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Ocean fisheries

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A fishery is an area with an associated fish or aquatic population which is harvested for its commercial value. Fisheries can be wild or farmed. Most of the world's wild fisheries are in the ocean. This article is an overview of ocean fisheries.

Statistics

Oceans occupy 71 percent of the Earth's surface. They are divided into five major oceans, which in decreasing order of size are: the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, and Arctic Ocean. Over 70 percent of the world catch from the sea comes from the Pacific Ocean.

Ocean metricsOceanArea
million km2%Volume
million cu km%Mean depth
kmMax depth
kmCoastline
kmFish capture
million tonnes%
Pacific Ocean155.646.4679.649.64.3710.924135,66384.23471.0
Atlantic Ocean76.822.9313.422.54.088.605111,86624.04520.3
Indian Ocean68.620.4269.319.63.937.25866,52610.1978.6
Southern Ocean20.36.191.56.74.517.23517,9680.1470.1
Arctic Ocean14.14.217.01.21.214.66545,389
Totals335.31370.84.0910.924356,000118.623

Pacific Ocean

[[File:Pacific Ocean.pngrightthumb]]
Pacific seas : StatisticsRegionArea
million km2Volume
million cu kmMean depth
kmMax depth
kmCoastline
kmFish harvest
million tonnesPercent
of total
Celebes Sea0.2806.2
Coral Sea
East China Sea1.249
Philippine Sea
Sea of Japan0.9781.7533.742
South China Sea3.5
Sulu Sea
Tasman Sea
Yellow Sea
Pacific seas: Maps and descriptions
[[File:Celebes See.jpgthumbleftCelebes Sea]]
[[File:Coral Sea Islands.pngthumbleftA map of the Coral Sea Islands.]]
[[File:East China Sea Map.jpgthumbleft]]
[[File:Philippine Sea location.jpgthumbleftThe Philippine Sea]]
[[File:Sea of Japan Map en.pngthumbleft]]
[[File:South China Sea.jpgthumbleft]]
[[File:Palawan in Philippines.svgthumbleft]]
[[File:Tasman Sea.jpgthumbleftMap of the Tasman Sea]]
[[File:Yellow Sea.jpgleftthumb]]

Atlantic Ocean

Atlantic seas : StatisticsRegionArea
million km2Volume
million cu kmMean depth
kmMax depth
kmCoastline
kmFish harvest
million tonnesPercent
of total
Baltic Sea0.3770.210.0550.4598000
Black Sea0.4364
Caribbean Sea2.7547.686
Gulf of Mexico1.64.384
Labrador Sea
Mediterranean Sea2.51.55.26746,000
North Sea0.570.10.7
Norwegian Sea1.382.41.73.97
Scotia Sea0.9
Atlantic seas: Maps and descriptions
[[File:Baltic Sea map.pngthumbleft]]
[[File:Black Sea map.pngthumbleft]]
[[File:Central america (cia).pngthumbleft]]
[[File:GulfofMexico3D.jpgthumbleft]]
[[File:Labrador sea map.pngleftthumb]]
[[File:Mediterranean Relief.jpgthumbleft]]
[[File:Nseamap.gifleftthumb]]
[[File:Norwegian Sea map.pngthumbleft]]
[[File:Scotia Sea.pngthumbleft]]

|}

Indian Ocean

Indian seas : StatisticsRegionArea
million km2Volume
million cu kmMean depth
kmMax depth
kmCoastline
kmFish harvest
million tonnesPercent
of total
Andaman Sea
Arabian Sea
Bay of Bengal
Great Australian Bight
Gulf of Aden
Gulf of Oman
Laccadive Sea
Mozambique Channel
Persian Gulf0.2510.050.09
Red Sea0.440.230.492.211
Indian Seas: Maps and descriptions
[[File:LocationAndamanSea.pngthumbleft]]
[[File:Arabian Sea map.pngthumbleft]]
[[File:Bay of Bengal map.pngthumbleft]]
[[File:Australia.A2002231.0145.250m NASA Nullarbor.jpgthumbleft]]
[[File:Gulf of Aden 3 map.pngthumbleft]]
[[File:LocationGulf of Oman.pngthumbleft]]
The Laccadive Sea lies off the southwest coast of India, north of a line extending from the southern point of Sri Lanka to the southernmost of the Maldive Islands, and east of the Maldives and the Laccadive Islands belonging to India.
[[File:LocationMozambiqueChannel.pngthumbleft]]
[[File:PersianGulf vue satellite du golfe persique.jpgthumbleft]]
[[File:Red Sea map.svgthumbleft]]

|}

Southern Ocean

[[File:Southern Ocean.pngrightthumb]]
Southern seas : StatisticsRegionArea
million km2Volume
million cu kmMean depth
kmMax depth
kmCoastline
kmFish harvest
million tonnesPercent
of total
Amundsen Sea
Bellingshausen Sea
Ross Sea
Cooperation Sea
Cosmonaut Sea
Weddell Sea
Southern seas: Maps and descriptions
[[File:Antarctica Map.pngthumbleft]]
[[File:Alexander Island.PNGthumbleft]]
[[File:Antarctica Map.pngthumbleft]]
The Cooperation Sea
The Cosmonaut Sea
[[File:Antarctica 6400px from Blue Marble.jpgthumbleftAn aerial view of [[Antarctica]]. Weddell Sea is the 'bay' in the top left corner.]]

