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National colours
Colours that represent a nation
Colours that represent a nation
National colours are frequently part of a country's set of national symbols. Many states and nations have formally adopted a set of colours as their official "national colours" while others have de facto national colours that have become well known through popular use. National colours often appear on a variety of different media, from the nation's flag to the colours used in sports. Before World War I, they also served as the colours of different military uniforms for each nation or region.
Africa
| Country | Flag | Primary | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| colours | Secondary | |||||
| colours | Primary | Secondary | Further | |||
| information | ||||||
| Algeria | Algeria | Green, white and red | National colours of Algeria | |||
| Angola | Angola | Red, black and yellow | National colours of Angola | |||
| Benin | Benin | Green, yellow and red | National colours of Benin | |||
| Botswana | Botswana | Light blue, black and white | National colours of Botswana | |||
| Burkina Faso | Burkina Faso | Red, green and yellow | National colours of Burkina Faso | |||
| Burundi | Burundi | Red, white and green | National colours of Burundi | |||
| Cameroon | Cameroon | Green, red and yellow | National colours of Cameroon | |||
| Cape Verde | Cape Verde | Blue, white, red and yellow | National colours of Cape Verde | |||
| Central African Republic | Central African Republic | Blue, white, green, yellow and red | ||||
| National colours of Central African Republic | ||||||
| Chad | Chad | Blue, yellow and red | National colours of Chad | |||
| Comoros | Comoros | Yellow, white, red, blue and green | ||||
| National colours of Comoros | ||||||
| Congo, Democratic Republic of the | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Blue, yellow and red | National colours of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) | |||
| Congo, Republic of the | Republic of the Congo | Green, yellow and red | National colours of Congo Republic | |||
| Djibouti | Djibouti | Light blue, green, white and red | National colours of Djibouti | |||
| Egypt | Egypt | Red, white and black | Gold | National colours of Egypt | ||
| Equatorial Guinea | Equatorial Guinea | Green, white, red and blue | National colours of Equatorial Guinea | |||
| Eritrea | Eritrea | Green, blue, red and yellow | National colours of Eritrea | |||
| Eswatini (Swaziland) | Swaziland | Blue, yellow, red, black and white | ||||
| National colours of Eswatini | ||||||
| Ethiopia | Ethiopia | Green, yellow, red and blue | National colours of Ethiopia | |||
| Gabon | Gabon | Green, yellow and blue | ||||
| Gambia | Gambia | Red, blue, green and white | ||||
| Ghana | Ghana | Red, yellow, green and black | Black and white (used in sports) | |||
| Guinea | Guinea | Red, yellow and green | ||||
| Guinea-Bissau | Guinea-Bissau | Red, yellow, green and black | ||||
| Ivory Coast | Ivory Coast | Orange, white and green | ||||
| Kenya | Kenya | Black, red, green and white | ||||
| Lesotho | Lesotho | Blue, white, green and black | ||||
| Liberia | Liberia | Red, white and blue | ||||
| Libya | Libya | Red, black, green and white | ||||
| Madagascar | Madagascar | Red, green and white | ||||
| Malawi | Malawi | Black, red and green | ||||
| Mali | Mali | Green, yellow and red | ||||
| Mauritania | Mauritania | Green, yellow and red | ||||
| Mauritius | Mauritius | Red, blue, yellow and green | ||||
| Morocco | Morocco | Red and green | ||||
| Mozambique | Mozambique | Green, yellow, red, black and white | ||||
| Namibia | Namibia | Blue, red, green, white and yellow | ||||
| Niger | Niger | Orange, white and green | ||||
| Nigeria | Nigeria | Green and white | ||||
| Rwanda | Rwanda | Sky blue, yellow and green | ||||
| São Tomé and Príncipe | São Tomé and Príncipe | Green, yellow, red and black | ||||
| Senegal | Senegal | Green, yellow and red | ||||
| Seychelles | Seychelles | Blue, yellow, red, white and green | ||||
| Sierra Leone | Sierra Leone | Green, white and blue | ||||
