Pandion I

Family

Pandion married a naiad, Zeuxippe, and they had two sons Erechtheus and Butes, and two daughters Procne and Philomela. In some accounts, he was also called the father of Teuthras, father of Thespius, and of Cephalus. In Hesiod and Sappho Pandion is also said to be the father of the Swallow or Chelidon, the doublet of Philomela, though Procne's doublet Aëdon is never his daughter. Some scholars think Chelidon's father is a different Pandion, a doublet of Pandareus (Aëdon's father).

Mythology

Pandion I was the fifth king of Athens in the traditional line of succession as given by the third century BC Parian Chronicle, the chronographer Castor of Rhodes (probably from the late third-century Eratosthenes) and the Bibliotheca. He was preceded by Cecrops I, Cranaus, Amphictyon, and Erichthonius, and succeeded by Erechtheus, Cecrops II, and Pandion II. Castor makes Pandion I the son of Erichthonius (the earliest source for this) and says he ruled for 40 years (1437/6–1397/6 BC). It may be that either Pandion I or Pandion II was invented to fill a gap in the mythical history of Athens.

According to the Bibliotheca, Pandion fought a war with Labdacus, the king of Thebes, over boundaries, and married his daughter Procne to Tereus in exchange for help in the fighting, and it was during his reign that the gods Demeter and Dionysus came to Attica. After his death, the kingdom of Athens went to his son Erechtheus, while Butes received the priesthoods of Athena and "Poseidon Erechtheus" (in Athens, Erechtheus was a cult-title of Poseidon). He is said to have died of grief when he discovered that his daughters, Procne and Philomela, had died.

Either Pandion I or Pandion II was usually identified with Pandion, the eponymous hero of the Attic tribe Pandionis.

| title=King of Athens | years= | before=Erichthonius | after=Erechtheus

Notes

References

• Apollodorus, The Library with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library. Greek text available from the same website.
• Gantz, Timothy, Early Greek Myth: A Guide to Literary and Artistic Sources, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996, Two volumes: (Vol. 1), (Vol. 2).
• Grimal, Pierre, The Dictionary of Classical Mythology, Wiley-Blackwell, 1996, .
• Harding, Phillip, The Story of Athens: The Fragments of the Local Chronicles of Attika, Routledge, 2007. .
• Hesiod, Works and Days, in The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White. Homeric Hymns. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
• Hyginus, Gaius Julius, The Myths of Hyginus. Edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960.
• Kearns, Emily, The Heroes of Attica (Bulletin Supplement 57), University of London Institute of Classical Studies 1989. .
• Ovid, Metamorphoses, Brookes More. Boston. Cornhill Publishing Co. 1922. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
• Pausanias, Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. . Online version at the Perseus Digital Library
• Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio. 3 vols. Leipzig, Teubner. 1903. Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library.
• Thucydides, Thucydides translated into English; with introduction, marginal analysis, notes, and indices. Volume 1., Benjamin Jowett. translator. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1881. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
• Smith, William; A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities. William Smith, LLD. William Wayte. G. E. Marindin. Albemarle Street, London. John Murray. 1890. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.

References

1. Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' [http://www.theoi.com/Text/HyginusFabulae1.html#48 48]
2. [[Hesiod]], ''[[Works and Days]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hes.+WD+568 568]; Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.14.8 3.14.8]; [[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.5.3 1.5.3]; [[Thucydides]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Thuc.+2.29 2.29]; Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#45 45], [https://topostext.org/work/206#46 46], [https://topostext.org/work/206#45 48], [https://topostext.org/work/206#238 238], [https://topostext.org/work/206#239 239], [https://topostext.org/work/206#241 241] & [https://topostext.org/work/206#255 255]
3. [[Stephanus of Byzantium]], s.v. ''[https://topostext.org/work/241#Th310.9 Thespeia]''
4. Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#270 270]
5. Forbes Irving, Paul M. C.. (1990). "Metamorphosis in Greek Myths". [[Clarendon Press]].
6. Harding, p. 14, [https://books.google.com/books?id=KH4T9CBXwEEC&pg=PA42 42], Gantz, p. 234.
7. Gantz, p. 239.
8. Harding, [https://books.google.com/books?id=KH4T9CBXwEEC&pg=PA42 p. 42].
9. Harding, [https://books.google.com/books?id=KH4T9CBXwEEC&pg=PA42 p. 42]: "It is usual to believe that one or the other of the two was invented for the purpose of fixing the chronographic calculations."
10. Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.14.8 3.14.8]
11. Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.14.7 3.14.7]
12. Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+3.15.1 3.15.1]
13. Grimal, "Pandion" p. 342; [[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Ov.+Met.+6.675 6.675]