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North-West Frontier Province

Former Province of British India and Pakistan

Summary

Former Province of British India and Pakistan

FieldValue
conventional_long_nameNorth-West Frontier Province
common_nameNorth-West Frontier
native_name{{collapsible list
titlestylebackground:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:normal;font-size:84%;
title
{{Infoboxsubboxyesbodystyle=font-size:80%;font-weight:normal;
rowclass1mergedrowlabel1=Urdu:data1=شمال مغربی سرحدی صوبہ
rowclass2mergedrowlabel2=romanised:data2=śamāl maġribī sarhadī sūbāh
rowclass3mergedrowlabel3=Pashto:data3=شمال لویدیځ سرحدي ایالت
rowclass4mergedrowlabel4=romanised:data4=śamāl lawedez sarhadī iyālat
rowclass5mergedrowlabel5=Punjabi:data5=اُترا لہندا سرحدی صوبہ
rowclass6mergedrowlabel6=romanised:data6=Utrā Léhndā Sarhadī Sūbā
image_flagFlag_of_NWFP.svg
image_flag2British_Raj_Red_Ensign_%283-2%29.svg
image_coatFile:Coat_of_arms_of_NWFP.svg
symbol_width60px
symbol_typeCoat of arms (Pakistan)
image_map
map_width250px
alt_mapImages of maps of the North-West Frontier Province
capitalPeshawar
official_languages
languages_typeNative languages
languages
demonymSarhadī
title_leaderChief Commissioner
leader1Harold Arthur Deane (first)
year_leader11901–1908
leader2Ralph Griffith (last)
year_leader21931–1932
title_representativeGovernor
representative1Ralph Griffith (first)
year_representative11932–1937
representative2Owais Ahmed Ghani (last)
year_representative22008–2010
title_deputyChief Minister
deputy1Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum (first)
year_deputy11937
deputy2Haider Khan Hoti (last)
year_deputy22008–2010
legislatureLegislative Council (1932–1937)
Provincial Assembly (1937–1955; 1970–2010)
event_startSeparated from Punjab
year_start1901
date_start9 November
event_endRenamed
year_end2010
date_end19 April
event1Accession to Pakistan
date_event114 August 1947
event2Merged into West Pakistan
date_event214 October 1955
event3Reestablished
date_event31 July 1970
stat_year11970–2010
stat_area174521
stat_year21950–1955
stat_area234267
stat_year31901–1950
stat_area334169
date_format{{ubl
p1Punjab Province (British India)1901:
British Punjab
flag_p1Flag of the Province of Punjab of British India.svg
p2Phulra1950:
Phulra State
flag_p2Flag of Phulra.jpg
p3West Pakistan1970:
West Pakistan
flag_p3Emblem of West Pakistan (green version).svg
p4Hazara Tribal Agency
p5Kohistan region, PakistanKohistan Tribal Area
flag_s1Emblem of West Pakistan (green version).svg
s1West Pakistan1955:
West Pakistan
s2Khyber Pakhtunkhwa2010:
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
flag_s2Khyber Pakhtunkhwa flag.png
todayPakistan

the former province of British India (1901–1947) and Pakistan (1947–1955; 1970–2010)

  • Chief Commissioner's Province of British India (1901–1932)
  • Governor-led province of British India (1932–1947)
  • Province of Pakistan (1947–1955; 1970–2010) |{{Infobox|subbox=yes|bodystyle=font-size:80%;font-weight:normal; Provincial Assembly (1937–1955; 1970–2010) | dd-mm-yyyy British Punjab Phulra State West Pakistan West Pakistan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
  • Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

The North-West Frontier Province (abbr. NWFP), commonly known as Sarhad (), was a province of Pakistan from 1947 to 1955 and from 1970 to 2010; and prior, a province of British India from its establishment in 1901 to Pakistan's independence in 1947. It was established from the north-western districts of British Punjab during the British Raj. Following the referendum in 1947 to join either Pakistan or India, the province voted hugely in favour of joining Pakistan and it acceded accordingly on 14 August 1947. It was dissolved to form a unified province of West Pakistan in 1955 upon promulgation of One Unit Scheme and was reestablished in 1970. It was known by this name until 19 April 2010, when it was dissolved and redesignated as the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa following the enactment of the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan.