| Somalia | Somalia | Blue and white | ||||
| South Africa | South Africa | Red, green, blue, gold, black and white | Green and gold (used in sports) | |||
| South Sudan | South Sudan | Black, red, green, blue, yellow and white | ||||
| Sudan | Sudan | Red, white, black and green | ||||
| Tanzania | Tanzania | Green, yellow, blue and black | ||||
| Togo | Togo | Green, yellow, red and white | ||||
| Tunisia | Tunisia | Red and white | ||||
| Uganda | Uganda | Black, yellow and red | ||||
| Zambia | Zambia | Green, red, black and orange | ||||
| Zimbabwe | Zimbabwe | Green, yellow, red, black and white |
North America
| Country | Flag | Primary | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| colours | Secondary | |||||||||||||||||
| colours | Primary | Secondary | Further | |||||||||||||||
| information | ||||||||||||||||||
| Antigua and Barbuda | Antigua and Barbuda | Red, white, blue, black and yellow | ||||||||||||||||
| Bahamas | Bahamas | Aquamarine, yellow and black | ||||||||||||||||
| Barbados | Barbados | Ultramarine, gold and black | ||||||||||||||||
| Belize | Belize | Blue, red and white | Sky blue (used in sports) | |||||||||||||||
| Canada | Canada | Red and white | Black (only used in sports) | National colours of Canada | ||||||||||||||
| Costa Rica | Costa Rica | Blue, white and red | Black (used in sports) | |||||||||||||||
| Cuba | Cuba | Blue, white and red | Black | |||||||||||||||
| Dominica | Dominica | Green, yellow, black, white and red | Blue (used in sports) | |||||||||||||||
| Dominican Republic | Dominican Republic | Blue, white and red | ||||||||||||||||
| El Salvador | El Salvador | Blue and white | ||||||||||||||||
| Grenada | Grenada | Green, yellow and red | ||||||||||||||||
| Guatemala | Guatemala | Blue and white | Navy blue and green-blue | |||||||||||||||
| Haiti | Haiti | url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2230.html | chapter=National Symbols | title=The World Factbook | date=2014 | publisher=Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Public Affairs | location=Washington, DC | edition=52nd | isbn=978-0-16-092553-5 | oclc=913577992 | access-date=2015-05-02 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108112336/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2230.html | archive-date=2016-11-08 | url-status=dead }} | ||||
| Honduras | Honduras | Turquoise blue and white | Navy blue and midnight blue | |||||||||||||||
| Jamaica | Jamaica | Green, gold and black | ||||||||||||||||
| Mexico | Mexico | Green, white and red | Black, Indian red, magenta and lime green (used only in sports) | |||||||||||||||
| Nicaragua | Nicaragua | Blue and white | Gold and denim (used only in sports) | |||||||||||||||
| Panama | Panama | Blue, white and red | Midnight blue and cadet blue (used only in sports) | |||||||||||||||
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Saint Kitts and Nevis | Green, red and white | Gold and black | |||||||||||||||
| Saint Lucia | Saint Lucia | Light blue, yellow, black and white | Blue (only in sports) | |||||||||||||||
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Blue, yellow and green | ||||||||||||||||
| Trinidad and Tobago | Trinidad and Tobago | Red, white and black | Maroon (only in sports) | |||||||||||||||
| United States | United States | Red, white and blue | List of U.S. state colors |
Sub-national colours
| Country, nation or region | Flag | Primary colours | Secondary colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anguilla | Anguilla | Orange, blue and white | ||||
| Aruba | Aruba | Yellow, cerulean, white, red | ||||
| Bermuda | Bermuda | Red, blue and white | Prussian blue (used in sports) | |||
| Bonaire | Bonaire | Yellow, blue and white | ||||
| British Virgin Islands | British Virgin Islands | Green, yellow and white | ||||
| Cayman Islands | Cayman Islands | Blue, red and white | ||||
| Curaçao | Curaçao | Blue, yellow and white | ||||
| Guadeloupe | GPE | Green, red and white | Black | |||
| Martinique | Martinique | Red, green and black | Blue and white | |||
| Montserrat | Montserrat | Black, green, dark blue, red and white | ||||
