Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation

Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation (MCFN; , meaning 'Mississauga people at the Credit River') is a First Nation of Mississaugas, an Ojibwe sub-group, in south-central Ontario, Canada. In April 2015, MCFN had an enrolled population of 2,330 people, 850 of whom lived on the reserve. The First Nation governs the 2,392.6 ha parcel of the New Credit 40A Indian Reserve known as Reserve 40B near Hagersville, Ontario. This reserve sits beside the Six Nations of the Grand River, near Brantford.

In the 19th century, under pressure from the rapid growth of the European-origin population, the Mississaugas wanted to move from their reserve in the present-day city of Mississauga. Unable to make an agreement with the provincial government of the time, in 1848 they accepted an offer from the Six Nations Confederacy of 4800 acre of land inside their own property, as a compensation to the Mississaugas for their authorization for the British purchase of the land in 1784 for the establishment of the Six Nations Reserve. The reserve had been granted to the Six Nations by the Haldimand Proclamation in gratitude for their military alliance with the British during the American Revolutionary War, allowing their resettlement from their previous homeland in what had become New York State. The Six Nations is the only reserve in the Canadian system with a subsection reserve. The Mississaugas eventually purchased the land gifted as well as an additional 1200 acre for a sum of $10,000.00 on June 15, 1903, for the all-time right of undisturbed use and occupancy of the land. The reserve as it stands today consists of lots 1 to 12 in the first and second concessions in the Township of Tuscarora, in the County of Brant, and lots 1–12 in the first and second concessions in the Township of Oneida. In 1997, MCFN purchased an additional 59 acre bordering on Highway 6, Hagersville.

The First Nation made claims to land on which Toronto sits through the disputed Toronto Purchase of 1787. In 2010, Canada agreed to pay for the lands, based on the historic value of the land, extrapolated to 2010 dollars. The money was distributed to the MCFN government, with each of the then-1,700 Mississaugas receiving $20,000, with the rest placed in trust for future generations. The MCFN put a controversial hold on new membership during this time, ostensibly to preserve the greatest financial gain possible. The multi-million dollar settlement was only given to previously registered members despite any valid claims to membership.

On January 8, 2019, the Mississaugas of the New Credit announced that they would rename to the Mississaugas of the Credit.