Myitnge River

Source, course and outflow

The river rises on the Irrawaddy-Salween watershed, not far from the latter river, and flows westwards through northern Shan Plateau of eastern Burma where it is known as Namtu River, and eventually into the Ayeyarwady at Amarapura. The old capital of the Ava Kingdom was built between its two branches, Myittha River which it gives off to the west and the eastern stream which retains the name Myitnge before it enters the Irrawaddy.

Tributaries

1. Zawgyi River enters the Myitnge about 20 km north of Kyaukse at Nyaungbintha.
2. Panlaung River enters near Ava.

Towns

1. Namtu
2. Hsenwi
3. Hsipaw

History

The famous Shwe Sar Yan Pagoda on its north bank, built in 1053 by the Shan princess Sao Mon Hla on her journey home after wedding and later leaving King Anawrahta (1044–1077) of Bagan in central Burma, holds its annual festival starting just before the full moon of Tabaung (March). Anawrahta constructed an irrigation system consisting of weirs and canals on the Panlaung and the Zawgyi rivers but found the Myitnge too wild to tame. Three centuries later Thado Minbya (1364–67) built Ava as his capital at the confluence of Myitnge and Ayeyarwady rivers within easy reach of the rice granary at Kyaukse.

Bridges

During the Second World War starting from New Year Day 1943 through to late April, several bombing raids were carried out by B-25s and B-24s of the USAAF to destroy the bridge over the Myitnge River carrying the main railway line from Mandalay to Rangoon. They returned the following December to bomb the bridge and the rail yards at nearby Paleik. Two years later it was the turn of the RAF Thunderbolts to attack the bridge. Myitnge River is today spanned by a new bridge, 700 feet long and 27 feet wide for motor traffic flanked on each side by a footpath 6 feet wide, and was opened in 1999.

Dams

A 790 megawatt hydroelectric power plant called Yeywa Dam Project, with assistance from China, is under way on the Myitnge River 50 km southeast of Mandalay.

Notes

References

1. "Middle Irrawaddy".
2. [https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/text.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V22_237.gif Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 22, p. 231.]
3. For, Society. (1835). "Penny Cyclopaedia for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge". C Knight, Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge ([[Great Britain]]).
4. {{Cite EB1911. James George. Scott
5. [http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/burma/txu-oclc-6924198-nf47-9.jpg NF 47-09 "Mandalay, Burma"] U.S. Army Map Service topographic map 1:250,000, Series U-542, first printing December 1959
6. Sao Sukham. "Buddhism and Tai People". Ceylon Journey.
7. "Public Holidays/Festivals 2008". myanmar-tourism.com.
8. Harvey, G E. (200). "History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824". Asian Educational Services.
9. Gary Goldblatt. "CHINA-BURMA-INDIA THEATER OF OPERATIONS (Tenth Air Force)".
10. "10th A.F. Repulses Japanese Blows". CBI Roundup December 16, 1943.
11. "The Myitnge bridge after attack by RAF Thunderbolt aircraft 22 March 1945". Australian War Memorial.
12. (February 2018). "The Dokhtawaddy Bridge". Perspective 1999.
13. U Win Kyaw. "Yeywa Hydropwer Project, an Overview". Vietnam National Commission on Large Dams.
14. "Burma signs Contract with Chinese Corporation for Hydroelectric Project". redOrbit, 3 September 2005.