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Open back rounded vowel
Vowel sound represented by ⟨ɒ⟩ in IPA
Vowel sound represented by ⟨ɒ⟩ in IPA
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ipa symbol | ɒ |
| ipa number | 313 |
| decimal | 594 |
| x-sampa | Q |
| imagefile | IPA Unicode 0x0252.svg |
| braille | 256 |
| braille2 | ch |
|x-sampa=Q
The open back rounded vowel, or low back rounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is . It is called Latin turned alpha being a rotated version of Latin alpha. It seems a "turned script a", being a rotated version of "script (cursive) a", which is the variant of a that lacks the extra stroke on top of a "printed a". Latin turned alpha a has its linear stroke on the left, whereas Latin alpha a (for its unrounded counterpart) has its linear stroke on the right.
Features
Occurrence
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afrikaans | Standard | daar | 'there' | ||||||||
| Assamese | (as) | 'to do' | An "over-rounded" , with rounding as strong as that for . May also be transcribed . | ||||||||
| Bulgarian | Some Rhodopean dialects | мъж (*măž*) | 'man' | ||||||||
| Dutch | Some dialects | bot | 'bone' | ||||||||
| English | South African | *not* | 'not' | ||||||||
| Conservative Received Pronunciation | Somewhat raised. Contemporary RP speakers pronounce a closer vowel . It is proposed that the vowel of Conservative RP, which is normally described as a rounded vowel, is pronounced by some speakers without rounded lips for whom the characteristic quality is rather one of sulcality. See English phonology | ||||||||||
| Northern English | May be somewhat raised and fronted. | ||||||||||
| Canadian | Lot and thought have the same vowel in Canadian English; see cot–caught merger. | ||||||||||
| *thought* | 'thought' | ||||||||||
| General American | Vowel is lowered (phonetic realization of is much lower in GA than in RP). However, "Short o" before r before a vowel (a short o sound followed by r and then another vowel, as in orange, forest, moral, and warrant) is realized as . | ||||||||||
| Inland Northern American | See Northern Cities Vowel Shift | ||||||||||
| Indian | and differ entirely by length in Indian English. | ||||||||||
| Welsh | Open-mid in Cardiff; may merge with in northern dialects. | ||||||||||
| German | Many speakers | Gourmand | 'gourmand' | ||||||||
| Many Swiss dialects | maane | 'remind' | The example word is from the Zurich dialect, in which is in free variation with the unrounded . | ||||||||
| Istro-Romanian | cåp | 'head' | See Istro-Romanian pronunciation (in Romanian). | ||||||||
| Jeju | (jje) | 'one' | See Jeju phonology | ||||||||
| Malay | Kedah | tua | 'old' | ||||||||
| Mansi | Central/Northern | ам | 'me' | ||||||||
| Neapolitan | Vastese | uâʃtə | 'Vasto' | ||||||||
| Norwegian | Dialects along the Swedish border | hat | 'hate' | ||||||||
| Persian | فارسی (fa) | 'Persian' | |||||||||
| Brazilian Portuguese | Carioca | ova | 'fish roe' | ||||||||
| Slovak | Some speakers | a | 'and' | ||||||||
| Swedish | Gothenburg | jag | 'I' | ||||||||
| Uzbek | Standard{{cite book | last1=Sjoberg | first1=Andrée F. | title=Uzbek Structural Grammar | series=Uralic and Altaic Series | date=1963 | publisher=Indiana University | location=Bloomington | pages=17}} | choy |
Near-open back rounded vowel
In some languages there is the near-open back rounded vowel (a sound between cardinal and {{IPAalink| ɔ}}), which can be transcribed in IPA with or .
Features
Occurrence
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catalan | Balearic (except Ibizan) | dones | 'women' | |
| Valencian (general pronunciation) | ||||
| Valencian (some speakers) | taula | 'table' | Can be realized as unrounded and/or fronted. | |
| Dutch | Leiden | bad | 'bath' | |
| Rotterdam | ||||
| Hungarian | Standard | magyar | 'Hungarian' | |
| Ibibio | dọ | 'marry' | Near-open; typically transcribed in IPA with . | |
| Irish | Ulster | ólann | '(he) drinks' | |
| Lehali | dön̄ | 'yam' | Raised vowel, being the back rounded counterpart of in a symmetrical vowel inventory. | |
| Lemerig | ‘ān̄sār | 'person' | Raised vowel, being the back rounded counterpart of in a symmetrical vowel inventory. | |
| Limburgish | Maastrichtian | plaots | 'place' | |
| Norwegian | Urban East | topp | 'top' | |
| Swedish | Central Standard | ska | 'be going to' | |
| Yoruba | itọju | 'care' | Near-open; most often transcribed in IPA with . |
Notes
References
- {{citation
- {{citation |doi-access=free
- {{citation |author-link=Charles Boberg |editor-last=Schneider |editor-first=Edgar W. |editor2-last=Burridge |editor2-first=Kate |editor3-last=Kortmann |editor3-first=Bernd |editor4-last=Mesthrie |editor4-first=Rajend |editor5-last=Upton |editor5-first=Clive
- {{citation |orig-year=First published 1981
- {{citation |editor-last1=Coupland |editor-first1=Nikolas |editor-last2=Thomas |editor-first2=Alan Richard |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tPwYt3gVbu4C
- {{citation |orig-year=First published 2012
- {{citation |orig-year=First published 1962
- {{citation
- {{citation |doi-access=free
- {{citation |author-link=Alexandre François (linguist) |hdl-access=free
- {{citation |access-date=2016-01-11 |archive-date=2017-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011044945/http://gep.ruhosting.nl/carlos/gussenhoven_aarts.pdf |url-status=dead
- {{citation
- {{citation |editor-last=Schneider |editor-first=Edgar W. |editor2-last=Burridge |editor2-first=Kate |editor3-last=Kortmann |editor3-first=Bernd |editor4-last=Mesthrie |editor4-first=Rajend |editor5-last=Upton |editor5-first=Clive
- {{citation
- {{citation
- {{citation |author-link=Gjert Kristoffersen
- {{citation |orig-year=First published 1997
- {{citation |editor-last=Mesthrie |editor-first=Rajend
- {{citation
- {{citation |doi-access=free
- {{citation
- {{citation
- {{citation |orig-year=First published 1963
- {{citation
- {{citation
- {{Citation
- {{citation |doi-access=free
- {{citation
- {{Citation
- {{citation
- {{citation
- {{citation |editor-last1=Coupland |editor-first1=Nikolas |editor-last2=Thomas |editor-first2=Alan Richard |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tPwYt3gVbu4C
- {{citation |doi-access=free
- {{citation
- {{citation
- {{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415194042/http://www.taalportaal.org/taalportaal/topic/pid/topic-14610909940908011 |archive-date=15 April 2017 |url-status=live |access-date=16 April 2017
References
- {{Vowel terminology
- Lass, Roger. (1984). "Phonology: an introduction to basic concepts".
- (1997). "A national map of the regional dialects of American English". Department of Linguistics, University of Pennsylvania.
- Yang, Changyong. (2020). "Jejueo: the language of Korea's Jeju Island". University of Hawaiʻi Press.
- "Vastesi Language - Vastesi in the World".
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