The province covered an area of 70709 km2, including much of the current Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province but excluding the Federally Administered Tribal Areas and the former princely states of Amb, Chitral, Dir, Phulra and Swat. Its capital was the city of Peshawar, and the province was composed of six divisions (Bannu, Dera Ismail Khan, Hazara, Kohat, Mardan, and Peshawar Division; Malakand was later added as the seventh division). Until 1947, the province was bordered by five princely states to the north, the minor states of the Gilgit Agency to the northeast, the province of Punjab to the east and the province of Balochistan to the south. The Kingdom of Afghanistan lay to the northwest, with the Federally Administered Tribal Areas forming a buffer zone between the two.

History

Formation

The northwestern frontier areas were annexed by the East India Company after the Second Sikh War (1848–49). The territories thenceforth formed a part of Punjab until the province, then known as North West Frontier Province, was created in 1901 from the north-western districts of the Punjab Province. This region, along with the 'Frontier Tribal Areas', acted as a buffer zone with Afghanistan.

File:Pope1880Panjab3.jpg|The Punjab in 1880 (included areas of the later North-West Frontier Province) File:Map of the North-West Frontier Province and Kashmir from The Imperial Gazetteer of India (1907-1909).jpg|Map of the North-West Frontier Province and Kashmir from The Imperial Gazetteer of India (1907-1909) File:Map of the North-West Frontier Province, British India, published in 'The Panjab, North-West Frontier Province and Kashmir' (1916).jpg|Map of the North-West Frontier Province, British India, published in 'The Panjab, North-West Frontier Province and Kashmir' (1916) File:North-Western India in 1946 map of India by National Geographic.jpg|Map of the North-West Frontier Province and neighbouring regions (National Geographic, 1946)

Inside Pakistan

Before the Partition of India, the 1947 North-West Frontier Province referendum was held in July 1947 to decide the future of NWFP, in which the people of the province decided in favor of joining Pakistan. Chief Minister Dr Khan Sahib, along with his brother Bacha Khan and the Khudai Khidmatgars, boycotted the referendum, citing that it did not have the options of the NWFP becoming independent or joining Afghanistan.

As a separate province, the NWFP lasted until 1955 when it was merged into the new province of West Pakistan, under the One Unit policy announced by Prime Minister Chaudhry Mohammad Ali. It was recreated after the dissolution of the One Unit system and lasted under its old nomenclature until April 2010, when it was renamed the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.

Government

The offices of Governor and Chief Minister of the North-West Frontier Province lasted until 14 October 1955.

TenureGovernors of the North-West Frontier Province
14 August 1947 – 8 April 1948
8 April 1948 – 16 July 1949
16 July 1949 – 14 January 1950
14 January 1950 – 21 February 1950
21 February 1950 – 23 November 1951
24 November 1951 – 17 November 1954
17 November 1954 – 14 October 1955
14 October 1955
TenureChief Ministers of the North-West Frontier ProvincePolitical party
1 April 1937 – 7 September 1937
7 September 1937 – 10 November 1939
10 November 1939 – 25 May 1943
25 May 1943 – 16 March 1945
16 March 1945 – 22 August 1947
14 August 1947
23 August 1947 – 23 April 1953
23 April 1953 – 18 July 1955
19 July 1955 – 14 October 1955

Demographics

| 1855|1209736 | 1868|1713596 | 1881|1955515 | 1891|2281708 | 1901|2050724 | 1911|2196933 | 1921|2251340 | 1931|2425076 | 1941|3038067

Population

Historical population, language, and religious counts in North-West Frontier Province were enumerated in all districts (Hazara, Mardan, Peshawar, Kohat, Bannu, and Dera Ismail Khan), detailed in the population, language, and religious tables above and below. Separate population counts were taken in the Agencies and Tribal Areas, as detailed on the respective article page.

At independence, there was a clear Muslim Pashtun, Hindkowan, and Punjabi majority in the North-West Frontier Province, although there were also significant Hindu and Sikh Pashtun, Hindkowan, and Punjabi minorities scattered across the province.