| New Brunswick | New Brunswick | Pine green, navy blue and white | See Flag of New Brunswick | |||
| Puerto Rico | Puerto Rico | Red, white and blue | ||||
| Quebec | Quebec | Royal Blue and white | See Flag of Quebec | |||
| Saint Martin | Saint-Martin | Yellow and blue | Dark blue, red and white | |||
| Saint Pierre et Miquelon | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | Blue, white and red | ||||
| Sint Maarten | Sint Maarten | Red, blue and white | ||||
| Turks and Caicos | Turks and Caicos | Blue, light blue, red and white | Green sheen (only in sports) | |||
| US Virgin Islands | ISV | White, yellow and blue | Light blue (used only in sports) |
South America
| Country | Flag | Primary | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| colours | Secondary | |||||
| colours | Primary | Secondary | Further | |||
| information | ||||||
| Argentina | Argentina | Light blue and white | Blue and black (used in sports) | |||
| Bolivia | Bolivia | Red, yellow and green | White (used in sports) | |||
| Brazil | Brazil | Green and yellow | Blue and white | |||
| Chile | Chile | Red, white and blue | ||||
| Colombia | Colombia | Yellow, blue and red | Dark blue and white (used in sports) | |||
| Ecuador | Ecuador | Yellow, blue and red | Sky blue (used in sports) | |||
| French Guiana | France | Yellow and green | Blue (used in sports) | |||
| Guyana | Guyana | Yellow and green | Red and black | |||
| Paraguay | Paraguay | Red, white and blue | Blue grey (used in sports) | |||
| Peru | Peru | Red and white | ||||
| Suriname | Suriname | White and green | Red and gold | |||
| Uruguay | Uruguay | Blue and white | Light blue (used in sports) | Artigas flag, Flag of the Treinta y Tres | ||
| Venezuela | Venezuela | Yellow, blue and red | Burgundy, khaki, white and neon yellow (used in sports) |
Asia
| Country | Flag | Primary | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| colours | Secondary | |||||
| colours | Primary | Secondary | Further | |||
| information | ||||||
| Afghanistan | Afghanistan | Black, red, green and white | Blue (Sports) | |||
| Bahrain | Bahrain | Red and white | ||||
| Bangladesh | Bangladesh | Red and green | White (football) | Bangladesh First Flag of Bangladesh (1971) | ||
| Bhutan | Bhutan | Orange, gold and white | ||||
| Brunei | Brunei | Yellow, black, white and red | Blue and green (football) | |||
| Cambodia | Cambodia | Red and blue | Black (football) | |||
| China | China | Red and yellow | Dark blue, black and white (sports) | |||
| Georgia | Georgia (country) | Red and white | ||||
| India | India | Saffron orange, blue, white and green | Sky blue (sports) | |||
| Indonesia | Indonesia | Red and white | Green (sports) | |||
| Iran | Iran | Green, white and red | Black | |||
| Iraq | Iraq | Red, white, black and green | ||||
| Israel | Israel | Blue and white | National colours of Israel | |||
| Japan | Japan | Red and white | Black (sports); Blue, white and spring bud (only used in football) | |||
| Jordan | Jordan | Black, white, green and red | ||||
| Kazakhstan | Kazakhstan | Blue and gold | White and black (sports) | |||
| Korea, North | ||||||
| (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) | North Korea | Red, white and blue | ||||
| Korea, South | ||||||
| (Republic of Korea) | South Korea | White, red, blue and black | ||||
| Kuwait | Kuwait | Green, white, red and black | Blue and red (sports) | |||
| Kyrgyzstan | Kyrgyzstan | Red and yellow | ||||
| Laos | Laos | Red, blue and white | Black, gold and sky blue (football) | |||
| Lebanon | Lebanon | Red, white and green | ||||
| Malaysia | Malaysia | Gold and black | Red, white, dark blue and gold | |||
| Maldives | Maldives | Red and white | Green and blue (football) | |||
| Mongolia | Mongolia | Blue, red and yellow | White (sports) | |||
| Myanmar | Myanmar | Yellow, green, red and white | ||||
| Nepal | Nepal | Crimson, blue and white | ||||
| Oman | Oman | Red, white and green | Gold | |||
| Pakistan | Pakistan | Green and white | Lime green and gold (sports) | |||
| Philippines | Philippines | Blue, red, white and yellow | ||||
| Qatar | Qatar | Maroon and white | ||||