Arctic Ocean

[[File:Severny ladovy ocean.pngrightthumb]]

Notes

References

References

  1. [http://encarta.msn.com/media_461547746/The_World's_Oceans_and_Seas.html ''The World's Oceans and Seas.''] {{Webarchive. link. (2006-02-24 Encarta. Retrieved 19 April 2008.)
  2. FAO 2005 statistics: [http://www.fao.org/fishery/ Fisheries and Aquaculture.] Includes [[fish]], [[crustacean]]s, and [[mollusc]]s, does not include marine mammals or aquatic plants.
  3. CIA Factbook: [https://web.archive.org/web/20070613024048/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/zn.html ''Pacific ocean.'']
  4. CIA Factbook: [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/oceans/atlantic-ocean/ ''Atlantic ocean.'']
  5. CIA Factbook: [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/oceans/indian-ocean/ ''Indian ocean.'']
  6. CIA Factbook: [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/oceans/southern-ocean/ ''Southern ocean.'']
  7. CIA Factbook: [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/oceans/arctic-ocean/ ''Arctic ocean.'']
  8. Elert, Glenn [http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2001/SyedQadri.shtml ''Volume of Earth's Oceans.''] The Physics Factbook. Retrieved 19 April 2008.
  9. "[http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9374340/Pacific-Ocean Pacific Ocean]". ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica. Britannica Concise]].'' 2006. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
  10. "Tides in Marginal, Semi-Enclosed and Coastal Seas - Part I: Sea Surface Height". ERC-Stennis at Mississippi State University.
  11. [https://web.archive.org/web/20051106040603/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/11/03/ap/tech/mainD8DKNQH80.shtml Bleaching Threatens Caribbean Coral Reefs]. CBS News. URL accessed on April 29, 2006.
  12. [https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3679332.stm Alarm sounded for Caribbean coral]. BBC News. URL accessed on April 29, 2006.
  13. [http://na.nefsc.noaa.gov/lme/text/lme12.htm#fish LME 12: Caribbean Sea] {{webarchive. link. (2006-05-04 NOAA Fisheries Northeast Fisheries Science Center Narragansett Laboratory. URL last accessed May 14, 2006.)
  14. "GULF OF MEXICO". Texas State Historical Association.
  15. Pinet, Paul R. (1996) Invitation to Oceanography, St Paul, MN: West Publishing Co., (3rd ed.), p.202
  16. Pinet, p. 206
  17. Pinet, pp. 206–7
  18. Pinet, p. 207
  19. "Pollution in the Mediterranean Sea. Environmental issues".
  20. "SCADPlus: Barcelona Convention: protecting the Mediterranean Sea".
  21. "Mediterranean Monk Seal Fact Files: Overview".
  22. (2005). "Marine Litter: An analytical overview". United Nations Environment Programme.
  23. [http://www.oceanlight.com/lightbox.php?lr=Bay_of_Bengal Phillip Colla Natural History Photography] URL accessed January 21, 2007
  24. [http://www.newagebd.com/2005/jan/05/nature.html Naturalist: On the swatch of no ground: Mashida R Haider goes to the Bay of Bengal and comes back full of the marine life there] {{webarchive. link. (2010-11-30 URL accessed January 21, 2007)
  25. [http://www.cms.int/reports/small_cetaceans/data/S_attenuata/s_attenuata.htm CMS: Stenella attenuata, Pantropical spotted dolphin] {{webarchive. link. (2007-02-03 URL accessed January 21, 2007)
  26. (2008). "Hydrographic Survey Results". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
  27. (2005). "Red Sea & Gulf of Aden". United Nations Environment Programme.
  28. (2005-07-03). "US Coalition Presence in Gulf Helps Cut Piracy: Commander". Arab News.
  29. FishBase. Ed. Rainer Froese and Daniel Pauly
  30. Siliotti, A. (2002) ''fishes of the red sea'' Verona, Geodia {{ISBN. 88-87177-42-2
  31. Urbina, Ian. (July 28, 2015). "A Renegade Trawler, Hunted for 10,000 Miles by Vigilantes". The New York Times.
  32. NZ National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (2003) [www.niwa.cri.nz/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/29842/fau-2003-06.pdf ''Fisheries & Aquaculture Update.''] No 6. Retrieved 2 May 2008.
  33. [http://psc.apl.washington.edu/HLD/Lomo/OM2001AagaardWoodgate.pdf Some Thoughts on the Freezing and Melting of Sea Ice and Their Effects on the Ocean] K. Aagaard and R. A. Woodgate, Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington, January 2001. Retrieved 7 December 2006.
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