Census
YearPeshawar
DistrictDera Ismail Khan
DistrictHazara
DistrictBannu
DistrictKohat
DistrictMardan
DistrictNorth-West
Frontier ProvincePop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%18551,209,73618681,713,59618811,955,51518912,281,70819012,050,72419112,196,93319212,251,34019312,425,07619413,038,067
450,099362,041296,364101,232
523,152394,889365,320284,816145,419
592,674441,649407,075332,577181,540
703,768486,201516,288372,276203,175
788,707252,379560,288231,485217,865
865,009256,120603,028250,086222,690
907,367260,767622,349246,734214,123
974,321274,064670,117270,301236,273
851,833298,131796,230295,930289,404506,539

Language

The languages of the North-West Frontier Province included Pashto, Punjabi, Kohistani and others, although most of the population spoke either Pashto or Western Punjabi (primarily Hindko and Saraiki). Prior to the arrival of the British, the official language, for governmental uses and such, was Persian.

Mother
Tongue188118911901191119211931Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Total1,955,5152,281,7082,050,7242,196,9332,251,3402,425,076
Punjabi1,050,0611,226,648876,604916,3651,000,2551,102,905
Pashto870,8161,023,0211,088,6061,221,8591,202,3261,279,471
Hindustani17,64515,68615,59816,9958,81419,221
English4,5545,2044,6015,7209,7627,852
Persian4,0283,9622,8513,4542,3526,030
Kashmiri3,7362,2188215333431,796
Balochi2,51055492
Nepali1,0202,6555,1794,1495,140
Dogri62433667446
Sindhi2041011967
Bengali202106217
Tibetan38
Turkish32151162362
Tamil233768
Gujarati162829711
Marathi1612191
Arabic117125424
German11053
French1449
Chinese02215
Italian02
Portuguese03414
Chitrali7141
Dutch21
Spanish21
Oria1
Turanian1
Armenian02
Russian01
Greek02
Gujari53,02125,66822,637596
Odki30895
Purbi35998
Kohistani117222377
Marwari49
Pashayi16
Danish2
Irish11
Welsh19
Scotch1
Japanese1
East African Dialects02
Other Indo-Aryan or
Dravidian languages06315,8864201,545
Other Asian languages00206
Other European languages0020
Not returned21,239

Districts

DistrictPashtoGreater PunjabiHindustaniEnglishPersianOthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%974,321670,117274,064270,301236,273Total1,279,4711,102,90519,2217,8526,0309,5972,425,076
Peshawar District781,773167,99411,7985,8643,9522,940
Hazara District29,375630,7044,113257245,644
Dera Ismail Khan District53,643217,5614193361,678427
Bannu District228,38139,8141,18155613356
Kohat District186,29946,8321,710839363230
DistrictPashtoGreater PunjabiGujariEnglishHindustaniOthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%907,367622,349260,767246,734214,123Total1,202,3261,000,25522,6379,7628,8147,5462,251,340
Peshawar District738,325153,90407,1376,0411,960
Hazara District31,975562,29822,6373554454,639
Dera Ismail Khan District59,211200,03501,2370284
Bannu District201,59244,773018748134
Kohat District171,22339,24508462,280529
DistrictPashtoGreater PunjabiGujariHindustaniEnglishOthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%865,009603,028256,120250,086222,690Total1,221,859916,36525,66816,9955,72010,3262,196,933
Peshawar District709,465134,9622711,2245,0284,303
Hazara District29,151542,13125,6415151445,446
Dera Ismail Khan District71,015182,13902,531247188
Bannu District218,84529,87501,20412141
Kohat District193,38327,25801,521180348
DistrictPashtoGreater PunjabiGujariHindustaniEnglishOthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%788,707560,288252,379231,485217,865Total1,088,606876,60453,02115,5984,60112,2942,050,724
Peshawar District619,025153,637558,6204,0583,312
Hazara District31,564471,47452,9661,114893,081
Dera Ismail Khan District73,132174,63201,9491592,507
Bannu District195,82033,65601,714124171
Kohat District169,06543,20502,2011713,223

Religion

Religious counts below is for the entirety of NWFP (Hazara, Mardan, Peshawar, Kohat, Bannu, and Dera Ismail Khan). The Agencies and Tribal Areas constituted a separate administrative division where religious composition was not enumerated, except at small Trans-Frontier Posts in the region.