| Saudi Arabia | Saudi Arabia | Green and white | Lavender | |||
| Singapore | Singapore | Red and white | Blue (football) | |||
| Sri Lanka | Sri Lanka | Blue and yellow | Maroon, yellow, orange, green (flag colours) and white | |||
| Syria | Syria | Red, white, black and green | Grey and gold | |||
| Tajikistan | Tajikistan | Red, white and green | ||||
| Thailand | Thailand | Red, white and blue | Royal yellow, royal purple and blue sapphire | Royal flags of Thailand | ||
| Timor-Leste | East Timor | Red, yellow, black and white | ||||
| Turkmenistan | Turkmenistan | Green and white | Sand | |||
| United Arab Emirates | United Arab Emirates | Red, green, white and black | Gold and blue | |||
| Uzbekistan | Uzbekistan | Blue, white, green and red | Black (sports) | |||
| Vietnam | Vietnam | Yellow and red | Blue and White (sports) | |||
| Yemen | Yemen | Red, white and black |
Sub-national colours
| Country, nation or region | Flag | Primary colours | Secondary colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hong Kong | Hong Kong | Red and white | Black and grey | |||
| Macau | Macau | Green and white | White and dark blue (sports) |
Europe
| Country | Flag | Primary | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| colours | Secondary | ||||||||||||||
| colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information | ||||||||||||
| Albania | Albania | Red and black | |||||||||||||
| Andorra | Andorra | Blue, yellow and red | |||||||||||||
| Armenia | Armenia | Red, blue and orange | |||||||||||||
| Austria | Austria | Red and white | |||||||||||||
| Azerbaijan | Azerbaijan | Sky blue, red and green | |||||||||||||
| Belarus | Belarus | Red, green and white | |||||||||||||
| Belgium | Belgium | Red | Black and yellow; Light blue (used in sports) | ||||||||||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Blue and gold | White (used in football) | ||||||||||||
| Bulgaria | Bulgaria | White, green and red | |||||||||||||
| Croatia | Croatia | Red, white and blue | |||||||||||||
| Czech Republic | Czech Republic | White, red and blue | National colours of the Czech Republic | ||||||||||||
| Cyprus | Cyprus | Blue and white | Orange | ||||||||||||
| Denmark | Denmark | Red and white | |||||||||||||
| Estonia | Estonia | Blue, black and white | |||||||||||||
| Finland | Finland | White and blue | Red and gold | ||||||||||||
| France | France | url=http://www.archives.premier-ministre.gouv.fr/juppe_version1/HIST/DRAPEAU.HTM | title=Le drapeau tricolour | date=2002-06-20 | language=French | trans-title=The Tricolour Flag | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050128084005/http://archives.premier-ministre.gouv.fr/juppe_version1/HIST/DRAPEAU.HTM | archive-date=2005-01-28 | access-date=2015-07-18 | quote=Le pavillon, ainsi que le drapeau national, sera formé des trois couleurs nationales disposées en trois bandes égales, de manière à ce que le bleu soit attaché à la garde du pavillon, le blanc au milieu et le rouge flottant. | url-status=dead }} | ||||
| Georgia | Georgia (country) | Red and white | |||||||||||||
| Germany | Germany | Black, red and gold | White; Silver (used in motor racing); Green (used in football) | National colours of Germany | |||||||||||
| Greece | Greece | Blue and white | National colours of Greece | ||||||||||||
| Hungary | Hungary | Red, white and dark green | |||||||||||||
| Iceland | Iceland | Blue, white and red | |||||||||||||
| Ireland | Ireland | Green | St. Patrick's blue, white, orange | ||||||||||||
| Italy | Italy | Green, white and red | Azure | National colours of Italy | |||||||||||
| Latvia | Latvia | Carmine and white | |||||||||||||
| Liechtenstein | Liechtenstein | Blue and red | |||||||||||||
| Lithuania | Lithuania | Yellow, green and red | |||||||||||||
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg | Red, white and light blue | |||||||||||||
| Malta | Malta | Red and white | |||||||||||||
| Moldova | Moldova | Blue, yellow and red | |||||||||||||
| Monaco | Monaco | Red and white | |||||||||||||
| Montenegro | Montenegro | Red and gold | |||||||||||||
