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Parliament of Romania

Bicameral legislature of Romania

Bicameral legislature of Romania

FieldValue
nameParliament of Romania
legislature9th Legislature
native_nameParlamentul României
native_name_langRO
coa_picCoat of arms of Romania.svgfoundation = 1862
1990 (current form)
house_typeBicameral
housesSenate
Chamber of Deputies
leader1_typePresident of the Senate
leader1Mircea Abrudean
party1PNL
election124 June 2025
leader2_typePresident of the Chamber of Deputies
leader2Sorin Grindeanu
party2PSD
election224 June 2025
seats134 Senators
331 Deputies
house1Senate
house2Chamber of Deputies
structure1[[File:SenatulRomaniei16.10.2025.svg360px]]
structure2[[File:Romania Chamber of Deputies, 2025.svg360px]]
political_groups2
voting_system11992–2008, 2016–present: Closed list, D'Hondt method
2008–2016: Mixed member proportional representation
voting_system21992–2008, 2016–present: Closed list, D'Hondt method
2008–2016: Mixed member proportional representation
last_election11 December 2024
last_election21 December 2024
next_election1On or before 2028
next_election2On or before 2028
session_roomFile:Avenida de la Unión, Bucarest, Rumanía, 2016-05-29, DD 57.jpg
session_res250px
meeting_placePalace of the Parliament, Bucharest, Romania
websitehttp://www.parlament.ro/

1990 (current form) Chamber of Deputies 331 Deputies Government (89)

  • Social Democratic Party (38){{efn|
  • Social Democratic Party (36)
  • Independent (2)}}
  • National Liberal Party (22)
  • Save Romania Union (19)
  • Democratic Alliance of Hungarians (10) ;Opposition (45)
  • Alliance for the Union of Romanians (28)
  • PEACE – Romania First (11){{efn|
  • Independent (11)}}
  • Independents (6){{efn|
  • Party of Young People (5)
  • S.O.S. Romania (1)}} Government (206)
  • Social Democratic Party (93){{efn|
  • Social Democratic Party (84)
  • Social Liberal Humanist Party (3)
  • Independent (6)}}
  • National Liberal Party (51){{efn|
  • National Liberal Party (49)
  • Independent (2)}}
  • Save Romania Union (40)
  • Democratic Alliance of Hungarians (22) Supported by (17)
  • National minorities (17){{efn|
  • ALAR (1)
  • AMR (1)
  • CRLR (1)
  • FCER (1)
  • FCR (1)
  • FDGR/DFDR (1)
  • PRPE (1)
  • UAR (1)
  • UBBR (1)
  • UCR (1)
  • UCRR (1)
  • UDSCR (1)
  • UDTTMR (1)
  • UER (1)
  • UPR (1)
  • USR (1)
  • UUR (1)}} Opposition (107)
  • Alliance for the Union of Romanians (62){{efn|
  • Alliance for the Union of Romanians (60)
  • Independent (2)}}
  • S.O.S. Romania (15)
  • Independent Parliamentary Group (10){{efn|
  • Independents (10)}}
  • Independents (20){{efn|
  • Party of Young People (5)
  • RO.AS.IT. (1)
  • Independents (14)}}

2008–2016: Mixed member proportional representation 2008–2016: Mixed member proportional representation

The Parliament of Romania () is the national bicameral legislature of Romania, consisting of the Chamber of Deputies (Camera Deputaților) and the Senate (Senat). It meets at the Palace of the Parliament in Bucharest, the capital.

Prior to the modification of the Constitution in 2003, the two houses had identical attributes. A text of a law had to be approved by both houses. If the text differed, a special commission () was formed by deputies and senators, that "negotiated" between the two houses the form of the future law. The report of this commission had to be approved in a joint session of the Parliament.

After the 2003 referendum, a law still has to be approved by both houses, but each house has designated matters it gets to deliberate before the other, in capacity of "deciding chamber" (). If that first chamber adopts a law proposal (relating to its competences), it is passed on to the other one, which can approve or reject. If it makes amendments, the bill is sent back to the deciding chamber, the decision of which is final.

In 2009, a referendum was held to consult the population about turning the parliament into a unicameral body and reducing the number of representatives to 300. Although the referendum passed, the results are not binding, a referendum explicitly mentioning the modification of the constitution being required to achieve this.

History

The parliamentary history of Romania starts in May 1831 in Wallachia, where a constitutional document was adopted, more specifically Regulamentul Organic ("The Organic Statute" or "The Organic Regulation"); less than a year later, in January 1832, this same statute was implemented in Moldavia as well. The organic regulation laid the foundations for the parliamentary institution in the Romanian Principalities.

