Ministry of National Defence (Vietnam)

Organisation

Command structure

According to the 1992 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the Ministry of National Defence holds the supreme command of the Vietnam People's Army (VPA) and other paramilitary units. The command organisation of the ministry is composed of the central office, the General Staff (Bộ Tổng tham mưu), the General Political Department of the People's Army (Tổng cục chính trị) and other general departments.

The General Staff is the commanding and co-ordinating institution of the Vietnam People's Army and other paramilitary units, it is currently directed by the Chief of the General Staff and Deputy Minister of Defence who would be also acting minister during the absence of the minister in office. The General Political Department takes charge of political, moral and other activities in the military forces related to the Communist Party of Vietnam, the Department of Politics also operates the system of military court and procuracy.

The General Political Department is under the leadership activities of the Secretariat and often operations under the directly authority of the Central Military Commission. Other general departments (Tổng cục) of the ministry are General Department of Logistics and Engineering (Tổng cục Hậu cần - Kỹ thuật), General Department of Military Industries and Manufacture (Tổng cục Công nghiệp quốc phòng) and General Department of Military Intelligence (Tổng cục Tình báo quốc phòng or Tổng cục 2). Directly under the ministry are also the Search and Rescue Operations Department (Cục Cứu hộ, cứu nạn) and Department of Foreign Relations (Cục Đối ngoại).

The command structure of the ministry is coordinated by the Central Office (Văn phòng Bộ) which acts at the same time as office of the Central Party Committee of the military forces (Quân ủy Trung ương).

The following is the structure of the central organisation of the Ministry of National Defence:

Components

The Ministry of National Defence is the supreme command of the Vietnam People's Army - VPA which contains several arms and army corps, the Vietnam People's Ground Forces, the Vietnamese People's Navy – VPN, the Vietnamese People's Air Force – Air Defence – VPAF-AD, the Vietnam Border Guard – VBG and the Vietnam Coast Guard – VCG. To organise the military activities and units, the territory of Vietnam is divided into 7 military regions and the Capital High Command which contains the region of Hanoi.

The principal and core military force of Vietnam is the Vietnam People's Army - VPA with a regular force of 450,000 soldiers and officers and the reserve force of about 5 million. The land-based units of the VPA consists of four army corps (quân đoàn): 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th; six arms (binh chủng): Artillery, Tank and Armor Warfare, Sappers, Signals, Engineers and Chemical; seven military regions (quân khu) and one command (bộ tư lệnh): 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 7th, 9th military regions and the High Command of the Capital City of Hanoi. The border guard, coast guard, air force-air defence and the navy are organised as arms of the VPA, the navy in particular is divided in five naval regions (vùng hải quân) (from 1st to 5th).

Besides, the Ministry of National Defence also manages a system of academies, universities and research institutes with a total number of 43 schools include: 12 academies (học viện), 12 universities schools (trường đại học) and 11 colleges schools (trường cao đẳng) and 08 intermediates levels schools (trường trung cấp). The principal academy of the ministry if the National Defence Academy (Học viện Quốc phòng), it is the only institution for training strategical officers. The Ministry of National Defence has its own branch of economic organisations which contains the Viettel Mobile, one of the leading mobile network operator in Vietnam.

Budget

The annual budget of the Ministry of National Defence occupies approximately 2% of the GDP of Vietnam. The major portion of the budget is used for maintenance of officers, NCOs, soldiers and their readiness for action. Following are the ministry's budgets of recent years:

Public service units

• Academies (12):

1. Army Academy
2. National Defence Academy
3. Vietnam Military Political Academy
4. Military Technical Academy – Lê Quý Đôn Technical Academy
5. Air Force – Air Defence Academy
6. Border Guard Academy
7. Military Logistics Academy
8. Military Science Academy
9. Military Medical Academy – Lê Hữu Trác Medicine and Pharmacy Academy
10. Naval Academy
11. Military Cryptography Technical Academy
12. Viettel Academy

• Universities schools (12):

1. First Army Officer University school – Trần Quốc Tuấn University
2. Second Army Officer University school – Nguyễn Huệ University
3. Political Officer University school
4. Artillery Officer University school
5. Chemical Defence Officer University school
6. Special Agent Force Officer University school
7. Communications Officer University school
8. Engineer Officer University school – Ngô Quyền University
9. Tank – Armor Officer University school
10. Air Force Officer University school
11. Vinhempich Military Technical Officer University school – Trần Đại Nghĩa University
12. Military Culture – Arts University school

• Colleges schools (11):

1. First Military Technical College school
2. Second Military Technical College school
3. National Defence Industrial College school
4. Cryptographic Engineer College school
5. First Logistics College school
6. Second Logistics College school
7. Reconnaissance College school
8. Naval Technical College school
9. Air Force - Air Defence Technical College school
10. Information Technology College school
11. Technology and Vehicle Technical College school

• Intermediates levels schools (08):

1. Engineer Technical Intermediate school
2. Middle Vietnam Technical Intermediate school
3. Tank - Armour Technical Intermediate school
4. Cryptography Technical Intermediate school
5. Ordinance Technical Intermediate school
6. First Border Guard Intermediate school
7. Second Border Guard Intermediate school
8. Border Guard 24 Intermediate school

List of ministers

References

Notes

Bibliography

• Ministry of Defense, Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Vietnam's National Defense in the Early Years of the 21st Century, Ha Noi, 2004.

References

1. "The Ministry of Defence of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam".
2. Ministry of Defence (2009), ''White book'', p. 67
3. "Introduction to the Ministry of Defence of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam".
4. Ministry of Defence (2009), ''White book'', p. 52
5. Ministry of Defence (2009), ''White book'', pp. 55–56
6. Ministry of Defence (2009), ''White book'', p. 109
7. Ministry of Defence (2009), ''White book'', p. 61
8. Ministry of Defence (2009), ''White book'', p. 69
9. Ministry of Defence (2009), ''White book'', p. 72
10. Ministry of Defence (2009), ''White book'', p. 77
11. Ministry of Defence (2009), ''White book'', p. 81
12. Ministry of Defence (2009), ''White book'', p. 38
13. (2023-01-25). "GDP Việt Nam sẽ vượt Singapore và Malaysia, đứng thứ ba Đông Nam Á ngay trong năm nay?".
14. IMF Projection of 2023
15. "NGHỊ QUYẾT SỐ 70/2022/QH15 CỦA QUỐC HỘI VỀ PHÂN BỔ NGÂN SÁCH TRUNG ƯƠNG NĂM 2023".