Religious
group18551881189119011911192119311941Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Total Population1,209,7361,955,5152,281,7082,050,7242,196,9332,251,3402,425,0763,038,067
Islam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]1,099,1341,787,3412,088,0151,890,4792,039,9942,062,7862,227,3032,788,797
Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]110,602154,081166,984129,306119,942149,881142,977180,321
Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]9,20521,11025,73330,34528,04042,51057,939
Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]4,7255,4375,1196,58510,61012,21310,889
Jainism [[File:Jain_Prateek_Chihna.svg15px]]106108374301
Zoroastrianism [[File:Faravahar.svg15px]]52484649206024
Buddhism [[File:Dharma_Wheel_(2).svg15px]]00000225
Judaism [[File:Star_of_David.svg15px]]441401171
Others5200000

Adherents of Islam who were indigenous to frontier regions that continued to have relatively large Hindu populations, and who were also relatively recent converts, were influenced by some traditions of Hinduism; in contrast, Muslims in frontier regions that had been further influenced by orthodox Islam and converted at a much earlier date were noted in their relatively different cultural habits.

Similarly, adherents of Hinduism who belonged to the various castes and tribes who were indigenous to the frontier regions had considerable Islamic influence, owing to their status as a religious minority in the region for centuries, and thus formed religious syncretism that incorporated aspects from both faiths into their cultures and traditions.

Lastly, decadal census reports throughout the colonial era frequently detailed the difficulty of differentiating adherents of Hinduism with adherents of Sikhism, owing to the traditional ability of the former in assimilating and integrating followers of varied thought into Hinduism.

Districts

With rapid population growth occurring across all districts in the province, Mardan District was added to the North–West Frontier Province in 1941.

DistrictIslam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]OthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%851,833796,230506,539298,131295,930289,404Total2,788,797180,32157,93910,8891213,038,067
Peshawar District769,58951,21224,0306,890112
Hazara District756,00430,2679,2207372
Mardan District483,57510,67711,8384490
Dera Ismail Khan District255,75739,1672,3908107
Bannu District257,64831,4716,1126990
Kohat District266,22417,5274,3491,3040
DistrictIslam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]OthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%974,321670,117274,064270,301236,273Total2,227,303142,97742,51012,213732,425,076
Peshawar District898,68342,32124,2718,97472
Hazara District636,79425,2607,6304321
Dera Ismail Khan District235,70735,8221,8786570
Bannu District237,67426,1815,4829640
Kohat District218,44513,3933,2491,1860
DistrictIslam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]OthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%907,367622,349260,767246,734214,123Total2,062,786149,88128,04010,610232,251,340
Peshawar District836,22248,14415,3267,65223
Hazara District591,05826,0384,8504030
Dera Ismail Khan District218,31539,3111,9041,2370
Bannu District219,69523,5093,2862440
Kohat District197,49612,8792,6741,0740
DistrictIslam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]OthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%592,674441,649407,075332,577181,540Total1,787,341154,0819,2054,7251631,955,515
Peshawar District546,11739,3213,1034,08845
Dera Ismail Khan District385,24454,4461,69125315
Hazara District385,75919,8431,381902
Bannu District301,00230,6437908260
Kohat District169,2199,8282,24021241
DistrictAbrahamic religions & Others
(Islam, Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, others)Dharmic religions
(Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism, Buddhism, others)TotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%450,099362,041296,364101,232Total1,099,134110,6021,209,736
Peshawar District403,53446,565
Dera Ismail Khan District323,07138,970
Hazara District276,92719,437
Kohat District95,6025,630