The Paris Convention of 19 August 1858 and, especially, Statutul Dezvoltător ("The Expanding Statute") of that convention (which introduced a bicameral parliament, by founding Corpul Ponderator, later renamed Senat), adopted on the initiative of prince (Domnitor) Alexandru Ioan Cuza, by means of a plebiscite (i.e. referendum) in 1864, perfected and enlarged the principle of national representation. Under the political regime established by the Paris Convention, the legislative power faced an obvious process of modernization, and the legislative power as National Representation, which operated in accordance with the organization and operation mode of parliaments in Western Europe at that time.

The historical process of formation of the Parliament of Romania in the modern age strongly boosted the affirmation of national sovereignty, subsequently leading to the Union of the two Romanian Principalities (i.e. Wallachia and Moldavia) in 1859. Under the dome of the Romanian Parliament, on 9 May 1877, the Declaration of Independence of Romania was read, and, in 1920, the documents of union with Transylvania and Bessarabia under the Treaty of Trianon (4 June 1920) were read, the formal beginning of Greater Romania, the enlarged interwar Kingdom of Romania (which also included the entire historical region of Bukovina as per the Treaty of Saint-German-en-Laye from 1919).

In February 1938, amid the rather chaotic European political atmosphere which eventually led to World War II, King Carol II, who always tended to favour his own personal rule over parliamentary democracy, imposed a rule of authoritarian monarchy. Under the royal dictatorship, the parliament became merely a decorative body, deprived of its main attributes.

Carol II abdicated in September 1940, and the succeeding National Legionary State suspended the parliament. The National Legionary State as such lasted less than five months, but it was succeeded by Ion Antonescu's military dictatorship, and the parliament still remained suspended. After 23 August 1944, under the pressure of Soviet and other communist forces, the parliament was re-organized as a single legislative body, the Assembly of Deputies, changed under the 1948 constitution, into the Great National Assembly, a merely formal body, totally subordinate to the power of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR).

The Romanian Revolution of December 1989 opened the road for Romanians to restore authentic pluralistic representative democracy, respecting human rights, and observing the separation of powers and the rulers' responsibility before representative bodies. Thanks to the documents issued by the provisional revolutionary power, Romania returned to a bicameral parliamentary system, represented politically as such both by the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. All these stipulations can be found in the country's new Constitution, approved by referendum in 1991.

During more than a decade of post-communist transition, the Chamber of Deputies and Senate debated and adopted numerous laws and regulations aimed at reforming the entire society on a democratic basis, guaranteeing respect of fundamental human rights, promoting reform and privatization, consolidating free market economic institutions and those of a state ruled by law, which led to Romania's integration into such notable international institutions as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 2004 and the European Union (EU) three years later in 2007.

List of presidents of the Houses

Last election of the President of the Chamber of Deputies: November 2021

The 1866, 1923, and 1938 Constitution of Romania state that the assembly presidents are elected at the beginning of each session. This tradition was kept in the early years of the People's Republic. In modern times, both presidents of the Chamber of Deputies and of the Senate are elected for the entire duration of that house's term. Under special circumstances the presidents of the houses can be revoked.

The political stance of the presidents of the assembly prior to the development of a modern party system is shown by:

RL (Radical Liberal)ML (Moderate Liberal)

The political stance of the presidents of the assembly after the development of a modern party system is shown by:

