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Minister for Māori Development

New Zealand minister of the Crown

New Zealand minister of the Crown

FieldValue
postMinister for Māori Development
flagFlag of New Zealand.svg
flagcaptionFlag of New Zealand
insignia[[File:Coat of arms of New Zealand.svg120px]]
insigniacaptionCoat of arms of New Zealand
imageTama Potaka (cropped).png
incumbentTama Potaka
incumbentsince27 November 2023
departmentMinistry of Maori Development
styleThe Honourable
member_ofExecutive Council
reports_toPrime Minister of New Zealand
appointerGovernor-General of New Zealand
termlengthAt His Majesty's pleasure
formation27 August 1858
firstWilliam Richmond
salary$243,841
websiteMinistry of Māori Development

The Minister for Māori Development is the minister in the New Zealand Government with broad responsibility for government policy towards Māori, the first inhabitants of New Zealand. The Minister heads the Te Puni Kōkiri (TPK, or the Ministry of Māori Development). Between 1947 and 2014 the position was called Minister of Māori Affairs; before that it was known as Minister of Native Affairs. The current Minister for Māori Development is Tama Potaka.

Role

The role of the Minister for Māori Development differs from those of other ministers. While the Minister for Māori Development does have a government department to supervise (Te Puni Kōkiri, TPK for short, or the Ministry of Māori Development), he or she also has input into other portfolios to the extent that they affect Māori. For example, the Minister for Māori Development would expect to be involved in the development of Māori language policy in the education portfolio, even though education is normally the sole responsibility of the Minister of Education.

History

The office was originally called Minister of Native Affairs, or simply Native Minister. Most early Ministers of Native Affairs were not Māori, although a convention existed that there should be Māori in Cabinet (albeit without portfolio). Prior to the implementation of responsible government, Māori affairs (specifically the purchase of land from Māori by the Crown) had been handled by the Governor.

Attitudes of early Ministers were varied. The first Minister, William Richmond, considered Māori to be savages, and believed that his task was to "reform" Māori by making them more like Europeans. He was particularly hostile to Māori tradition of shared land ownership, considering it "beastly communism". Other Ministers were more friendly to Māori interests — James FitzGerald, the sixth Minister, believed that peaceful co-existence with Māori was vital, and considered the confiscation of Māori land to be an "enormous crime". Other Ministers have varied between these positions.

The first Minister of Native Affairs to be ethnically Māori was James Carroll, appointed by the Liberal Party in the late 19th century. Another prominent Minister of Native Affairs was Āpirana Ngata, also of the Liberals. For the most part, however, early Ministers were Pākehā, although were frequently advised by Māori colleagues. Maui Pomare of the Reform Party and Eruera Tirikatene of the Labour Party were examples of politicians who played a major role in the portfolio without actually holding office. After Carroll and Ngata, it was not until Matiu Rata (1972–1975) that there was another ethnically Māori Minister of Māori Affairs.

Under the Maori Purposes Act 1947, the Ministerial title and all other government usage was changed from 'Native' to 'Maori'.

1972 to present

Matiu Rata, appointed as the Minister of Māori Affairs in 1972, the first Maori since Ngata was Minister of Native Affairs in 1928.

After the 2014 general election cabinet reshuffle, the title was changed from Minister of Māori Affairs to Minister for Māori Development. While Prime Minister John Key said that there was not really any difference in what the portfolio would involve, "it gives you a sense of where the minister [Flavell] will want to shape the portfolio". During the 2014–2017 term of the Fifth National Government, Te Ururoa Flavell served as the Minister for Māori Development.

Following the formation of the Sixth Labour Government, Nanaia Mahuta was appointed as Minister for Māori Development.

List of ministers

The table below lists ministers who have held responsibility for Māori issues. Initially, the title used was Minister of Native Affairs, but the title was changed to Minister of Maori Affairs on 17 December 1947 and then to Minister of Māori Affairs with the insertion of the macron in modern orthography under the Māori Language Commission. In 2014, the title was changed for a fourth time to Minister for Māori Development. ;Key

