National Radical Camp (1993)

Ideology

The modern National Radical Camp, like its predecessors, is fascist. The United Nations Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination considers the organization a fascist group promoting racial and national hatred and has called on Poland to de-legalize it by enforcing its constitutional ban on such groups. In 2021, Poland’s Supreme Court ruled that the National Radical Camp could be called fascist.

The party flag of the organization was included in the police handbook as an explicitly racist symbol and has made usage of the Celtic Cross, an old symbol appropriated by neo-Nazis. The Interior Ministry subsequently pulled the book from circulation after a complaint from MP Adam Andruszkiewicz.

In 2015, an ONR demonstration ended with the burning of an effigy of an ultra-Orthodox Jew. Proceedings were opened for violating laws against "insulting people based on religion, ethnicity, race or nationality".

In 2019, the Lublin-Południe District Prosecutor's Office opened proceedings against ONR for "public propagation of a totalitarian regime" after they published a Tweet celebrating Belgian fascist and SS officer Léon Degrelle.

Marches

Myślenice rallies

ONR attracted publicity in 2005, 2007, 2008 and 2009 for unauthorized marches during the anniversary of the anti-Jewish riot in Myślenice in 1936. In 2005 the group had a couple of hundred members.

An illegal rally held on June 30, 2007 resulted in a court case, in which the ONR leader, Wojciech Mazurkiewicz, was acquitted only because the magistrate warning was issued too late, according to the presiding judge. The 2008 rally led by the same ONR leader was taped by police with the intention of sharing the video with the local prosecutors office according to Lesser Poland Police.

ONR members at a 2008 rally in Myślenice made a Roman salute before disbanding. When questioned by reporters at the scene, the ONR leader claimed it is different from the Nazi salute.

Independence Day marches

The association has also been known as initiators of marches during the National Independence Day of Poland. One of them (in Warsaw), as a co-initiative of several different nationalist movements in 2010, evolved in 2012 into one of the biggest events during the day, which now attracts a more diverse community. Since 2012, it has been organized by a registered association which was founded and is co-chaired by ONR.

On 11 November 2017, 60,000 people marched in an Independence Day celebration procession co-organized by the ONR along with the All-Polish Youth. People from the group "Black Block", which consisted of associations "Niklot" and "Szturmowcy", carried banners that read "White Europe", "Europe Will Be White" and "Clean Blood". There were also others who were chanting "Death to enemies of the homeland" and "Catholic Poland, not secular". Foreign guests included self-identified Italian fascist Roberto Fiore, Slovak neo-Nazi MP Milan Mazurek, and several members of Hungary's far-right Jobbik party. American white supremacist Richard Spencer planned to speak at the march, but was banned from doing so, with the Ministry announcing in a later statement that Spencer's views were "in conflict with the legal order of Poland". The march was cited in a European Parliament resolution that called for member states to act decisively against far-right extremism.

For the march in 2018, the Italian neo-fascist party Forza Nuova was invited. Far-right activists and groups from Hungary, Estonia, Belarus, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, USA and Portugal joined the event in 2021 and formed the "Nationalistic Column" with Polish far-right organizations and movements, including but not limited to: "Trzecia Droga", "Szturmowcy"", Autonomiczni Nacjonaliści, All-Polish Youth, National Rebirth of Poland and the ONR.

