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Mylohyoid nerve

Nerve of the head

Summary

Nerve of the head

Field	Value
Name	Mylohyoid nerve
Latin	nervus mylohyoideus
Image	Gray781.png
Caption	Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. (Label for mylohyoid nerve is at bottom center.)
Image2	Gray782 updated.png
Caption2	Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve, seen from the middle line. The small figure is an enlarged view of the otic ganglion. (Label "to mylohyoid" at bottom left.)
Innervates	Mylohyoid muscle, anterior belly of digastric muscle
BranchFrom	Inferior alveolar nerve

The mylohyoid nerve (or nerve to mylohyoid) is a mixed nerve of the head. It is a branch of the inferior alveolar nerve. It provides motor innervation the mylohyoid muscle, and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle. It provides sensory innervation to part of the submental area, and sometimes also the mandibular (lower) molar teeth, requiring local anaesthesia for some oral procedures.

Structure

Origin

The mylohyoid nerve is a mixed (motor-sensory) branch of the inferior alveolar nerve (which is a branch of the mandibular nerve (CN V3) that is itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)). It arises just before it enters the mandibular foramen.

Course

It pierces the sphenomandibular ligament.**** It descends in a groove on the deep surface of the ramus of the mandible. When it reaches the under surface of the mylohyoid muscle, it gives branches to the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle.

Distribution

Motor

The mylohyoid nerve supplies the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle.

Sensory

It provides sensory innervation to the skin of the centre of the submental area. It may also provide some sensory innervation to the mandibular (lower) molar teeth.

Clinical significance

The mylohyoid nerve needs to be blocked during local anaesthesia of the mandibular (lower) teeth to prevent pain during oral procedures. It may not be anaesthetised during a block of the inferior alveolar nerve, causing pain.

Additional images

File:Gray178.png|Mandible of human embryo 24 mm. long. Outer aspect. File:Gray181.png|Mandible of human embryo 95 mm. long. Inner aspect. Nuclei of cartilage stippled. File:Slide7cece.JPG|Infratemporal fossa. Lingual and inferior alveolar nerve. Deep dissection. Anterolateral view

References

(2018). "Skull Base Imaging". [[Elsevier]].
(2001). "Distribution Of The Mylohyoid Nerve: Anatomical Variability And Clinical Implications". Australian Endodontic Journal.
Sinnatamby, Chummy S.. (2011). "Last's Anatomy".
(2022-08-01). "Cutaneous branch of the nerve to the mylohyoid muscle: Potential cause of postoperative sensory alteration in the submental area". Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger.
(2016). "Head, Neck, and Orofacial Infections - A Multidisciplinary Approach". [[Elsevier Science]].
(2014). "Endodontics". [[Mosby (publisher).

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

nerves-of-the-head-and-neck

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