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Obice da 75/18 modello 34

Field	Value
name	Obice da 75/14 modello 34
image	[[Image:Obice da 75-18 modello 34 Herakleion.jpg	300px	Obice de 75/18 modello 34 next to the Battle of Crete Monument in [[Heraklion]] ([[Crete]])]]
origin	Italy
type	Howitzer
is_artillery	yes
service	1934–1945
used_by	Italy
Portugal
wars	World War II
Portuguese Colonial War
designer	Sergio Belese
manufacturer	Ansaldo
number	Approx 600
weight	Mod.34:

{{convert	1065	kg	lb	abbr	on}} Travel
780 kg Combat
<br>Mod.35: <br>{{convert	1832	kg	lb	abbr	on}} Travel
1050 kg Combat
part_length	1.557 m L/20.75
cartridge	75 x 232.5mmR	cartridge_weight = 6.4 kg
caliber	75 mm (2.95 in)
velocity	425 m/s (1,395 ft/s)
max_range	9564 m
carriage	Box trail (Modello 34)
Split trail (Modello 35)
elevation	-10° to +45°
traverse	50°

Portugal Portuguese Colonial War

1065 kg Travel 780 kg Combat

Mod.35: 1832 kg Travel 1050 kg Combat Split trail (Modello 35)

The Obice da 75/18 modello 34 was an Italian artillery piece used during World War II.

History

The Italian army has always had an interest in mountain artillery due to the mountainous terrain of its borders. By the 1930s much of this artillery was obsolescent and overdue for replacement.

In 1934, the Italian firm of Ansaldo produced a new mountain howitzer design, the Obice da 75/18 modello 34, designed by Lt. Colonel Sergio Berlese who served in the Italian artillery. The modello 34 could be broken down into eight loads for transport. In the interest of standardization and logistics a version of the 75/18, the modello 35, was also used as the light howitzer component of normal field batteries. The modello 35 did not break down into smaller loads and had a split, rather than box, trail.

The Modello 34 first saw action in the Spanish Civil War, and later was used in Greece, Yugoslavia, and France. The Modello 35 was mostly used on the Russian Front and in Italy. Weapons captured by Germany were given the designation 7.5 cm GeBH-254(i) (for the Modello 34) and 7.5 cm FH-255(i) (for the Modello 35). The guns were also used by the Republic of Servia.

The Italians sold the modello 35 abroad in order to obtain foreign currency. In 1940 a sizable batch was sold to Portugal, and more went to South American countries in exchange for raw materials.

The Modello 34 was used as the main armament of the Semovente 75/18 self-propelled gun where, due to its "Effetto Pronto" (HEAT) ammunition, it also had an adequate anti-tank capability.

In 1941 some captured pieces were used against the Germans by the forces of the Commonwealth during the Battle of Crete and were probably present in the defence of Maleme airfield. Two of them are currently displayed next to the Battle of Crete monument in Heraklion.

References

^ 44 from the Arsenal of the Royal Army of Piacenza, 100 from the Arsenal of the Royal Army of Naples, 270 from the OTO, 200 pieces from Ansaldo of Pozzuoli, see F. Cappellano, op. cit. cited in page 68.
H, Jim. (March 11, 2010). "Obice da 75/18 Modello 34/35".
Bishop, Chris. (April 14, 2002). "The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II". Sterling Publishing Company, Inc..
https://web.archive.org/web/20181230220515/http://www.italie1935-45.com/regio-esercito/materiels/item/292-obusier-de-75-18
"Obice da 75/18 modello 34/35 Towed Mountain Gun / Field Howitzer".
Giusti, Arturo. (January 25, 2023). "Semovente M40 da 75/18".

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

world-war-ii-mountain-artillery world-war-ii-artillery-of-italy world-war-ii-field-artillery 75-mm-artillery gio.-ansaldo-&-c.-artillery military-equipment-introduced-in-the-1930s

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