19th century

El.
yr.Leg.
no.LOWER HOUSEUPPER HOUSE#NamePortraitBorn-DiedTook officeLeft officeParty#NamePortraitBorn-DiedTook officeLeft officePartyAssembly of DeputiesCorpul PonderatorSenat
1862Inot yet established
Independent}}"1Independent}}"Metropolitan-primate Nifon RusailăIndependent}}"[[Image: Nifon - Mitropolitul Ungro-Vlahiei.jpg60px]]Independent}}"Independent}}"24 January 1862Independent}}"2 May 1864Independent}}"Ind.
1864II2Alexandru Emanoil Florescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1822–190729 December 186425 June 1865C
Independent}}"1Independent}}"Metropolitan-primate Nifon RusailăIndependent}}"[[Image: Nifon - Mitropolitul Ungro-Vlahiei.jpg60px]]Independent}}"Independent}}"6 December 1864Independent}}"1 June 1866Independent}}"Ind.
3Emanoil Costache Epureanu[[Image:Manolache Costache Epureanu.jpg60px]]1823–188012 December 18653 January 1866C
4Nicolae Catargiu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1830–18829 January 186612 February 1866C
1866
(Apr)III(3)Emanoil Costache Epureanu[[Image:Manolache Costache Epureanu.jpg60px]]1823–18809 May 18666 July 1866C
Independent}}"(1)Independent}}"Metropolitan-primate Nifon RusailăIndependent}}"[[Image: Nifon - Mitropolitul Ungro-Vlahiei.jpg60px]]Independent}}"Independent}}"1 June 1866Independent}}"6 June 1868Independent}}"Ind.
1866
(Nov)IV5Lascăr Catargiu[[Image:Lascarcatargiu.jpg60px]]1823–189912 December 18661 November 1867C
6Anastasie Fătu[[Image:A. Fĕtul ca. 1850.png60px]]1816–188615 January 186815 November 1868RL2Ștefan Golescu[[Image:Stefan Golescu desen.png60px]]1809–18746 September 186815 November 1868RL
7Ion C. Brătianu[[Image:Ion C. Bratianu 01.png60px]]1821–189118 November 186829 January 1869RL3Nicolae Golescu[[Image:Nicolae Golescu desen.png60px]]1810–187718 November 18689 July 1869RL
1869V8Costache Negri[[Image:Costache Negri.jpg60px]]1812–18768 May 186917 November 1869ML4Alexandru Plagino[[Image:D. William - Alexandre Const. Plagino - Ancien Ministre des affaires étrangerès.jpg60px]]1821–18942 September 18694 March 1871MC
9Grigore Balș[[Image:No image.svg60px]]–189520 November 18691 May 1870MC
1870VI10Gheorghe Costa-Foru[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1820–18762 July 18703 February 1871C
11Nicolae Păcleanu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]5 February 187116 March 1871RL
1871VII12Dimitrie Ghica[[Image:Dimitrie Ghica.jpg60px]]1816–189726 May 187117 February 1876CIndependent}}"(1)Independent}}"Metropolitan-primate Nifon RusailăIndependent}}"[[Image: Nifon - Mitropolitul Ungro-Vlahiei.jpg60px]]Independent}}"Independent}}"4 March 1871Independent}}"5 May 1875Independent}}"Ind.
1875VIIIIndependent}}"5Independent}}"Metropolitan-primate Calinic MiclescuIndependent}}"[[Image:Carol Popp de Szathmáry - Miclescu Calinic.jpg60px]]Independent}}"Independent}}"9 June 1875Independent}}"25 March 1879Independent}}"Ind.
13Constantin N. Brăiloiu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1809/10–188918 February 18763 May 1876C
1876IX14Constantin A. Rosetti[[Image:Constantin Alexandru Rosetti.jpg60px]]1816–188525 June 187626 May 1878PNL
15Gheorghe Vernescu[[Image:D. William - G. Vernesco - Ancien Ministre et Député.jpg60px]]1829–19006 June 187815 November 1878PNL
(14)Constantin A. Rosetti[[Image:Constantin Alexandru Rosetti.jpg60px]]1816–188517 November 18789 June 1881PNL
1879X6Constantin Bosianu[[Image:Constantin Bosianu.jpg60px]]1815–188225 May 187915 November 1879PNL
7Dimitrie Ghica[[Image:Dimitrie Ghica.jpg60px]]1816–189717 November 18798 September 1888PNL
1881XI16Dimitrie C. Brătianu[[Image:Dimitrie Brătianu.png60px]]1818–18929 June 188121 October 1882PNL
17Dimitrie Lecca[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1832–188821 October 18825 March 1883PNL
1883XII(14)Constantin A. Rosetti[[Image:Constantin Alexandru Rosetti.jpg60px]]1816–188516 May 188317 October 1883PNL
(17)Dimitrie Lecca[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1832–188819 October 18834 July 1888PNL
1884XIII
1888XIV(5)Lascăr Catargiu[[Image:Lascarcatargiu.jpg60px]]1823–189910 November 188814 January 1889PC8Ion Emanoil Florescu[[Image:Emanoil Ion Florescu 01.jpg60px]]1819–18934 November 18887 December 1889PC
18Constantin Grădișteanu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1833–189019 January 188916 November 1889PC9Nicolae Kretzulescu[[Image:Nicolae Cretulescu.jpg60px]]1812–190013 December 18896 June 1890PC
19Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino[[Image:Cantacuzino.jpg60px]]1833–191316 November 188922 February 1891PC(8)Ion Emanoil Florescu[[Image:Emanoil Ion Florescu 01.jpg60px]]1819–189317 November 189021 February 1891PC
1891XV20Gheorghe Rosnovanu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1832–19043 May 189111 December 1891PC10Constantin Boerescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1845–19281 March 189111 December 1891PC
1892XVI21Gheorghe Manu[[File:Gheorghe Manu.jpg60px]]1833–191126 February 189224 October 1895PC11Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino[[Image:Cantacuzino.jpg60px]]1833–191325 February 189224 October 1895PC
1895XVII22Petre S. Aurelian[[Image:Petre S Aurelian.jpg60px]]1833–19099 December 189521 November 1896PNL(7)Dimitrie Ghica[[Image:Dimitrie Ghica.jpg60px]]1816–18979 December 189515 February 1897PNL
12Dimitrie Alexandru Sturdza[[Image:Sturdza.jpg60px]]1833–191420 February 189731 March 1897PNL
23Dimitrie Gianni[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1832–190223 November 189621 April 1899PNL13Eugeniu Stătescu[[Image:Eugeniu Statescu.jpg60px]]1836–190531 March 189718 November 1897PNL
14Nicolae Gane[[Image:Nicolae Gane - Foto02.jpg60px]]1838–191618 November 189721 April 1899PNL
1899XVIII24Constantin Olănescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1845–192813 June 189921 September 1900PC(10)Constantin Boerescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1836–190813 June 189914 February 1901PC
(19)Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino[[Image:Cantacuzino.jpg60px]]1833–191325 September 190014 February 1901PC