Tehsils

TehsilIslam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]OthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%389,329308,518299,384244,246243,203218,258207,155187,854187,598187,585114,616112,709108,33262,07955,66454,88247,9168,739Total2,788,797180,32157,9295,4265,5833,038,067
Peshawar Tehsil335,87133,55115,4542,6181,835
Abbottabad Tehsil284,22817,5586,035278419
Mardan Tehsil281,1618,7099,09136063
Charsadda Tehsil239,6342,5331,94012712
Mansehra Tehsil237,3064,910965220
Nowshera Tehsil194,08415,1286,6366521,758
Swabi Tehsil202,4141,9682,7471610
Haripur Tehsil178,5457,2782,011146
Bannu Tehsil157,09724,5175,285467232
Dera Ismail Khan Tehsil155,10030,0651,740195485
Kohat Tehsil100,8689,1563,613596383
Teri Tehsil110,1462,46286015
Marwat Tehsil100,5516,95481700
Hangu Tehsil55,2105,9096500310
Tank Tehsil49,8475,2794018156
Kulachi Tehsil50,8103,82324900
Amb Tehsil47,28843319500
Phulra Tehsil8,637881400
TehsilIslam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]OthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%278,947253,779208,660198,561177,860171,019169,735161,882160,542158,411108,419103,01188,31051,85151,19444,95231,2996,644Total2,227,303142,97742,51012,213732,425,076
Peshawar Tehsil240,64223,5389,7364,99140
Abbottabad Tehsil235,45413,3784,5993471
Mansehra Tehsil203,3744,308966120
Mardan Tehsil187,1805,9415,1742660
Charsadda Tehsil173,9702,1451,653920
Dera Ismail Khan Tehsil143,55925,9828945840
Haripur Tehsil160,6307,0162,019700
Bannu Tehsil138,15217,7894,9799620
Nowshera Tehsil142,9629,2714,6783,59932
Swabi Tehsil153,9291,4263,030260
Marwat Tehsil99,5228,39250320
Teri Tehsil100,1792,78827170
Kohat Tehsil77,4087,6152,1841,1030
Kulachi Tehsil46,7094,73141010
Tank Tehsil45,4395,109574720
Hangu Tehsil40,8582,9901,038660
Amb Tehsil30,7425094530
Phulra Tehsil6,59449100
TehsilIslam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]OthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%263,228232,034200,879171,642164,438161,981159,242156,017148,817142,535104,19992,23777,17159,63745,11344,71521,7545,701Total2,062,786149,88128,04010,610232,251,340****
Peshawar Tehsil225,89725,4148,2233,67123
Abbottabad Tehsil214,72013,5803,3443900
Mansehra Tehsil195,8124,59246870
Mardan Tehsil161,7266,8462,8741960
Charsadda Tehsil161,4062,183787620
Haripur Tehsil153,6457,36296860
Swabi Tehsil155,1163,0631,06210
Dera Ismail Khan Tehsil129,91924,6858845290
Nowshera Tehsil132,07710,6382,3803,7220
Bannu Tehsil123,38416,1302,7772440
Marwat Tehsil96,3117,37950900
Teri Tehsil89,9242,23945290
Kohat Tehsil67,5356,4152,1951,0260
Tank Tehsil47,89510,2248117070
Kulachi Tehsil40,5014,40220910
Hangu Tehsil40,0374,225434190
Amb Tehsil21,2444407000
Phulra Tehsil5,63764000

Cities

City/Urban AreaIslam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]OthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%173,42051,30644,97744,02242,49438,50427,42416,84513,49612,90610,21710,14110,1299,3229,0899,0078,8407,9886,4145,315337Total
Urban
population365,877134,38241,3995,1605,335552,193
Peshawar122,97231,63014,2452,5861,987
Dera Ismail Khan26,42422,8151,412195460
Kohat32,1118,2503,562445609
Nowshera28,1329,8314,2534121,394
Mardan30,3015,8516,01428246
Bannu10,69622,1754,894467232
Abbottabad12,19211,8862,680298368
Charsadda15,747745294545
Parang13,4942000
Tangi12,456444240
Mansehra8,1411,69937520
Lakki5,8833,71054800
Utmanzai9,76818217180
Haripur5,1743,1131,03500
Tank5,5313,2961816615
Risalpur3,5063,9371,024333207
Kulachi6,6102,09213800
Baffa7,1667358160
Nawan Shehr5,0751,03030900
Kot Najibullah4,22892915620
Cherat2703025012
City/Urban AreaIslam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]OthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%121,86640,33134,35030,53928,96626,27916,16511,53710,2278,6898,4258,0167,7037,6537,2576,4215,7805,130843Total
Urban
population256,18993,12725,37711,41173386,177
Peshawar86,36921,9738,6304,85440
Dera Ismail Khan22,32116,7617085410
Kohat24,3886,7092,1521,1010
Bannu10,60715,0363,9479490
Nowshera19,6624,6753,0421,56027
Mardan19,5793,6052,9271680
Abbottabad7,0267,7531,0393461
Charsadda10,703519287280
Parang10,21116000
Tangi8,320362700
Kulachi6,1152,18212800
Risalpur3,1702,9003141,6293
Lakki4,6302,80526800
Haripur4,2532,693696110
Baffa6,4097628600
Tank3,9292,24424080
Mansehra4,2171,09146930
Nawan Shehr3,88488336300
Cherat396158742132
City/Urban AreaIslam [[File:Star and Crescent.svg15px]]Hinduism [[File:Om.svg15px]]Sikhism [[File:Khanda.svg15px]]Christianity [[File:Christian cross.svg15px]]OthersTotalPop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%104,45239,34127,85327,74222,26113,62010,93010,84610,2329,8869,8438,4997,8957,6037,4766,1285,8895,092261Total
Urban
population212,51194,66218,7379,91623335,849
Peshawar73,88220,9816,1523,41423
Dera Ismail Khan21,05617,0777244840
Kohat18,8985,7962,1391,0200
Nowshera18,3356,1921,3191,8960
Bannu6,37613,2222,4212420
Abbottabad5,0077,3468793880
Mardan5,8903,2201,6791410
Tank6,0434,1973442620
Charsadda9,7104843080
Parang9,86916100
Tangi9,528314100
Risalpur2,7213,3696011,8080
Kulachi5,6492,1628400
Baffa6,7038613900
Lakki4,4632,54347000
Jamrud1,5073,1141,2542530
Haripur2,9072,63634600
Nawan Shehr3,7941,05224600
Cherat17380800