| Netherlands | Netherlands | Orange | Red, white and blue (flag) | Orange refers to the Dutch royal family, the House of Orange-Nassau. | |||||||||||
| North Macedonia | North Macedonia | Red and yellow | White (used by the national football team) | ||||||||||||
| Norway | Norway | Red, blue and white | |||||||||||||
| Poland | Poland | White and red | |||||||||||||
| Portugal | Portugal | Green and red | (Before the 1910 revolution: White and blue) | ||||||||||||
| Romania | Romania | Blue, yellow and red | |||||||||||||
| Russia | Russia | White, blue and red | Green | ||||||||||||
| San Marino | San Marino | White and light blue | |||||||||||||
| Serbia | Serbia | Red, blue and white | National colours of Serbia | ||||||||||||
| Slovakia | Slovakia | White, blue and red | |||||||||||||
| Slovenia | Slovenia | White, blue and red | Green, blue and white (sports) | ||||||||||||
| Spain | Spain | Red and gold | (During the Second Spanish Republic: also purple) | ||||||||||||
| Sweden | Sweden | Blue and yellow | See Flag of Sweden | ||||||||||||
| Switzerland | Switzerland | Red and white | |||||||||||||
| Turkey | Turkey | Red and white | Turquoise | ||||||||||||
| Ukraine | Ukraine | Blue and gold | National colours of Ukraine | ||||||||||||
| United Kingdom | United Kingdom | Red, white and blue | British racing green | National colours of the United Kingdom |
Sub-national colours
| Country, nation or region | Flag | Primary colours | Secondary colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Åland | Åland | Blue, yellow and red | {{colour box | #0064AD | border=silver}}{{colour box | #FFD300 | border=silver}}{{colour box | #DA0E15 | ||||
| Andalucia | Andalucia | Green and white | {{colour box | #006630 | border=silver | }} | ||||||
| Basque Country | Basque Country | Green and red | White | {{colour box | #009c46 | border=silver | }} | {{colour box | white | |||
| Bavaria | Bavaria | Sky blue and white | {{colour box | #0099d5 | border=silver}}{{colour box | white | border=silver}} | |||||
| Brittany | Brittany | Black and white | {{colour box | black | border=silver}}{{colour box | white | border=silver}} | |||||
| Brussels Region | Brussels | Blue and yellow | Grey | {{colour box | #0900BD | border=silver}}{{colour box | #FFF202 | border=silver}} | ||||
| Canary Islands | Canary Islands | Yellow, blue and white | {{colour box | #FFCC00 | border=silver}}{{colour box | #0768A9 | border=silver}}{{colour box | white | ||||
| Catalonia | Catalonia | Red and yellow | {{colour box | #fcde02 | border=silver}} | |||||||
| Cornwall | Cornwall | Black and white | {{colour box | black | border=silver}}{{colour box | white | border=silver}} | |||||
| Dublin City | Dublin | Green and blue | {{colour box | #009a77 | border=silver}}{{colour box | #0b336e | border=silver}} | |||||
| England | England | Red and white | Blue (sports) | {{colour box | #012169 | border=silver}} | ||||||
| Faroe Islands | Faroe Islands | White, blue and red | {{colour box | White | border=silver}}{{colour box | #005EB9 | border=silver}}{{colour box | #EF303E | ||||
| Flanders | Flanders | Black and yellow | {{colour box | black | border=silver}}{{colour box | #feeb23 | border=silver}} | |||||
| Friesland | Friesland | Blue, white and red | ||||||||||
| Galicia | Galicia | Sky blue and white | {{colour box | #009acd | border=silver}}{{colour box | white | border=silver}} | |||||
| Gibraltar | Gibraltar | Red and white | {{colour box | #db0004 | border=silver}}{{colour box | white | border=silver}} | |||||
| Guernsey | Guernsey | Red and white | Green (sports) | {{colour box | white | border=silver | }} | {{colour box | #048615 | |||
| Isle of Man | Isle of Man | Red and grey | Yellow (sports) | {{colour box | #d00c27 | border=silver | }}{{colour box | #c5c5c5 | border=silver | }} | ||
| Jersey | Jersey | Red and white | {{colour box | #d00c27 | border=silver | }}{{colour box | white | border=silver}} | ||||
| Northern Ireland | Northern_Ireland | Red and white | Green and white (sports) | {{colour box | #cd0000 | border=silver}}{{colour box | white | border=silver}} | ||||
| Saxony | Saxony | Green and white | {{colour box | #0e6c1e | border=silver}}{{colour box | white | border=silver}} | |||||
