Outline of chocolate

What is chocolate?

• Chocolate – raw or processed food produced from the seed of the tropical Theobroma cacao tree. The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste, and must be fermented to improve the flavour. Chocolate is a popular ingredient in confectionery items and candies.

What type of thing is chocolate?

Chocolate is a type of:

• Food – substance to provide nutritional support for the body, ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells in an effort to produce energy, maintain life, and/or stimulate growth.
  • Confectionery – the set of food items that are rich in sugar, any one or type of which is called a confection. Modern usage may include substances rich in artificial sweeteners as well.
    • Candy – confection made from a concentrated solution of sugar in water, to which flavourings and colourants are added. Candies come in numerous colours and varieties and have a long history in popular culture.
  • Ingredient – substance that forms part of a mixture (in a general sense). For example, in cooking, recipes specify which ingredients are used to prepare a specific dish. Chocolate is often used as an ingredient in dessert items, such as cakes and cookies.

What is chocolate made of?

Necessary ingredients

Optional ingredients

Substances found in cacao

• Phenethylamine – psychoactive drug that is usually inactive when orally ingested because most of it is metabolized into phenylacetic acid by monoamine oxidase (MAO), preventing significant concentrations from reaching the brain
• Theobromine – also known as xantheose, it contains no bromine and has a similar, but lesser, effect to caffeine
• Theophylline – methylxanthine drug found in tea leaves

Source of cocoa

By country

Types

By country

Production methods

Producers and trade organizations

• – a Ghanaian cocoa processing company
• – a Ghanaian farmers' cooperative organisation

Brands

• • – a chocolate brand containing coffee and cola nut

Edibles

Brand names:

Cereals

Chocolate

Chocolates –

Drinks

History

Effects on health

Other articles

• – named for its colour, does not contain cocoa

Military chocolate

References

References

1. (9 January 1998). "Theobroma cacao". Hort.purdue.edu.
2. (November 1973). "Beta-phenylethylamine: a specific substrate for type B monoamine oxidase of brain". Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.
3. (March 1981). "Oxidation of beta-phenylethylamine by both types of monoamine oxidase: examination of enzymes in brain and liver mitochondria of eight species". Journal of Neurochemistry.
4. Malisoff, William Marias. (1943). "Dictionary of Bio-Chemistry and Related Subjects". Philosophical Library.
5. (2002). "The World of Caffeine: The Science and Culture of the World's Most Popular Drug". [[Routledge]], New York.
6. "History".