National Central University

History

According to The History Evolution of National Central University (國立中央大學沿革史) of 1937, the precursor of the university was founded in the winter of the first year of Sun Xiu's reign (AD 258) during the era of Three Kingdoms. Since this foundation, it has evolved and adopted different names in each dynasty or period in imperial China. Its immediate predecessor was a modern institution of higher learning established in Nanking (Nanjing) in 1902 during the Qing Dynasty, the Sanjiang Normal School (三江師範學堂, which was renamed the Liangjiang Higher Normal School (兩江優級師範學堂) in 1906. This was closed in 1911 when the Qing Dynasty was overthrown.

In 1915 after the Republic of China has been proclaimed, the Nanking Higher Normal School (南京高等師範學校) was established to replace the Liangjiang Higher Normal School, and it is this year that is most often cited as the establishment of the National Central University now based in Taiwan. In 1921, the National Southeastern University (國立東南大學) based on the normal school was established by the Beiyang Government. With the success of the Northern Expedition and the national government establishment its capital in Nanking in 1927, the university was reorganized and give the name National Fourth Sun Yat-sen University (國立第四中山大學), as Nanking was the fourth major city conquered in the expedition. Early the following year it was renamed National Kiangsu University (國立江蘇大學) and then simply Kiangsu University (江蘇大學) in quick succession. Dissatisfied with the lack of "national" in the name, professors and students struck for a new name, and in May 1928 the university became the (國立中央大學).

Following Japanese invasion of China 1937, the Nationalist regime relocated westward to the (Chongqing), and with it, as well. Upon its relocation to Chungking, the university was given 200 mu of land by Chungking University, and a cooperative relationship was established between the two universities. During this period, many distinguished professors taught at both universities, contributing significantly to the academic environment. These included notable figures such as Li Siguang, a renowned geologist; Xu Beihong, a famous painter and art educator; Wu Guanzhong, an accomplished painter and art educator; Ma Yinchu, an influential economist and educator; He Lu, a prominent physicist; and Lu Zuofu, a distinguished literary scholar. This era of collaboration not only strengthened the academic capabilities of both universities but also played a crucial role in preserving and advancing China's educational and cultural institutions amid the challenges of war.

During the rule of Wang Jingwei's Japanese puppet regime in Nanking from 1940 to 1945, a small was also established on the campus of what had been the Central Political Institute.

Following the end of World War II, National Central University reopened in Nanking in November 1946, with its main campus in the Sipailou area. After the Nationalist government lost Nanking to the Chinese Communist Party during the Chinese Civil War, that university's name was changed from National Central University to National Nanjing University (國立南京大學) in 1949. It subsequently has gone through a number of name changes and reorganizations.

After the communists took control of China, the Nationalist regime retreated to Taiwan. Beginning with Chengchi University in 1954, there was an effort at restoration of other national universities from China in Taiwan, such as Tsing Hua in 1956 and Chiao Tung in 1958. National Central University was first reestablished in Taiwan in 1962 as the National Central University Graduate Institute of Geophysics (國立中央大學地球物理研究所) in Miaoli County. In 1968, NCU moved to its current location in the area of what was then Zhongli City in Taoyuan County (now Zhongli District of Taoyuan City) and was renamed the National Central University College of Science (國立中央大學理學院). In 1979, it was officially restored under the name National Central University. In 2003, NCU and three other national universities established the University System of Taiwan cooperative partnership. NCU is now a research-oriented national comprehensive university. NCU was the first university in Taiwan to research industrial economics and economic development (Taiwan's Consumer Confidence Index is released monthly by NCU).

Location

The university's Taoyuan City campus is situated in the northern part of the island, about 35 km away from the capital Taipei and 3.5 km from Zhongli railway station. NCU campus is 13 km away from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport.

NCU Lulin Observatory is located near Yushan National Park, in the southern part of Taiwan.

Academics

NCU consists of eight colleges:

• College of Earth Science
• College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
• College of Engineering
• College of Hakka Studies
• College of Health Science and Technology
• College of Liberal Arts
• College of Science
• College of Management

Each college houses numerous research centers, such as the Center for Space & Remote Sensing Research, Hazard Mitigation & Prevention, Taiwan Economic Development, Biotechnology & Biomedical Engineering, and several boutique-style humanities centers. In total, the eight colleges contain 19 undergraduate departments, 48 graduate institutes, and 38 research centers.

The undergraduate population is represented by the Associated Students of National Central University (), founded in 1991. File:NCU_Hakka_College_Building.JPG|College of Hakka Studies File:NCU_Science_Building_II.JPG|College of Science File:NCU_Science_Building_I.JPG|College of Earth Science

International programs

NCU participates in the Taiwan International Graduate Program in Earth System Science of Academia Sinica, Taiwan's most preeminent academic research institution.

Notable alumni and faculty

• Chien-Shiung Wu, a famous particle and experimental physicist
• Jiang Zemin, politician and leader of the People's Republic of China
• Li Kwoh-ting, economist and politician
• Peng Chi-ming, meteorologist and Minister of Environment
• Hwawei Ko, pedagogue and professor
• Hu Shih, professor, political theorist, and diplomat in the Republic of China
• Zhu Zhixian (朱智贤), child psychologist and professor

Notes

References

References

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