No.NamePortraitWas Māori?Term of officePrime MinisterAs Minister of Native AffairsIndependent politician}}"1Independent politician}}"2Independent politician}}"3Independent politician}}"4Independent politician}}"5Independent politician}}"(3)Independent politician}}"6Independent politician}}"7Independent politician}}"8Independent politician}}; height:190px"9Independent politician}}"10Independent politician}}"11Independent politician}}"12Independent politician}}"13Independent politician}}"(12)Independent politician}}"14Independent politician}}"15New Zealand Liberal Party}}"(14)New Zealand Liberal Party}}"16New Zealand Liberal Party}}"17New Zealand Liberal Party}}"18New Zealand Liberal Party}}"19New Zealand Reform Party}}"20New Zealand Reform Party}}"21United Party (New Zealand)}}"22United Party (New Zealand)}}"United Party (New Zealand)}};"23New Zealand Labour Party}}"24New Zealand Labour Party}}"25New Zealand Labour Party}}"26New Zealand Labour Party}}"27As Minister of Maori AffairsNew Zealand Labour Party}}"(27)New Zealand National Party}}"28New Zealand National Party}}"New Zealand National Party}};"29New Zealand Labour Party}}"30New Zealand National Party}}"31New Zealand National Party}}"32New Zealand National Party}}"New Zealand Labour Party}}"33New Zealand National Party}}"(32)New Zealand National Party}}"34New Zealand Labour Party}}"35New Zealand National Party}}"36New Zealand National Party}}"37New Zealand National Party}}"38New Zealand First}}"39Mauri Pacific}}"New Zealand Labour Party}}"40New Zealand Labour Party}}"41As Minister for Māori AffairsMāori Party}}"42As Minister for Māori DevelopmentMāori Party}}"43New Zealand Labour Party}}"44New Zealand Labour Party}}"45New Zealand Labour Party}}"New Zealand National Party}}"46
William Richmond[[File:C William Richmond 1888.jpg75px]]No27 August 185810 November 1860Independent politician}}"Stafford
Frederick Weld[[File:Sir Frederick Aloysius Weld.jpg75px]]No10 November 186012 July 1861
Walter Mantell[[File:Walter Mantell.jpeg75px]]No12 July 186118 December 1861Independent politician}}"Fox
Dillon Bell[[File:Francis Dillon Bell 1881.jpg75px]]No6 August 186230 October 1863Independent politician}}"Domett
William Fox[[File:Portrait of Sir William Fox.png75px]]No18 December 186130 October 1863Independent politician}}"Whitaker
Walter Mantell[[File:Walter Mantell.jpeg75px]]No30 October 186327 July 1865Independent politician}}"Weld
James FitzGerald[[File:James Edward Fitzgerald 1890.jpg75px]]No27 July 186516 October 1865
Andrew Russell[[File:No image.png75px]]No16 October 186524 August 1866Independent politician}}"Stafford
James Crowe Richmond[[File:James Crowe Richmond 1860.jpg75px]]No24 August 186628 June 1869
Donald McLean[[File:Donald McLean, 1870s.jpg75px]]No28 June 18697 December 1876Independent politician}}; height:20px"Fox
Independent politician}}; height:20px"Waterhouse
Independent politician}}; height:20px"Fox
Independent politician}}; height:20px"Vogel
Independent politician}}; height:20px"Pollen
Independent politician}}; height:20px"Vogel
Independent politician}}"Atkinson
Daniel Pollen[[File:Daniel Pollen, ca 1873.jpg75px]]No18 December 187613 October 1877
John Sheehan[[File:John Sheehan, 1884.jpg75px]]No15 October 18778 October 1879Independent politician}}"Grey
John Bryce[[File:JohnBryce.jpg75px]]No8 October 187921 January 1881Independent politician}}"Hall
William Rolleston[[File:William Rolleston (cropped).jpg75px]]No4 February 188119 October 1881
John Bryce[[File:JohnBryce.jpg75px]]No19 October 188116 August 1884
Independent politician}}"Whitaker
Independent politician}}"Atkinson
John Ballance[[File:John Ballance 1880.jpg75px]]No16 August 1884
3 September 188428 August 1884
8 October 1887Independent politician}}"Stout
Edwin Mitchelson[[File:Edwin Mitchelson.jpg75px]]No8 October 188724 January 1891Independent politician}}"Atkinson
John Ballance[[File:John Ballance 1880.jpg75px]]No24 January 18914 February 1891New Zealand Liberal Party}}"Ballance
Alfred Cadman[[File:Alfred Jerome Cadman (Cropped).jpg75px]]No4 February 189129 June 1893
New Zealand Liberal Party}}"New Zealand Liberal Party}}"Seddon
Richard Seddon[[File:Richard Seddon, 1906.jpg75px]]No29 June 189321 December 1899
James Carroll[[File:JamesCarroll1914.jpg75px]]Yes21 December 189928 March 1912
New Zealand Liberal Party}}"New Zealand Liberal Party}}"Hall-Jones
New Zealand Liberal Party}}"Ward
William MacDonald[[File:William Donald Stuart Macdonald, circa 1910.jpg75px]]No28 March 191210 July 1912New Zealand Liberal Party}}"Mackenzie
William Herries[[File:William Herries (crop).jpg75px]]No10 July 19127 February 1921New Zealand Reform Party}}"Massey
Gordon Coates[[File:Joseph Gordon Coates, 1931.jpg75px]]No7 February 192110 December 1928New Zealand Reform Party}}"
New Zealand Reform Party}}"Bell
New Zealand Reform Party}}"Coates
Āpirana Ngata[[File:ApiranaNgata05.jpg75px]]Yes10 December 19281 November 1934United Party (New Zealand)}};"Ward
United Party (New Zealand)}};"Forbes
George Forbes[[File:George William Forbes.jpg75px]]No1 November 19346 December 1935United Party (New Zealand)}};"
Michael Joseph Savage[[File:Michael Joseph Savage Portrait (cropped).jpg75px]]No6 December 193527 March 1940New Zealand Labour Party}}"Savage
Frank Langstone[[File:Frank Langstone.jpg75px]]No1 April 194021 December 1942New Zealand Labour Party}}"Fraser
Rex Mason[[File:Rex Mason.jpg75px]]No7 July 194319 December 1946
Peter Fraser[[File:Peter Fraser.jpg75px]]No19 December 194617 December 1947
Peter Fraser[[File:Peter Fraser.jpg75px]]No17 December 194713 December 1949New Zealand Labour Party}}"Fraser
Ernest Corbett[[File:Ernest Corbett.jpg75px]]No13 December 194926 September 1957New Zealand National Party}};"Holland
New Zealand National Party}};"Holyoake
Keith Holyoake[[File:Keith Holyoake (crop).jpg75px]]No26 September 195712 December 1957New Zealand National Party}};"
Walter Nash[[File:Walter Nash (ca 1940s).jpg75px]]No12 December 195712 December 1960New Zealand Labour Party}}"Nash
Ralph Hanan[[File:Ralph Hanan portrait.jpg75px]]No12 December 196024 July 1969New Zealand National Party}}"Holyoake
Duncan MacIntyre[[File:Duncan MacIntyre Greg Tate (crop).jpg75px]]No22 December 19698 December 1972
New Zealand National Party}}"Marshall
Matiu Rata[[File:Matiu Rata.jpg75px]]Yes8 December 197212 December 1975New Zealand Labour Party}}"Kirk
New Zealand Labour Party}}"Rowling
Duncan MacIntyre[[File:Duncan MacIntyre Greg Tate (crop).jpg75px]]No12 December 197513 December 1978New Zealand National Party}}"Muldoon
Ben Couch[[File:Ben_Couch_All_Black_1947_-_1949.jpg75px]]Yes13 December 197826 July 1984
Koro Wētere[[File:Koro Wetere.jpg75px]]Yes26 July 19842 November 1990New Zealand Labour Party}}"Lange
New Zealand Labour Party}}"Palmer
New Zealand Labour Party}}"Moore
Winston Peters[[File:Winston Peters - 2017 (38351102806) (cropped).jpg75px]]Yes2 November 19902 October 1991New Zealand National Party}}"Bolger
Doug Kidd[[File:Doug Kidd 2014 (cropped).jpg75px]]No2 October 19916 November 1993
John Luxton[[File:John Luxton (cropped).jpg75px]]No6 November 199312 October 1996
Tau Henare[[File:Tau_Henare_2013.jpg75px]]Yes12 October 199610 December 1999
New Zealand National Party}}"Shipley
Dover Samuels[[File:Dover Samuels.jpg75px]]Yes10 December 199928 June 2000New Zealand Labour Party}}"Clark
Parekura Horomia[[File:Parekura Horomia portrait.jpg75px]]Yes26 July 200019 November 2008
Pita Sharples[[File:Pita Sharples 2012 (cropped).jpg75px]]Yes19 November 20088 October 2014New Zealand National Party}}"Key
Te Ururoa Flavell[[File:Te Ururoa Flavell, 2012.jpg75px]]Yes8 October 201421 October 2017New Zealand National Party}}"
Key
New Zealand National Party}}"English
Nanaia Mahuta[[File:Nanaia Mahuta (cropped).jpg75px]]Yes26 October 20176 November 2020New Zealand Labour Party}}" rowspan=2Ardern
Willie Jackson[[File:Hon Willie Jackson.jpg75px]]Yes6 November 202027 November 2023
New Zealand Labour Party}}"Hipkins
Tama Potaka[[File:Tama Potaka (cropped).png75px]]Yes27 November 2023presentNew Zealand National Party}}"Luxon

