Milton, Vale of White Horse

Toponymy

From the 10th to the 13th century the village's name was Middeltune. From the 13th to the 15th century it evolved as Middelton and Midelton, and from the 15th century to the 17th century it was Mylton.

Archaeology

On land near Sutton Road, northeast of the village, is the site of an Anglo-Saxon cemetery. Archaeologists had investigated the western part of the cemetery by the early 1930s. In 2014 what appeared to be the easternmost part of the cemetery was found and more than 40 human burials were excavated. Few grave goods were found, apart from two metal knives and another metal object too corroded to be identified.

Manor

In 956 King Eadwig granted 15 hides of land at Milton to his thegn Alfwin, who in turn gave the estate to the Benedictine Abingdon Abbey. In the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the 1530s the abbey surrendered its lands to the Crown. Milton was among a number of estates that Henry VIII granted to Baron Wriothesley in 1546. Wriothesley sold Milton that same year to Thomas Calton, a goldsmith of London, whose descendants retained it for the next 218 years.

In 1709 Paul Calton married Catherine, daughter of Admiral John Benbow. Bryant Barrett was a Roman Catholic, so, by English law, could not own property. He and his brother Isaac agreed that the latter should buy the house and estate on Bryant's behalf for £10,600.

Milton Manor House is a yellow and red brick manor house built for the Calton family in the 17th century.

There was also a dower house, where Admiral Benbow lived in the 1690s. Tsar Peter the Great of Russia is said to have stayed at Milton House around this time, probably in order to consult Benbow on shipbuilding. No trace of the dower house remains.

Churches

Church of England

The Church of England parish church is dedicated to Saint Blaise as he is the patron saint of the wool trade, which was a major part of Milton's medieval economy. The church seems to have been built in the 14th century

The tower has a ring of eight bells, all cast by Whitechapel Bell Foundry in 2001. Previously there was a ring of six, four of which were cast in 1682. At least three of the 1682 bells were cast by Richard Keene, Another of the bells had been cast in 1787 and the tenor was cast by Mears and Stainbank of the Whitechapel Bell Foundry in 1906. One of Richard Keene's 1682 bells has been retained at St Blaise but is not used.

Methodist

By 1924 Milton had a nonconformist corrugated iron chapel.

Economic and social history

Two watermills in the parish are recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 and again in a record from 1401. There is still a Milton Mill on Ginge Brook. Milton Church of England primary school was founded in 1796. An open field system of farming continued in the parish until 1808–09, when Parliament passed an inclosure act for Milton.

In 1841 the Great Western Main Line was built through the parish about 1/2 mi south of the village. In 1955 a British Railways excursion train was derailed at Milton, killing 11 people and injuring 163. During the Second World War the British Army had a large depot on land between Milton village and the railway line. The site is now Milton Park business park. In the 1970s a new dual carriageway was built through the parish as part of the realignment and enlargement of the A34 road. Milton Interchange was built just south of the railway line as a junction between the A34 and the A4130.

Amenities

Milton has one public house, which for many decades was called the Admiral Benbow, and latterly it was controlled by Greene King Brewery. It is now renamed The Plum Pudding.

Sport and leisure

Milton has a Non-League football club, Milton United F.C., whose home ground is at Potash Lane.

References

Sources

References

1. "Area: Milton (Parish): Key Figures for 2011 Census: Key Statistics". [[Office for National Statistics]].
2. {{harvnb. Page. Ditchfield. 1924
3. {{harvnb. Peake. 1931. Coddington. Oram. Lisk. 2015
4. (2013). "The History of Milton Manor House". Milton Manor House.
5. The actual date is unknown: in 1696 it was described as "newly built" but Sir [[Nikolaus Pevsner]] believed that it could not be much later than the 1660s.{{sfn. Pevsner. 1966. bays]]{{sfn. Pevsner. 1966. Pevsner. 1966. Grade I listed building]].{{NHLE
6. Turner, Colin. (5 March 2009). "Milton S Blaise". [[Central Council of Church Bell Ringers]].
7. "Accident at Milton on 20 November 1955". The Railways Archive.
8. [http://www.mepc.com/miltonpark/Home.aspx Milton Park Oxfordshire]
9. [http://theplumpuddingmilton.co.uk/ The Plum Pudding]