| Scotland | Scotland | Blue and white | {{colour box | #005EB8 | border=silver | }}{{colour box | white | border=silver | }} | |||
| Wales | Wales | Red, green and white | Yellow | {{colour box | #c9072a | border=silver | }}{{colour box | #00b33e | border=silver}}{{colour box | white | border=silver | |
| Wallonia | Wallonia | Red and yellow | {{colour box | #de2c3c | border=silver}}{{colour box | #fbc932 | border=silver}} |
Oceania
| Country | Flag | Primary colours | Secondary colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | Australia | Green and gold | Blue and white | National colours of Australia | ||
| Fiji | Fiji | Light blue | White and black (rugby and other sports) | |||
| Kiribati | Kiribati | Red, gold, blue and white | ||||
| New Zealand | New Zealand | Black | White, silver, ochre red, teal and beige (used by the cricket team in the 1980s) | National colours of New Zealand | ||
| Papua New Guinea | Papua New Guinea | Red, black, yellow and white | ||||
| Samoa | Samoa | Red, white and blue | ||||
| Solomon Islands | Solomon Islands | Olive green, yellow and blue | Green and white | |||
| Tonga | Tonga | Red and white | ||||
| Tuvalu | Tuvalu | Sky blue, yellow and white | Blue | |||
| Vanuatu | Vanuatu | Red, green, black and yellow |
Sub-national colours
| Country, nation or region | Flag | Primary colours | Secondary colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| American Samoa | American Samoa | Blue, red and white | ||||
| Cook Islands | Cook Islands | Green and white | ||||
| French Polynesia | Tahiti | Red and white | ||||
| Guam | Guam | Indigo and red | Blue and white | |||
| New Caledonia | New Caledonia | Grey, white and red | ||||
| Niue | Niue | Golden yellow and blue | ||||
| Australian Capital Territory | Australian Capital Territory | Dark blue, white and gold | see Sport in Australian Capital Territory | |||
| New South Wales | New South Wales | Sky blue | Navy blue and white | see Sport in New South Wales | ||
| Northern Territory | Northern Territory | Black, White and Ochre | see Sport in Northern Territory | |||
| Queensland | Queensland | Maroon | White and gold | see Symbols of Queensland | ||
| South Australia | South Australia | Red, gold and dark blue | see Sport in South Australia | |||
| Tasmania | Tasmania | Bottle green, yellow and maroon | see Sport in Tasmania | |||
| Victoria | Victoria | Navy blue and silver | White | see Sport in Victoria | ||
| Western Australia | Western Australia | Gold and black | White | see Sport in Western Australia |
Countries with limited or no recognition
These are the national colours for countries or states that have limited or no recognition.
| Country | Flag | Primary colours | Secondary colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abkhazia | Abkhazia | Green, white and red | ||||
| Kosovo | Kosovo | Blue, gold and white | Black | |||
| Palestine | Palestine | Black, white, green and red | ||||
| Somaliland | Somaliland | Green, white and red | ||||
| South Ossetia | South Ossetia | White, red and yellow | ||||
| Taiwan | ||||||
| (Republic of China) | Taiwan | Blue, white and red | Verdigris (University Sports) | |||
| Transnistria | Transnistria | Red and green | ||||
| Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus | Northern Cyprus | Red and white | ||||
| Western Sahara | ||||||
| (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic) | Western Sahara | Black, white, green and red |
Former countries
| Country | Flag | Primary colours | Secondary colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria-Hungary | Austria-Hungary | Black and gold | Red, white and green | Flags of Austria-Hungary | |||||
| Black and gold were the colours of the ruling Habsburg monarchy | |||||||||
| Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh) | Artsakh | Red, blue and orange | White | ||||||
| Byzantine Empire | Byzantine Empire | Red, gold and purple | Byzantine flags and insignia | ||||||
| China | |||||||||
| (Republic of China, 1912-1949) | Taiwan | Blue, white and red | |||||||