Castes and tribes

Caste or
Tribe19311941Pop.%Pop.%PathanAwanGujarTanoliSayyidJatAroraSwathiTarkhanJulahaDhundBaluchKhatriLoharBaghbanQureshiKarlalMochiKumharKashmiriNaiBrahmanMughalRajputSheikhDhobiQassabMirasiSararaSonarChuhraParacha &
BanjaraTeliGakharMaliarMallahBhatiaArainMashwaniRangrezTurkBhatiaraKhojaGurkhaMachhiChamarPenjaraDarziJhinwarOthers or
Not StatedTotal2,425,0763,038,067
905,122795,400
280,995178,896
121,170114,746
86,003113,850
81,97271,271
73,91943,041
60,28317,817
46,55637,245
45,088
40,055
39,322
37,145
33,80413,946
28,968
28,422
27,211
27,185
26,628
23,109
21,704
17,178
16,37913,478
16,047
14,681
13,046
11,699
11,534
10,869
9,984
9,532
8,4443,838
8,259
7,174
7,098
6,622
6,578
6,522
6,480
6,084
5,703
5,277
4,998
4,986
4,565
4,130
2,90112,990
2,573
2,177
1,108
157,7871,621,549

Notes

References

Bibliography

  • The Imperial Gazetteer of India (26 vol, 1908–31), a highly detailed description of all of India in 1901. online edition

References

  1. Shāh, Sayyid Vaqār ʻAlī. (2007). "North-West Frontier Province: History and Politics". National Institute of Historical & Cultural Research, Centre of Excellence, Quaid-i-Azam University.
  2. "Khyber Pakhtunkhwa {{!}} province, Pakistan".
  3. (5 August 2008). "The Dust of Empire: The Race For Mastery in the Asian Heartland – Karl E. Meyer – Google Boeken".
  4. (25 December 2011). "Was Jinnah democratic? – II".
  5. Ben Cahoon, WorldStatesmen.org. "Pakistan Provinces".
  6. (1855). "Report on the census, taken on the 1st January 1855, of the population of the Punjab Territories; Papers connected with the administration of Mysore".
  7. (1881). "Census of India, 1881 Report on the Census of the Panjáb Taken on the 17th of February 1881, vol. II.".
  8. (1891). "The Punjab and its feudatories, part II--Imperial Tables and Supplementary Returns for the British Territory".
  9. (1901). "Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province.".
  10. (1911). "Census of India 1911. Vol. 13, North-west Frontier Province : part I, Report; part II, Tables.".
  11. (1921). "Census of India 1921. Vol. 14, North-west Frontier Province : part I, Report; part II, Tables.".
  12. (1933). "Census of India, 1931, vol. XV. North-west frontier province. Part I-Report. Part II-Tables". Peshawar, Printed by the manager, Government stationery and printing, 1933..
  13. (1941). "Census of India, 1941. Vol. 10, North-West Frontier Province".
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