
11. "ประวัติการจัดตั้งเทศบาล".
12. (25 March 1935). "พระราชกฤษฎีกาจัดตั้งเทศบาลเมืองปัตตานี จังหวัดปัตตานี พุทธศักราช ๒๔๗๘". ราชกิจจานุเบกษา.
13. "PATTANI AIRPORT – Weather data by month".