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OKB

Type of closed research institutions in the Soviet Union

OKB
Summary

Type of closed research institutions in the Soviet Union

Sukhoi Company (JSC) head office/Sukhoi OKB

OKB () is a transliteration of the Russian initials for "Опытно-Конструкторское Бюро" (ru), which translates to "Experimental Design Bureau". It could also mean ru or "Special Design Bureau" in English. During the Soviet era, OKBs were closed institutions working on design and prototyping of advanced technology, usually for military applications. The corresponding English language term for such a bureau's activity is R&D or research and development.

For security, each bureau was only officially identified by a number, but were often semi-officially referenced by the name of its lead designer. For example, OKB-51 was led by Pavel Sukhoi, and it eventually became known as simply Sukhoi. Successful and famous bureaus often retained these names after the departure of their founding designer.

These relatively small state-run organisations were not intended for mass production of aircraft, rockets, or other vehicles or equipment which they designed. However, they usually had the facilities and resources to construct prototypes. Designs accepted by the state were then assigned to factories for mass production.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, many OKBs became Scientific Production Associations (NPOs). There were some attempts to merge them in the 1990s, and there were widespread amalgamations in 2001–2006 to create "national champion" corporations, such as Almaz-Antey to consolidate surface-to-air missile development.

OKBs in aerospace industry

  • KB-1 – NPO Almaz, Vitaly Shabanov
  • OKB-1 – Korolev today RSC Energia
  • OKB-1 – Dr. Brunolf Baade disbanded by 1953
  • OKB-2 – early name of MKB Raduga (OKB-155-2)
  • OKB-3 – Bratukhin
  • OKB-4 – Matus Bisnovat's Design Bureau (different from NPO Molniya)
  • OKB-8 – Novator (long-range SAMs)
  • OKB-19 – Shvetsov, Soloviev. Now: "Perm MKB"
  • OKB-20 – Klimov, Omsk-Motors
  • OKB-21 – Alexeyev
  • OKB-23 – Myasishchev (also OKB-482)
  • OKB-24 – Mikulin
  • OKB-26 – Klimov
  • OKB-39 – Ilyushin
  • OKB-45 – Klimov
  • OKB-47 – Yakovlev originally, transferred to Shcherbakov
  • OKB-49 – Beriev
  • OKB-51 – Sukhoi
  • OKB-52 – Chelomei
  • OKB-86 – Bartini
  • OKB-115 – Yakovlev
  • OKB-117 – Klimov, Izotov
  • OKB-120 – Zhdanov (surname)
  • OKB-124 – N/A (cooling systems for Tu-121)
  • OKB-134 – Vympel
  • OKB-140 – N/A (first hydro-alcohol starter-generators for Tu-121)
  • OKB-153 – Antonov
  • OKB-154 – Kosberg, previously OKB-296
  • OKB-155 – Mikoyan (formerly Mikoyan-Gurevich)
  • OKB-155-2 – (sometimes designated as OKB-2-155) OKB-155 spin-off in Dubna. Gurevich, Berezniak, Isaev... Now MKB Raduga.
  • OKB-156 – Tupolev
  • OKB-165 – Lyulka
  • OKB-207 – Borovkov and Florov (Borovkov-Florov D, Borovkov-Florov I-207)
  • OKB-240 – Yermolaev
  • OKB-246 – OKBM (naval nuclear propulsion)
  • OKB-256 – Tsybin
  • OKB-276 – Kuznetsov
  • OKB-296 – renamed to OKB-154 in 1946 KB Khimavtomatika
  • OKB-300 – Tumansky
  • OKB-301 – Lavochkin
  • OKB-329 – Mil
  • SKB-385 – Makeev
  • OKG-456 – Glushko
  • OKB-458 – Chetverikov
  • OKB-478 – Ivchenko
  • OKB-575 – Kovrov
  • OKB-586 – Yangel
  • OKB-692 – JSC "Khartron" (formerly KB electropriborostroeniya, then NPO "Electropribor")
  • OKB-794 – Leninets
  • OKB-938 – Kamov

References

References

  1. (January 2005). "Rockets and people Volume 1". NASA History Office.
  2. "ПЯТЬ ДЕСЯТИЛЕТИЙ ПАВЛА СОЛОВЬЕВА". Research Institute for the Economics of Aviation Industry (NIIEAP).
  3. "Su-24 Historical Background". [[Sukhoi Company]].
Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

science-and-technology-in-the-soviet-union science-and-technology-in-russia technological-races design-bureaus
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