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Palmar erythema

Reddening of the palms

Field	Value
name	Palmar erythema
image	Palmar erythema.jpg

Palmar erythema is reddening of the palms at the thenar and hypothenar eminences.

Causes

It is associated with various physiological as well as pathological changes, or may be a normal finding:

Portal hypertension
Chronic liver disease (including chronic hepatitis)
Pregnancy
Polycythemia
Thyrotoxicosis
Rheumatoid arthritis (especially in patients with polycythaemia){{Citation
Eczema and psoriasis
Deep telangiectasias
Coxsackievirus A infection (Hand, foot and mouth disease)
Rocky Mountain spotted fever{{citation
Secondary syphilis
Kawasaki disease
Adverse drug reaction: palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia (acral erythema)

Because circulating levels of estrogen increase in both cirrhosis and pregnancy, estrogen was thought to be the main cause for the increased vascularity. More recently, nitric oxide has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of palmar erythema.{{Cite book |vauthors= Nevzati E, Shafighi M, Bakhtian KD, Treiber H, Fandino J, Fathi AR |chapter=Estrogen Induces Nitric Oxide Production Via Nitric Oxide Synthase Activation in Endothelial Cells |date=2015 |periodical= Acta Neurochirurgica Supplement |volume=120 |pages=141–145 |doi= 10.1007/978-3-319-04981-6_24

Treatment

Palmar erythema has no specific treatment. Management is based on the underlying cause. When its cause is treated then patients get relief. If it is attributable to a particular drug then the drug should be withdrawn.

References

James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). ''Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology''. (10th ed.). Saunders. {{ISBN. 0-7216-2921-0.
Basic pathology 8th edition p 646

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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