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Muon neutrino
Subatomic particle
Subatomic particle
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| name | Muon neutrino |
| image | FirstNeutrinoEventAnnotated.jpg |
| caption | The first observation of a neutrino in a hydrogen bubble chamber was made in 1970: a (non-visible) neutrino collided with a proton (which then moved along the short line, above the central track), producing a muon (at the origin of the long central rectilinear trace) and a pion (at the origin of the trace just below the muon). |
| composition | Elementary particle |
| statistics | Fermionic |
| group | Lepton |
| generation | Second |
| interaction | Weak, gravity |
| antiparticle | Muon antineutrino () |
| theorized | (1940s) |
| discovered | Leon Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger (1962) |
| symbol | |
| mass | Small but non-zero (see **) |
| electric_charge | 0 e |
| color_charge | No |
| spin | ħ |
| weak_isospin | |
| weak_hypercharge | −1 |
| chirality | left-handed (for right-handed neutrinos, see sterile neutrino) |
The muon neutrino is an elementary particle which has the symbol and zero electric charge. Together with the muon it forms the second generation of leptons, hence the name muon neutrino. It was discovered in 1962 by Leon Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger. The discovery was rewarded with the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics.
Discovery
The muon neutrino or "neutretto" was hypothesized by several physicists in the 1940s. In 1962 Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger proved the existence of the muon neutrino in an experiment at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. This earned them the 1988 Nobel Prize. |access-date=2010-02-11
Apparent speed anomaly
Main article: Faster-than-light neutrino anomaly
In September 2011 OPERA researchers reported that muon neutrinos were apparently traveling at faster than the speed of light. This result was confirmed in a second experiment in November 2011. These results were viewed skeptically by the scientific community at large, and more experiments investigated the anomaly. In March 2012 the ICARUS team published results directly contradicting the results of OPERA.
Later, in July 2012, the apparent anomalous super-luminous propagation of neutrinos was traced to a faulty element of the fibre optic timing system in Gran Sasso. After it was corrected the neutrinos appeared to travel with the speed of light within the errors of the experiment.
References
References
- (2012). "Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the ICARUS detector at the CNGS beam". Physics Letters B.
- (8 June 2012). "OPERA experiment reports anomaly in flight time of neutrinos from CERN to Gran Sasso (UPDATE 8 June 2012)". CERN press office.
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