20th century

El.
yr.Leg.
no.LOWER HOUSEUPPER HOUSE#NamePortraitBorn-DiedTook officeLeft officeParty#NamePortraitBorn-DiedTook officeLeft officePartyAssembly of DeputiesSenateGreat National AssemblyAssembly of DeputiesSenateChamber of Deputies
1901XIX
25Mihail Pherekyde[[File:1910 - Mihail Pherekide - preşedintele Camerei Deputaţilor.PNG60px]]1842–192624 March 19019 December 1904PNL(13)Eugeniu Stătescu[[Image:Eugeniu Statescu.jpg60px]]1836–190524 March 190115 November 1902PNL
26Ștefan Șendrea[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1842–19079 December 190423 December 1904PNL15Petre S. Aurelian[[Image:Petre S Aurelian.jpg60px]]1833–190916 November 190223 December 1904PNL
1905XX27Grigore Trandafil[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1840–190725 February 190523 February 1907PC(10)Constantin Boerescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1836–190825 February 190526 April 1907PC
28Constantin Cantacuzino-Pașcanu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1856–192726 February 190726 April 1907PC
1907XXI(25)Mihail Pherekyde[[File:1910 - Mihail Pherekide - preşedintele Camerei Deputaţilor.PNG60px]]1842–19268 June 190715 December 1909PNL(15)Petre S. Aurelian[[Image:Petre S Aurelian.jpg60px]]1833–19099 June 190724 January 1909PNL
29Basile M. Missir[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1843–192915 December 190916 February 1910PNL
(25)Mihail Pherekyde[[File:1910 - Mihail Pherekide - preşedintele Camerei Deputaţilor.PNG60px]]1842–192616 February 191010 January 1911PNL16Constantin Budișteanu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1838–191128 January 190910 January 1911PNL
1911XXII(24)Constantin Olănescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1845–19288 March 191117 October 1912PC(11)Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino[[Image:Cantacuzino.jpg60px]]1833–191310 March 191123 March 1913PC
1912XXIII(28)Constantin Cantacuzino-Pașcanu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1856–19271 December 191211 January 1914PCD
17Theodor Rosetti[[Image:Teodor Rosetti.jpg60px]]1837–193227 March 19133 July 1913PC
18Ion Lahovari[[Image:Nicolae Petrescu Gaina - Ion Lahovari.jpg60px]]1844–19153 July 191311 January 1914PC
1914XXIV(25)Mihail Pherekyde[[File:1910 - Mihail Pherekide - preşedintele Camerei Deputaţilor.PNG60px]]1842–192621 February 191411 December 1916PNL19Basile M. Missir[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1843–192921 February 19149 December 1916PNL
30Vasile C. Morțun[[Image:1910 - Vasile G Morţun - ministrul lucrărilor publice.PNG60px]]1860–191911 December 191625 April 1918PNL20Emanoil Porumbaru[[File:Emanoil Porumbaru - Foto01.jpg60px]]1845–19219 December 191625 April 1918PNL
1918XXV31Constantin Meissner[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1854–19425 June 19185 November 1918PCP21Dimitrie I. Dobrescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1869–19484 June 19185 November 1918PCP
1919XXVI32Alexandru Vaida-Voevod[[Image:Vaida-Voevod.jpg60px]]1872–195028 November 19191 December 1919PNR22Paul Bujor[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1862–195228 December 191826 March 1920PȚB
33Nicolae Iorga[[Image:RetratoNicolaeIorga.png60px]]1871–19409 December 191926 March 1920PND
1920XXVII34Duiliu Zamfirescu[[Image:Duiliu Zamfirescu - Foto01.jpg60px]]1858–192230 June 192022 January 1922PP23Constantin Coandă[[Image:Constantin Coanda.jpg60px]]1857–193222 June 192022 January 1922PP
1922XXVIII35Mihail Orleanu[[Image:1910 - Mihail Orleanu - ministrul industriei şi comerţului.PNG60px]]1859–19426 April 192227 March 1926PNL24Mihail Pherekyde[[File:1910 - Mihail Pherekide - preşedintele Camerei Deputaţilor.PNG60px]]1842–192631 March 192224 January 1926PNL
25Constantin I. Nicolaescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1861–19453 February 192627 March 1926PNL
1926XXIX36Petre P. Negulescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1870–195110 July 19265 June 1927PP(23)Constantin Coandă[[Image:Constantin Coanda.jpg60px]]1857–19328 July 19265 June 1927PP
1927XXX37Nicolae Săveanu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1866–195230 July 192710 November 1928PNL26Constantin I. Nicolaescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1861–194518 June 192710 November 1928PNL
1928XXXI38Ștefan Cicio Pop[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1865–193423 December 192830 April 1931PNȚ27Traian Bratu[[Image:TBratu.jpg60px]]1875–194023 December 192830 April 1931PNȚ
