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Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission
Government body of the Republic of China (1912–2017)
Government body of the Republic of China (1912–2017)
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| agency_name | Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission |
| nativename_a | 蒙藏委員會 |
| nativename_r | Měng-Zàng Wěiyuánhuì |
| logo | 蒙藏委員會logo.svg |
| formed | April 1912 (as Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Agency) |
| 1 February 1929 (as MTAC) | |
| dissolved | 15 September 2017 |
| superseding | Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center and Mainland Affairs Council |
| jurisdiction | Republic of China (1912–1949) |
| headquarters | Zhongzheng, Taipei |
| parent_agency | Executive Yuan |
| website | www.mtac.gov.tw |
1 February 1929 (as MTAC)
The Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission (MTAC) was a ministry-level commission of the Executive Yuan in the Republic of China. It was disbanded on 15 September 2017.
History
The first model was created during the Qing dynasty in 1636 as the Mongolian Bureau (; ), later reformed into the Lifan Yuan (理藩院) in 1639, and oversaw the relationship of the Qing court to its "Feudatory Regions" (Mongolian and Tibetan territories). In 1906, during the reign of the Guangxu Emperor, it was renamed to Ministry of Minority Affairs (理藩部).
Following the Xinhai Revolution and the collapse of the Qing dynasty, the section was replaced by Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Agency under the Ministry of the Interior in April 1912. In July 1912, the agency was again renamed as Bureau of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs (蒙藏院) and placed under the State Affairs Yuan. In 1914, it was reorganized and being placed directly under the supervision of President. On 1 February 1929, it was finally changed to Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission (MTAC) in accordance with the Nationalist Government Organizational Law. After the Communist revolution in 1949, and the central government of China's relocation to Taiwan, formerly a Qing province turned colony that was acquired from Japan in 1945 after the end of World War II, the MTAC ceased its activities in Tibet and Mongolia, although it served as a governmental body which assisted in the relationship between ethnic Mongols and Tibetans in Taiwan and increasing the communication between the Taiwanese and the Mongols as well as the Tibetans.
After the 1959 Tibetan uprising, Chiang Kai-shek announced in his Letter to Tibetan Compatriots () that the ROC's policy would be to help the Tibetan people overthrow the People's Republic of China's rule in Tibet. The MTAC sent secret agents to India to disseminate pro-Kuomintang (KMT) and anti-Communist propaganda among Tibetan exiles. From 1971 to 1978, the MTAC also recruited ethnic Tibetan children from India and Nepal to study in Taiwan, with the expectation that they would work for a ROC government that returned to the mainland.
On 14 August 2017, the Executive Yuan, now led by the independence minded Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) administration, announced that the MTAC would be dissolved by the end of the year. No budget was allocated to the MTAC for 2018. Employees and responsibilities of the commission were reassigned to two places: the Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center under the Ministry of Culture, and the expanded Department of Hong Kong, Macao, Inner Mongolia, and Tibet Affairs under the Mainland Affairs Council.
Organizational structure
- Commissioners
- Secretary's Office
- Counselor's Office
- Department of Mongolian Affairs
- Department of Tibetan Affairs
- Department of General Affairs
- Compilation and Translation
- Accounting Office
- Personnel Office
- Civil Service Ethics Office
Ministers
Political Party:
| No. | Name | Term of office | Days | Political party | Ancestry (ethnicity) | Premier | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 1 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 2 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 3 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 4 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 5 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 6 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 7 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 8 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 9 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 10 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 11 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 12 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 13 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 14 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 15 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 16 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 17 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 18 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 19 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 20 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 21 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 22 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 23 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 24 | Non-partisan}}; color:black;" | 25 | Democratic Progressive Party}}; color:white;" | 26 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 27 | Kuomintang}}; color:white;" | 28 | Non-partisan}}; color:black;" | — | Non-partisan}}; color:black;" | 29 | Non-partisan}}; color:black;" | 30 | Non-partisan}}; color:black;" | 31 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yan Xishan (閻錫山) | Kuomintang | Wutai, Shanxi | Tan Yankai | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ma Fuxiang (馬福祥) | Kuomintang | Linxia, Gansu (Hui) | Tan Yankai | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chiang Kai-shek I | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shi Qingyang (石青陽) | Kuomintang | Ba County, Sichuan | Sun Fo I | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wang Jingwei | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Huang Mu-sung (黃慕松) | Kuomintang | Meichuan, Guangdong | Wang Jingwei | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chiang Kai-shek II | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lin