References

References

1. "LGBT".
2. (10 November 2017). "Polish far-right march goes global, drawing people from afar". Associated Press.
3. (23 June 2008). "ROP: in the Myślenice the ONR propagated fascism". [[Polish Press Agency]].
4. (7 May 2017). "Between fascism and Nazism. We are analyzing the ONR point-to-point statement with the extreme right-wing researcher".
5. "Association of the National Radical Camp". National Court Register.
6. Christian Davies. (November 11, 2018). "Poland's president addresses far right at independence march". Guardian.
7. {{in lang. link. (30 May 2011 [[WIEM Encyklopedia]])
8. (23 June 2008). "ROP: in the Myślenice the ONR propagated fascism". [[Polish Press Agency]].
9. (7 May 2017). "Between fascism and Nazism. We are analyzing the ONR point-to-point statement with the extreme right-wing researcher".
10. (2019-09-18). "Komitet ONZ apeluje o delegalizację m.in. Młodzieży Wszechpolskiej i ONR-u. "Promują nienawiść" [UN Committee calls for the banning of, inter alia, All-Polish Youth and ONR. "They promote hatred"]".
11. S.A, Telewizja Polska. "UN Committee calls on Poland to delegalise radical right groups".
12. (28 February 2021). "Far-right group can be called "fascist", rules Poland's Supreme Court". Notes from Poland.
13. (www.dw.com), Deutsche Welle. "Poland: Racism on the rise {{!}} Europe {{!}} DW.COM {{!}} 17.12.2016".
14. Sokol, Sam. (2015-11-19). "Jew burned in effigy by Polish anti-migrant demonstrators".
15. Keating, Joshua. (2015-11-20). "Anti-Refugee Polish Nationalists Didn't Get the Message That They're Not Supposed to Hate Jews Anymore".
16. (2019-06-26). "ONR upamiętnił urodziny belgijskiego oficera SS. Prokuratura wszczęła śledztwo".
17. Bartłomiej Kuraś, [http://miasta.gazeta.pl/krakow/1,44425,5338606,Bezkarne_gesty_ONR_u_w_Myslenicach.html Bezkarne gesty ONR-u w Myślenicach] Source: [[Gazeta Wyborcza]] [[Kraków]]. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
18. "Zeitschrift OSTEUROPA {{!}} Fiddler as a Fig Leaf".
19. "ONR po raz czwarty". Miasto-info.pl - Myślenice oczami mieszkańców.
20. (2005). "Poland 2005". [[Stephen Roth Institute]], [[Tel Aviv University]].
21. Bartłomiej Kuraś. (2008-05-28). "Myślenice: wyrok po myśli ONR-u". Gazeta Wyborcza Kraków.
22. {{in lang. January 24, 2013.
23. PAP (2008-06-21), [http://www.dziennik.pl/wydarzenia/article195823 Faszystowskie gesty w Myślenicach.] {{Webarchive. link. (16 April 2013 ''Dziennik.pl'' Kraj. Retrieved January 25, 2013.)
24. (12 November 2014). "Transmisja Marszu Niepodległości (Video coverage of the event by a Catholic publisher)". Radio Maryja.
25. "Historia Marszu Niepodległości (The history of The Independence March)".
26. "Stowarzyszenie Marsz Niepodległości (The Association [of] The Independence March)".
27. (2017-11-12). "White nationalists call for ethnic purity at Polish demonstration". POLITICO.
28. (11 November 2017). "60,000 join far-right march on Poland's Independence Day". Associated Press.
29. (11 November 2017). "Polish Nationalist Youth March Draws Thousands in Capital". The Wall Street Journal.
30. (12 November 2017). "Nationalist protesters disrupt Poland independence day events". CNN.
31. Charnysh, Volha. (2018-01-19). "The Rise of Poland's Far Right". Foreign Affairs.
32. (2017-11-12). "Poland nationalist rally with neo-Nazi slogans, calls for 'Islamic holocaust' draws biggest crowd ever". Newsweek.
33. (27 October 2017). "Poland to white nationalist Richard Spencer: keep out". The Guardian.
34. (8 November 2018). "Polish reputation at stake over banned neo-Nazi march".
35. (8 November 2018). "Ban overturned on Polish independence march by nationalists". BBC News.
36. Davies, Christian. (2018-11-11). "Poland's president addresses far right at independence march". The Guardian.
37. Bill, Stanley. (9 November 2019). "Nationalism or patriotism? Poland's March of Independence".
38. (17 December 2021). "Nazizm pod flagą biało-czerwoną".
39. (12 November 2021). "Marsz Niepodległości 2021: Nacjonalistyczna kolumna".