1931XXXII39Dimitrie Pompeiu[[Image:DimitriePompeiu.jpg60px]]1873–195420 June 193110 June 1932PNDIndependent}}"28Independent}}"Mihail SadoveanuIndependent}}"[[Image:Mihail Sadoveanu (cropped).jpg60px]]Independent}}"1880–1961Independent}}"18 June 1931Independent}}"10 June 1932Independent}}"Ind.
1932XXXIII(38)Ștefan Cicio Pop[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1865–193410 August 193218 November 1933PNȚ29Neculai Costăchescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1876–19394 August 193218 November 1933PNȚ
1933XXXIV(37)Nicolae Săveanu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1866–195210 February 193419 November 1937PNL31Leonte Moldovan[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1865–194310 February 193415 November 1935PNL
1934XXXV
32Constantin Dimitriu-Dovlecel[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1872–194515 November 193515 November 1936PNL
33Alexandru Lapedatu[[Image:Alexandru_I._Lapedatu_sitting.png60px]]16 November 193620 March 1937PNL
1937XXXVI
1939XXXVII(32)Alexandru Vaida-Voevod[[Image:Vaida-Voevod.jpg60px]]1872–19509 June 19395 September 1940FRN/PNIndependent}}"34Independent}}"Nicolae IorgaIndependent}}"[[Image:RetratoNicolaeIorga.png60px]]Independent}}"1871–1940Independent}}"9 June 1939Independent}}"13 June 1939Independent}}"Ind.
35Constantin Argetoianu[[Image:Constantin Argetoianu. Portret fotografic..jpg60px]]1871–195515 June 19395 August 1940FNR/PN
1946XXXVIII40Mihail Sadoveanu[[Image:Mihail Sadoveanu (cropped).jpg60px]]1880–19615 December 194624 February 1948BPDsuspended
1948XXXIXabolished
41Gheorghe Apostol[[Image:Gheorghe Apostol.jpg60px]]1913–20107 April 194811 June 1948PMR
42Constantin Agiu[[Image:Constantin Agiu.jpg60px]]1891–196111 June 194827 December 1948PMR
43Constantin Pîrvulescu[[Image:Constantin Pirvulescu.jpg60px]]1895–199227 December 19485 July 1949PMR
44Dumitru Petrescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]5 July 194928 December 1949PMR
45Alexandru Drăghici[[Image:No image.svg60px]]28 December 194926 January 1950PMR
(44)Dumitru Petrescu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]26 January 195029 May 1950PMR
46Constantin Doncea[[File:Constantin Doncea.jpg60px]]1904–197329 May 19506 September 1950PMR
(41)Gheorghe Apostol[[Image:Gheorghe Apostol.jpg60px]]1913–20106 September 19505 April 1951PMR
47Ioan Vințe[[File:Ion Vinte.jpg60px]]1910–19965 April 195126 March 1952PMR
(41)Gheorghe Apostol[[Image:Gheorghe Apostol.jpg60px]]1913–201026 March 19526 June 1952PMR
48Gheorghe Stoica[[Image:No image.svg60px]]2 June 195230 November 1952PMR
1952XL(43)Constantin Pîrvulescu[[Image:Constantin Pirvulescu.jpg60px]]1895–199223 January 19535 March 1961PMR
1957XLI
1961XLII
49Ștefan Voitec[[File:Stefan Voitec1.jpg60px]]1900–198420 March 196128 March 1974PMR/PCR
1965XLIII
1969XLIV
50Miron Constantinescu[[Image:Miron Constantinescu.jpg60px]]1917–197428 March 197418 July 1974PCR
51Nicolae Giosan[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1921–199026 July 197412 December 1989PCR
1975XLV
1980XLVI
1985XLVII
1990XLVIII
National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"52National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"Marțian DanNational Salvation Front (Romania)}}"[[Image:No image.svg60px]]National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"1935–2002National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"19 June 1990National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"16 October 1992National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"FSNNational Salvation Front (Romania)}}"35National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"Alexandru BârlădeanuNational Salvation Front (Romania)}}"[[File:Alexandru Barladeanu.jpg60px]]National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"1911–1997National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"18 June 1990National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"16 October 1992National Salvation Front (Romania)}}"FSN
1992XLIX36Oliviu Gherman[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1930–202022 October 199222 November 1996FDSN/PDSR
53Adrian Năstase[[Image:Adrian Năstase3.jpg60px]]1950–28 October 199222 November 1996FDSN/PDSR
1996L54Ion Diaconescu[[File:Ion Diaconescu.jpg60px]]1917–201127 November 199630 November 2000PNȚCD37Petre Roman[[Image:Petre Roman EP (cropped).jpg60px]]1946–27 November 199622 December 1999PD
38Mircea Ionescu-Quintus1917–20174 February 200030 November 2000PNL
2000LI55Valer Dorneanu[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1944–15 December 200030 November 2004PDSR/PSD39Nicolae Văcăroiu[[Image:Nicolae Văcăroiu.jpg60px]]1943–15 December 200014 October 2008PDSR/PSD