| Confederate States of America | Confederate States of America | Blue, white and red | Cadet grey | Cadet grey was an official colour of the Confederate States Army | |||||
| Czechoslovakia | Czechoslovakia | Blue, white and red | |||||||
| East Germany | East Germany | Black, red and gold | Blue | National colours of Germany | |||||
| France | |||||||||
| (Kingdom of France 987–1792, 1814–1848) | Kingdom of FranceKingdom of FranceKingdom of FranceKingdom of FranceKingdom of France | White and blue | French Blue, French Flags | ||||||
| German Empire | German Empire | Black, white and red | German Flags | ||||||
| Göktürk Khaganate | Sky blue | ||||||||
| Holy Roman Empire | Holy Roman Empire | Gold and black | White and red | Flags of the Holy Roman Empire | |||||
| Nazi Germany | Nazi Germany | Black, white and red | Brown | German Flags | |||||
| Neutral Moresnet | [[File:Flag of Moresnet.svg | center | frameless | 25x25px]] | Black, white and navy | ||||
| Portugal (Kingdom of Portugal 1139-1910) | Kingdom of Portugal | Blue and white | |||||||
| Republic of Texas | Texas | red, white and blue | Texas is a current state of the United States but was a former independent republic from 1839-1845. | ||||||
| Rhodesia | Rhodesia | Green | |||||||
| Soviet Union | Soviet Union | Red | Gold | ||||||
| South Africa (pre-1994) | [[File:Flag of South Africa (1928–1994).svg | center | 25x25px]] | Orange, white and blue | Green (sports) | ||||
| South Yemen | [[File:Flag_of_South_Yemen.svg | center | 25x25px]] | Red, sky blue, white and black | |||||
| Yugoslavia | Yugoslavia | Blue, white and red |
Caliphates
| Country | Flag | Primary colours | Secondary colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | White | ||||
| Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Black | Black Standard | |||
| Fatimid Caliphate | Fatimid Caliphate | White | ||||
| Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Red |
Ancient/Imperial Chinese dynasties
| Dynasty | Flag | Primary colours | Secondary colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xia dynasty | Black, grue | title=Official Colours of Chinese Regimes: A Panchronic Philological Study with Historical Account of China | journal=Trames. A Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences | pages=237–285 | doi=10.3176/tr.2012.3.03 | doi-access=free | publisher=Estonian Academy Publishers | url=https://kirj.ee/public/trames_pdf/2012/issue_3/Trames-2012-3-237-285.pdf | first=Jingyi | last=Gao | volume=16(66/61) | issue=3 | date=2012}} Green/blue in China | ||||
| Shang dynasty | White | ||||||||||||||||
| Zhou dynasty | Red | ||||||||||||||||
| Qin dynasty | Black | ||||||||||||||||
| Han dynasty | Black (206 BC-104 BC) | ||||||||||||||||
| Yellow (104 BC-26 AD) | |||||||||||||||||
| Red (26 AD-220 AD) | |||||||||||||||||
| Former Wei dynasty | Yellow | ||||||||||||||||
| Jin dynasty | Red | ||||||||||||||||
| Liu Song dynasty | Red | ||||||||||||||||
| Southern Qi dynasty | Red | Green/blue in China]] | |||||||||||||||
| Liang dynasty | Red | ||||||||||||||||
| Chen dynasty | Red | ||||||||||||||||
| Northern Wei dynasty | Yellow (399-491) | ||||||||||||||||
| Black (491-535) | |||||||||||||||||
| Northern Qi dynasty | Black | ||||||||||||||||
| Northern Zhou dynasty | Black | ||||||||||||||||
| Sui dynasty | Red | ||||||||||||||||
| Tang dynasty | Yellow (618-750) | ||||||||||||||||
| Reddish Yellow (750-907) | |||||||||||||||||
| Liao dynasty | Black | ||||||||||||||||
| Later Jin dynasty | White | ||||||||||||||||
| Song dynasty | Red | ||||||||||||||||
| Western Xia dynasty | White | ||||||||||||||||
| Jin dynasty | White | ||||||||||||||||
| Yuan dynasty | White | ||||||||||||||||
| Ming dynasty | Red | ||||||||||||||||
| Qing dynasty | China | Yellow | Yellow Dragon Flag]] |
Supranational organisations
Some noted supranational organisations like the United Nations and the European Union have their own colours as part of their branding and marketing. They are usually taken from the organisation's flag. Although they do not have national sporting teams, the colours can be used for anything connected to the organisation, like associated bodies.