References

References

  1. "Parliamentary Salaries and Allowances Determination 2016". [[New Zealand Parliament]].
  2. "Ministry of Māori Development". New Zealand Government.
  3. "Roles and functions". Te Puni Kōkiri.
  4. (2008). "The Ministry of Māori Development – Te Puni Kōkiri". [[New Zealand Initiative.
  5. Butterworth and Young, "Appendix 1: Political Heads of the Departments of Maori Affairs," ''Maori Affairs'', pp. 123–124.
  6. "Richmond, Christopher William". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.
  7. "Fitzgerald, James Edward". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.
  8. Butterworth and Young, ''Maori Affairs'', pp. 5–7.
  9. Butterworth and Young, ''Maori Affairs'', p. 58.
  10. Butterworth and Young, ''Maori Affairs'', pp. 74–78.
  11. "Pomare, Maui Wiremu Piti Naera". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.
  12. "Tirikatene, Eruera Tihema Te Aika". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand.
  13. Butterworth and Young, ''Maori Affairs'', pp. 107–110.
  14. Butterworth and Young, ''Maori Affairs'', pp. 123–124.
  15. "Māori Ministers". Ministry for Culture and Heritage.
  16. Bennett, Adam. (6 October 2014). "Flavell given portfolio renamed to reflect 'new focus' on Maori future". The New Zealand Herald.
  17. "Hon Te Ururoa Flavell". New Zealand Parliament.
  18. "Ministerial List". [[Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand).
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