21st century

El.
yr.Leg.
no.LOWER HOUSEUPPER HOUSE#NamePortraitBorn-DiedTook officeLeft officeParty#NamePortraitBorn-DiedTook officeLeft officePartyChamber of DeputiesSenate
2004LII
(53)Adrian Năstase[[Image:Adrian Năstase3.jpg60px]]1950–19 December 200416 March 2006PSD39Nicolae Văcăroiu[[Image:Nicolae Văcăroiu.jpg60px]]1943–15 December 200014 October 2008PDSR/PSD
56Bogdan Olteanu[[Image:Bogdan Olteanu.png60px]]1971–20 March 200613 December 2008PNL
—Doru Ioan Tărăcilă
(acting)[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1951–14 October 200828 October 2008PSD
40Ilie Sârbu[[File:Ilie Sarbu.jpg60px]]1950–28 October 200813 December 2009PSD
2008LIII57Roberta Anastase[[File:Roberta Anastase.jpg60px]]1976–19 December 20083 July 2012PDL41Mircea Geoană[[File:Mircea Geoană - Feb 2024.jpg60px]]1958–19 December 200923 November 2011PSD
—Petru Filip
(acting)[[Image:No image.svg60px]]1955–23 November 201128 November 2011PDL
43Vasile Blaga[[File:Vasile Blaga 2012-10-18.jpg60px]]1956–28 November 20113 July 2012PDL
58Valeriu Zgonea[[File:Vizita Presedintelui Camerei Deputatilor Valeriu Zgonea la Slobozia2 (14278114469) (cropped).jpg60px]]1967–3 July 201220 December 2012PSD44Crin Antonescu[[Image:Crin Antonescu - 24 February 2025 (cropped).jpg60px]]1959–3 July 201220 December 2012PNL
2012LIV20 December 201213 June 201619 December 20124 March 2014
—Cristian Dumitrescu
(acting)[[File:Cristian Dumitrescu.jpg60px]]1955–5 March 201410 March 2014PSD
45Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu[[File:Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu.jpg60px]]1952–10 March 201421 December 2016Ind./PLR/ALDE
—Florin Iordache
(acting)[[File:HANDSHAKE - BRATISLAVA INFORMAL PARLIAMENTARY SUMMIT 2016-10-07 (30166706425) (cropped).jpg60px]]1960–13 June 2016September 2016PSD
59Florin IordacheSeptember 201621 December 2016
2016LV60Liviu Dragnea[[File:Conferinta de presa la sediul PSD Arad - 22.05 (7) (14465750525).jpg60px]]1962–21 December 201627 May 2019PSD21 December 20162 September 2019ALDE
61Marcel Ciolacu[[File:Marcel Ciolacu.png60px]]1967–29 May 201921 December 2020PSD
—Șerban Valeca
(acting)1956–20222 September 201910 September 2019PSD
46Teodor Meleșcanu[[File:Teodor Meleșcanu in 2017.jpg60px]]1941–10 September 20193 February 2020Ind. with
PSD support
—Titus Corlățean
(acting)[[File:Titus Corlatean.jpg60px]]1968–3 February 20209 April 2020PSD
—Robert Cazanciuc
(acting)1971–9 April 202021 December 2020PSD
2020LVI62Ludovic Orban[[File:Ludovic-Orban (cropped).jpg60px]]1963–22 December 202013 October 2021PNL47Anca Dragu[[File:Anca-paliu-dragu (cropped).jpg80x80px]]1972–21 December 202023 November 2021USR PLUS/USR
—Florin Roman
(acting)1974–18 October 20212 November 2021PNL
–Sorin Grindeanu
(acting)[[File:Sorin Grindeanu in Geneva - 2018 (25019917997) (cropped).jpg60px]]1973–2 November 202123 November 2021PSD
(61)Marcel Ciolacu[[File:Marcel Ciolacu.png80x80px]]1967–23 November 202115 June 2023PSD48Florin Cîțu[[File:Florin Cîțu - jan 2020 (cropped).jpg80x80px]]1972–23 November 202129 June 2022PNL
—Alina Gorghiu
(acting)1978–29 June 202213 June 2023PNL
—Alfred Simonis
(acting)[[File:Simonis Alfred.jpg60px]]1985–25 June 20232 September 2024PSD49Nicolae Ciucă[[File:NicolaeCiuca.jpg80x80px]]1967–13 June 202323 December 2024PNL
63Daniel Suciu[[File:Vasile-Daniel Suciu (15 May 2019) (cropped).jpg60px]]1980–2 September 202423 December 2024PSD
2024LVII64Ciprian Șerban[[File:No image.svg60px]]1985–23 December 202423 June 2025PSD50Ilie Bolojan[[File:Ilie Bolojan official portrait (cropped).jpg75x75px]]1969–23 December 202423 June 2025PNL
65Sorin Grindeanu[[File:Sorin Grindeanu in Geneva - 2018 (25019917997) (cropped).jpg60px]]1973–24 June 2025IncumbentPSD51Mircea Abrudean1984–24 June 2025IncumbentPNL