Yungai (林雲陔) | Kuomintang | Xinyi, Guangdong | Chiang Kai-shek II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wu Zhongxin (吳忠信) | Kuomintang | Hefei, Anhui | Chiang Kai-shek II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| H. H. Kung | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chiang Kai-shek III | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leung Kam Lo (羅良鑒) | Kuomintang | Shanhua, Hunan | Chiang Kai-shek III | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| T. V. Soong | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Xu Shiying (許世英) | Kuomintang | Qiupu, Anhui | Zhang Qun | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weng Wenhao | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Serengdongrub (白雲梯) | Kuomintang | Harqin Middle Banner, Rehe (Mongol) | Sun Fo II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| He Yingqin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Guan Jiyu (關吉玉) | Kuomintang | Liaoyang, Liaoning (Manchu) | He Yingqin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yan Xishan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zhou Kuntian (周昆田) | Kuomintang | Hefei, Anhui | Yan Xishan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yu Ching-tang (余井塘) | Kuomintang | Dongtai, Jiangsu | Chen Cheng I | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tien Chung-chin (田炯錦) | Kuomintang | Qingyang, Gansu | Chen Cheng I | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liu Lianke (劉廉克) | Kuomintang | Harqin Left Banner, Rehe (Mongol) | Chen Cheng I | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yu Hung-Chun | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lee Yong-xin (李永新) | Kuomintang | Harqin Left Banner, Rehe (Mongol) | Chen Cheng II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tien Chung-chin (田炯錦) | Kuomintang | Qingyang, Gansu | Chen Cheng II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (郭寄嶠) | Kuomintang | Hefei, Anhui | Chen Cheng II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yen Chia-kan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chui Yan Cui (崔垂言) | Kuomintang | Changchun, Jilin | Yen Chia-kan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chiang Ching-kuo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sun Yun-suan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Xie Renyang (薛人仰) | Kuomintang | Fuzhou, Fujian | Sun Yun-suan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dong Shufan (董樹藩) | Kuomintang | Sa County, Suiyuan | Sun Yun-suan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yu Kuo-hua | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wu Hua-peng (吳化鵬) | Kuomintang | Aohan Right Banner, Rehe (Mongol) | Yu Kuo-hua | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lee Huan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hau Pei-tsun | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zhang Junyi (張駿逸) | Kuomintang | Changsha, Hunan | Lien Chan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lee Hou-kao (李厚高) | Kuomintang | Songzi, Hubei | Lien Chan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kao Koong-lian (高孔廉) | Kuomintang | Minhou, Fujian | Vincent Siew | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hsu Cheng-kuang (徐正光) | Pingtung, Taiwan | Tang Fei | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chang Chun-hsiung I | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hsu Chih-hsiung (許志雄) | Democratic Progressive Party | Keelung, Taiwan | Yu Shyi-kun | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Frank Hsieh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Su Tseng-chang | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chang Chun-hsiung II | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kao Su-po (高思博) | Kuomintang | Tainan City | Liu Chao-shiuan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wu Den-yih | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Luo Ying-shay (羅瑩雪) | Kuomintang | Shuangfeng, Hunan | Wu Den-yih | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chen Chun | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Jiang Yi-huah | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chen Ming-jen (陳明仁) | Chiayi County, Taiwan | Jiang Yi-huah | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Jaclyn Tsai (蔡玉玲) | Independent | Taiwan | Jiang Yi-huah | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mao Chi-kuo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chang San-cheng | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lin Mei-chu (林美珠) | Independent | Taipei City | Lin Chuan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hsu Jan-yau (許璋瑤) | Independent | Kaohsiung City | Lin Chuan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| William Lai |
Other notable members
- Thubten Choekyi Nyima, 9th Panchen Lama
- Wu Heling
- Pandatsang Rapga
Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center
Main article: Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center
The Mongolian and Tibetan Cultural Center () was originally managed by the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission. It is located in the Daan District of Taipei on Qingtian Street near the Taipei Grand Mosque and Mandarin Training Center. The center was established in 1993 in the former residence of the Changkya Khutukhtu, Lobsang Pelden Tenpe Dronme, who fled to Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War in 1949. The building incorporates traditional Tibetan architectural features. It also includes an exhibition area for cultural artifacts, a reading room, lecture hall and prayer hall for the Changkya Khutukhtu. After the commission was disbanded, the center's management was turned over to the Ministry of Culture.
References
References
- (16 September 2017). "Taiwan News Quick Take". Taipei Times.
- (11 October 2017). link
- Benson, Linda. (1990). "The Ili Rebellion: The Moslem Challenge to Chinese Authority in Xinjiang, 1944-1949". M.E. Sharpe.
- (1932). "The China Year Book". North China Daily News & Herald.
- Chung, Lawrence. (16 August 2017). "Taiwan Calls Time on Mongolia and Tibet Affairs Commission".
- Charlier, Phillip. (14 August 2017). "Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission to be Dissolved: Lim Applauds".
- "Mongolian & Tibetan Culture Center".
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