| Organisation | Flag | Primary colours | Secondary colours | Primary | Secondary | Further information | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| African Union | [[File:Flag of the African Union.svg | 25x25px]] | Green and gold | Flag of the African Union | ||||||||||
| Arab League | [[File:Flag of the Arab League.svg | center | frameless | 25x25px]] | Green | Red, black and white | {{colour box | Green | border=silver}} | {{colour box | #ce1126 | |||
| Association of Southeast Asian Nations | [[File:Infobox ASEAN flag.svg | frameless | 30x30px]] | Blue, red and yellow | Brown | {{colour box | brown | border=silver}} | ||||||
| Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation | Green and yellow | Blue and white | ||||||||||||
| Caribbean Community | [[File:Flag of CARICOM.svg | center | frameless | 25x25px]] | Sky blue, dark blue and yellow | Maroon (sports) | {{colour box | #71d4ed | border=silver}}{{colour box | #124086 | border=silver}}{{colour box | yellow | ||
| Community of Portuguese Language Countries | [[File:Flag CPLP.svg | center | 25x25px]] | Blue and white | Flag of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries | |||||||||
| Eurasian Economic Union | [[File:Flag of the Eurasian Economic Union.svg | alt= | center | 25x25px]] | White | Blue and gold | {{colour box | white | border=silver}} | {{colour box | #2d3c5a | |||
| European Union | European Union | Reflex blue and gold | Flag of Europe | |||||||||||
| Mercosur | [[File:Flag of Mercosur.svg | center | frameless | 25x25px]] | White and blue | Green | {{colour box | white | #004e90 | border=silver}} | ||||
| NATO | [[File:Flag of NATO.svg | 25x25px]] | Dark Blue | Flag of NATO | ||||||||||
| Nordic Council | [[File:Flag of the Nordic Council 2016.svg | alt= | center | frameless | 25x25px]] | Blue and white | Flag of the Nordic Council; Design Manual of the Nordic Council - Colours | |||||||
| Organisation of Islamic Cooperation | [[File:OIC Logo since 2011.svg | alt= | center | frameless | 25x25px]] | White, green and black | Red | See Flag of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and Green in Islam | ||||||
| Organization of Turkic States | [[File:Flag of the Organization of Turkic States.svg | alt= | center | frameless | 25x25px]] | Turquoise | Although the flag of the Organization of Turkic States is light blue and white, turquoise is the colour most associated with the Turkic region. | |||||||
| South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation | Gold and white | |||||||||||||
| United Nations | UN | Light blue and white | Flag of the United Nations |
Examples of use of these colours
- United Nations: the recognisable blue helmets of the peacekeeping operations and the flags of associated UN agencies like the World Health Organization, with the UN's light blue and white.
- European Union: the blue and yellow of the EU flag; uses include the blue European Health Insurance Card and the Blue Card for skilled immigration.
References
References
- (2018-02-19). "National flag". South African Government.
- "National Colours: Red and White". Government of Canada.
- (2014). "The World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Public Affairs.
- "Símbolos nacionales". Government of Argentina.
- "Bangladesh national team". Colours of Football.
- Minahan, James B.. (2009). "The Complete Guide to National Symbols and Emblems". ABC-CLIO.
- "Israel National Symbols: The Israeli Flag". Jewish Virtual Library.
- Noor, Saleha. (2023). "Lavender and the Kingdom: Vogue Arabia Celebrates Saudi Arabia's New Color Identity". Vogue Arabia.
- "Rode Duivels brengen eerbetoon aan wielrenners met uitshirts". Sporza.
- "Státní symboly". hrad.cz.
- "Symboly současné České republiky". vlast.cz.
- "Státní symboly České republiky". toulkypocechach.com.
- "National symbols of Estonia".
- (2002-06-20). "''Le drapeau tricolour''".
- Ferorelli, Nicola. (1925). "La vera origine del tricoloure italiano".
- (1969). "The Journal of the Orders & Medals Research Society of Great Britain". Orders and Medals Research Society.
- (1994). "Chronicles". Rockford Institute.
- (2006). "The Yugoslav Wars (2): Bosnia, Kosovo and Macedonia 1992–2001". Osprey Publishing.
- "National Insignia". Government of the Republic of Slovenia.
- "Sport in Slovenia". Government Communication Office of the Republic of Slovenia.
- "Design of The New Zealand Orders Insignia". The Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, [[Government of New Zealand]].
- (27 February 2023). "ACT Flags and Emblems".
- [http://www.nsw.gov.au/symbols-emblems-nsw Symbols and emblems of NSW] {{webarchive. link. (2010-03-27)
- "Northern Territory Flag".
- "State colour".
- "State Emblems and Insignia".
- [https://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/People_Performance_and_Governance/Executive_Services/protocol_office/sporting_colours Department of Premier and Cabinet - TASMANIA : Sporting colours]
- (13 February 1925). "Tasmanian Sporting Colours - Story of their Origin". The Mercury.
- "Ensigns of Public Authority".
- Gao, Jingyi. (2012). "Official Colours of Chinese Regimes: A Panchronic Philological Study with Historical Account of China". Estonian Academy Publishers.
- "West Indies Cricket Board".
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