Functioning

Prior to the modifications of the Constitution in 2003, the two houses had identical attributes. A text of a law had to be approved by both houses. If the text differed, a special commission (comisie de mediere) was formed by deputies and senators, that "negotiated" between the two houses the form of the future law. The report of this commission had to be approved in a joint session of the Parliament. This French procedure proved to be extremely long and inefficient with respect to the expectations of the Romanians towards democracy.

After the 2003 referendum, a law still has to be approved by both houses, but in some matters one is "superior" to the other, being called "decision chamber" ("cameră decizională"). This eliminates the process of "negotiation" between the two houses, and keeps the Senate as the upper house and the Chamber as the lower house.

Committees

Committees of the Chamber of Deputies (15):

– The committee for legal affairs, appointments, discipline, immunities and validations; – Committee on Budget, finance, banking and capital market; – The commission for economy, industry and services; – Committee on Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Development; – The Committee on Foreign Affairs; – Committee on public administration, the territory and environmental protection; – The commission for defense, public order and national security; – Commission for work, family and social protection; – Committee for Education, Science, Youth and Sports; – Committee on Public Health; – Committee for culture, art and media information in the table; – Commission on Human Rights, religious and minority; – The Committee on Equal Opportunities; – Commission for privatization and management of state assets; – Committee on research abuses, corruption and petitions.

Committees of the Senate (14):

– Committee for Economic Policy, Reform, and Privatization; – Committee for Budget, Finance, and, Banks, Committee for Industries and Services, Committee for Agriculture, Forestry, Food Industry and Specific Services; – Committee for Human Rights, Cults and National Minorities Issues; – Committee for Public Administration Territorial Planning and Ecological Balance; – Committee for Labour and Social Protection, Committee for Health and Family; – Committee for Education, Science, Youth, and Sport; – Committee for Culture, Arts, Mass Information Means; – Committee for Legal Matters, Discipline, and Immunities; – Committee for Defense Public Order, and National Security; – Committee for Foreign Policy; – Committee for the Investigation of Abuses, Corrupt Practices, and for Petitions; – Committee for Standing Orders; – Committee for information technologies and communications; – Committee on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men.

Joint committees :

Standing committees:

– The Committee on European Affairs; – The former Committee for European Integration; – The Joint Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the exercise of parliamentary control over the activity of the Romanian Intelligence Service; – The Joint Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the exercise of parliamentary control over the activity of the Foreign Intelligence Service; – The Parliamentary Committee for the control of the implementation of the Law no.42/1990 for honoring the martyr heroes and granting rights to their successors, to the persons wounded in, and to the fighters for the victory of the Revolution of December 1990; – The Joint Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the statute of the Senator and Deputy, and organizing and functioning of the joint sessions of the Chambers; – The Joint Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the relation with UNESCO.

Special committees:

– The Joint Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the elaboration of the legislative proposal regarding the election of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, of the President of Romania, of the authorities of the public local administration, financing of the elections campaign, and the election of the members of the European Parliament; – The Joint Special Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for the control of the budget execution of the Court of Accounts during the year 2003; – The Joint Special Standing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate for establishing the antenna times for the election of the Romanian Members of the European Parliament; – The Joint Special Standing Committee of Parliament for the antenna times for the national referendum regarding the introduction of the uninominal election of the members of the Parliament of Romania.

Inquiry committees:

– The parliamentary inquiry committee for investigations and clarifying the status of the bank accounts of Nicolae Ceaușescu; – The parliamentary inquiry committee for investigations and clarifying the activity of ICE Dunărea; – The parliamentary inquiry committee for investigations regarding interception of communications; – The parliamentary inquiry committee of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate regarding the Bordei Park; – The parliamentary inquiry committee for investigations and clarifying the spending way of the money obtained as a 2% quota from the privatization value, destined to the building of social housing, as established by the article 44, 2nd paragraph of the Law 10/2001 regarding the judiciary regime of the buildings abusively acquired by the state in the period 6 March 1945 – 22 December 1989, republished.

