Nakhon Nayok province

Toponymy

The word nakhon originates from the Sanskrit word nagara (Devanagari: नगर) meaning 'city', and the word nayok is thought to have been derived from the Sanskrit nāyaka (Devanagari: नायक) meaning 'leader' or 'captain'. However, in this connection, na means '[tax of] rice field' and yok means 'exempted'. Hence the name of the province literally means 'tax-free city'.

History

The city of Nakhon Nayok dates back to the Dvaravati Kingdom, probably founded in the 11th century. Ruins from this time are visible at Mueang Boran Dong Lakhon south of the modern city. Originally named Mueang Lablae, the name "Nakhon Nayok" was assigned to it in 1350, when it became a garrison town of the Ayutthaya kingdom protecting the eastern boundary. On 1 January 1943 the government downgraded Nakhon Nayok province and combined it with Prachinburi province, except for Ban Na district which became part of Saraburi province. On 9 May 1946 the province was re-established.

Symbols

The provincial seal shows an elephant holding an ear of rice with its trunk. This symbolizes fertile rice fields, as well as the forests with numerous elephants. In the background two piles of straw, trees, and clouds symbolizing the natural beauty of the province.

The provincial tree and flower is the silk cotton tree (Cochlospermum religiosum). The provincial aquatic life is the red tailed tinfoil (Barbonymus altus).

Climate

Nakhon Nayok province has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification category Aw). Winters are dry and warm. Temperatures rise until May. Monsoon season runs from May through October, with heavy rain and somewhat cooler temperatures during the day, although nights remain warm. Climate statistics: maximum temperature is 42.2 °C (108 °F) in April and lowest temperature is 12.2 °C (54 °F) in December. Highest average temperature is 36.8 °C (98.2 °F) in April and minimum average temperature is 20.5 °C (68.9 °F) in December. Average annual rainfall is 1,823 millimeters in 134 days. Maximum daily rainfall is 195 millimeters in August.

Geography

The northern part of the province is in the Sankamphaeng Range, the southern prolongation of the Dong Phaya Yen Mountains, with the highest elevation the 1,292-meter-high Yod Khao Kiew. Most of that area is covered by the Khao Yai National Park, 2166 km2, along with three other national parks, make up region 1 (Prachinburi) of Thailand's protected areas. The central part of Nakhon Nayok province consists of a flat river plain shaped by the Nakhon Nayok River, while the southern part features relatively infertile acidic soil. The province has a total forest area of 642 km² (248 sq mi), accounting for 30 percent of its total area.

The main river of the province is the Nakhon Nayok River. It joins the Prachinburi River at Pak Nam Yothaka in Ban Sang district, Prachinburi province, which then becomes the Bang Pa Kong River.

Administrative divisions

Central government

The province is divided into four districts (amphoes). The districts are further divided into 41 subdistricts (tambons) and 403 villages (mubans).

1. Mueang Nakhon Nayok
2. Pak Phli
3. Ban Na
4. Ongkharak

Local government

As of 26 November 2019 there are: one Nakhon Nayok Provincial Administration Organisation (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 6 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Nakhon Nayok has town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 5 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 39 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).

Healthcare

Hospitals

There are six hospitals in the province:

• Nakhon Nayok general hospital with 314 beds.
• Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy Hospital with 90 beds.
• Pak Phli community hospital with 10 beds.
• Ban Na community hospital with 70 beds.
• Ongkharak community hospital with 31 beds.
• HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Medical Center with 500 beds.

Health promoting hospitals

There are total fifty-five health-promoting hospitals in the province, of which;

• 17 in Mueang Nakhon Nayok district
• 9 in Pak Phli district
• 14 in Ban Na district
• 15 in Ongkharak district.

Demographics

Population

Population history of Nakhon Nayok province is as follows:

Religion

There are 222 Theravada Buddhist temples in the province.

• 95 in Mueang Nakhon Nayok district
• 39 in Pak Phli district
• 55 in Ban Na district
• 33 in Ongkharak district

Human achievement index 2022

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.

References

References

1. "Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019". Royal Forest Department.
2. "Official statistics registration systems". Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA).
3. (July 2019). "''Gross Regional and Provincial Product, 2019 Edition''". Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council (NESDC).
4. "ข้อมูลสถิติดัชนีความก้าวหน้าของคน ปี 2565 (PDF)".
5. Round, Philip D.. (2007-10-17). "Changes in the Status of Lophura Pheasants in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand: A Response to Warming Climate?". Biotropica.
6. Jetsadaareewong, Suphattra. (2017). "White Water Rafting Management at Khun Dan Prakan Chon Dam, Nakornnayok Province". SSRN Electronic Journal.
7. link. จังหวัดนครนายก
8. (10 December 1942). link. Royal Thai Government Gazette
9. (9 May 1946). link. Royal Thai Government Gazette
10. (2011). "Climatological Data for the Period 1981-2010".
11. (December 2020). "ข้อมูลพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติ ที่ประกาศในราชกิจจานุบกษา 133 แห่ง".
12. (2019). "ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562".
13. (26 November 2019). "Number of local government organizations by province". Department of Local Administration (DLA).