Composition

2024–2028

|- ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Party ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Election seating ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Lost ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Won ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Present seating |- ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % |- |
|-

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|-

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-

|
|- |
|- ! align=left colspan=2|Total ! 134 ! 100 ! colspan=2 | — ! 134 ! 100 |}

|- ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Party ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Election seating ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Lost ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Won ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Present seating |- ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % |- |
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|- |
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! align=left colspan=2
! 330
! 100
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! 330
! 100
}

2020–2024

|- ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Party ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Election seating ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Lost ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Won ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Present seating |- ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % |- |
|- |
|-

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-

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|- |
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-

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|- ! align=left colspan=2|Total ! 136 ! 100 ! colspan=2 | — ! 136 ! 100 |}

|- ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Party ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Election seating ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Lost ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Won ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Present seating |- ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % |- |
|- |
|-

! style="background-color: #00AAE7"
! style="background-color: "
-

|
|-

! style="background-color: #000000"

|
|-

! style="background-color: #c40075"
! style="background-color: #0066B6"
-
! style="background-color: "
-
! style="background-color: "
-
! style="background-color: "
-
! style="background-color: "
-

|
|- ! align=left colspan=2|Total ! 330 ! 100 ! colspan=2 | — ! 330 ! 100 |}

2016–2020

|- ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Party ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Election seating ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Lost ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Won ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | End seating |- ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % |- |
|- |
|- |
|- |
|- |
|- |
|- |
|- |
|- ! align=left colspan=2|Total ! 136 ! 100 ! colspan=2 | — ! 136 ! 100 |}

|- ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Party ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Election seating ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Lost ! style="text-align:center;" rowspan=2 | Won ! style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | End seating |- ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % ! style="text-align:center;" | Seats ! style="text-align:center;" | % |- |
|- |
|- |
|- |
|- |
|- |
|-

! style="background-color: #000000"
! style="background-color:
-

|
|- |
|- ! align=left colspan=2|Total ! 329 ! 100 ! colspan=2 | — ! 329 ! 100 |}

2012–2016

Main article: 2012–2016 legislature of the Romanian Parliament

2008–2012

2004–2008

Main article: 2004–2008 legislature of the Romanian Parliament

The figures in the table below denote only the seats in the Chamber of Deputies:

Party% of seatsSeats
Social Democratic Party32.31
Democratic Liberal Party20.62
National Liberal Party18.15
Greater Romania Party6.77
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania6.77
Conservative Party5.85
Parties of ethnic minorities5.54
Independents4.00
Total100325

2000–2004

The figures in the table below denote only the seats in the Chamber of Deputies:

Party% of seatsSeats
Social Democratic Party44.92
Greater Romania Party24.34
Democratic Party8.98
National Liberal Party8.69
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania7.82
Parties of ethnic minorities5.21
Total100345

1996–2000

The figures in the table below denote only the seats in the Chamber of Deputies:

Party% of seatsSeats
Romanian Democratic Convention35.56
Party of Social Democracy in Romania26.53
Social Democratic Union15.45
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania7.28
Greater Romania Party5.53
Romanian National Unity Party5.24
Parties of ethnic minorities4.37
Total100343

1992–1996

The figures in the table below denote only the seats in the Chamber of Deputies:

Party% of seatsSeats
Democratic National Salvation Front34.31
Romanian Democratic Convention24.04
National Salvation Front12.60
Romanian National Unity Party8.79
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania7.91
Greater Romania Party4.69
Socialist Party of Labour3.81
Parties of ethnic minorities3.81
Total100341

1990–1992

The figures in the table below denote only the seats in the Chamber of Deputies:

Party% of seatsSeats
National Salvation Front66.31
Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania7.23
National Liberal Party6.41
Ecological Movement of Romania2.62
Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party2.56
Others (including independents)13.88
Parties of ethnic minorities0.99
Total100396

Notes

References

References

  1. "Grupuri parlamentare". The official website of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies.
  2. [http://www.euractiv.ro/uniunea-europeana/articles. displayArticle/articleID_18314/Presedintele-Basescu-vrea-referendum-pentru-Parlament-unicameral-in-aceeasi-zi-cu-alegerile.html ''For the modification of the structure of parliament, a constitutional amendment is needed.'' (euractiv.ro)]
  3. "''Governmental responsibility and parliamentary irresponsibility in the Romanian constitutional tradition'' by Radu Carp".
  4. Ultimul up-date 12:44 GMT+2. (8 March 2002). "Dan Martian, ambasadorul Romaniei in Portugalia, a decedat - Ziarul de Iasi". Ziaruldeiasi.ro.
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