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Mayor of Frankfurt
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The Mayor of Frankfurt (German: Oberbürgermeister (male) or Oberbürgermeisterin (female), sometimes translated as "Lord Mayor") is the highest-ranking member of city government in Frankfurt, Germany. The mayor was traditionally elected by the city council. This system was replaced in 1995, and the position has been directly elected. Three people have won election since then: Petra Roth (CDU), Peter Feldmann (SPD) and Mike Josef (SPD). In November 2022, following a successful recall election against Feldmann, Nargess Eskandari-Grünberg (Green) was the interim mayor of Frankfurt for six months. Current mayor Mike Josef (SPD) assumed the office in May 2023 following the election with 51.7% of the votes against the CDU candidate Uwe Becker.
The mayor is "first among equals" on the city cabinet (Magistrat), and acts as the cabinet's spokesperson. The mayor is also responsible for the policies of local government departments and oversees the city's administration.
History
The Free City of Frankfurt, as a state in the Holy Roman Empire and later the German Confederation, had various leadership structures, the most durable of which saw the city with two mayors: Senior Mayor (Ältere Bürgermeister) and Junior Mayor (Jüngere Bürgermeister). The present position of Oberbürgermeister was introduced in 1868 following the occupation of the city by the Kingdom of Prussia. Through the second half of the 19th century and first half of the 20th century, Frankfurt's mayors oversaw the development of Frankfurt into a major centre for trade and culture.
In 1933 following the appointment of Adolf Hitler as Chancellor of Germany, Ludwig Landmann – Frankfurt's first Jewish mayor – was expelled from the council, and Nazi Party member Friedrich Krebs was appointed in his place. Although the left-wing SPD and Communist Party had an overall majority on the council, they were excluded from the council session that confirmed Krebs' appointment.
Krebs remained in office until the US military captured the city in March 1945. The US military governorship that followed appointed trusted democrats as mayor to oversee the immediate denazification of the city administration and the beginnings of reconstruction. Council elections resumed in July 1946, and the SPD held the mayorship for the next thirty years. The rebuilding of Frankfurt was a significant topic in these years.
Following a statewide referendum, the office of mayor in Hesse became directly elected. Frankfurt's first mayoral election was held in 1995 and saw a surprise victory for CDU candidate Petra Roth over the incumbent Andreas von Schoeler (SPD). Since then, mayoral elections have been noted as especially personality-driven, and candidates regularly defy national party trends to become increasingly popular over the course of their mayoralty. Roth increased her majority over the course of her mayorship, winning in 2007 in the first round with 60.5% of the vote. After Roth resigned in 2012, Peter Feldmann (SPD) won a surprise victory over Boris Rhein (CDU), the Hessian interior minister, and he too saw a significant increase vote increase in his second election in 2018. Following various controversies, Feldmann faced a recall election in which he was recalled with 95.1% of the vote. Deputy Mayor Nargess Eskandari-Grünberg (Green) thus assumed the office and serves in a caretaker capacity until the next election scheduled for March 2023.
''Oberbürgermeister'' since 1868
Since 1868 there have been 19 mayors of Frankfurt: 14 indirectly elected, 3 appointed and 2 directly elected.
| Term | Image | Name | Party | Selection method | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1868 | 1880 | [[File:Daniel Heinrich Mumm von Schwarzenstein.jpg | 70px]] | Independent}}" | ||
| 1880 | 1890 | [[File:Johannes von Miquel (IZ 48-315 HScherenberg).jpg | 70px]] | Johannes von Miquel | National Liberal Party (Germany)}}" | |
| 1890 | 1912 | [[File:Franz Adickes by Max Liebermann.jpg | 70px]] | Franz Adickes | Independent Liberal}}" | |
| 1912 | 1924 | [[File:Georg Voigt.jpg | 70px]] | Georg Voigt | German Democratic Party}}" | |
| 1924 | 1933 | [[File:Ludwig Landmann.jpg | 70px]] | Ludwig Landmann | German Democratic Party}}" | |
| 1933 | 1945 | {{CSS image crop | Image = Celebration with Agnes Miegel.jpg | bSize = 200 | ||
| 1945 | 1945 | Independent}}" | ||||
| 1945 | 1946 | {{CSS image crop | Image = KAS-Blaum, Kurt-Bild-4991-1.jpg | bSize = 160 | ||
| 1946 | 1956 | Walter Kolb | Social Democratic Party of Germany}}" | |||
| 1956 | 1964 | [[File:Werner Bockelmann, Oberbürgermeister von Frankfurt am Main, 1963.jpg | 70px]] | Werner Bockelmann | Social Democratic Party of Germany}}" | |
| 1964 | 1970 | [[File:Willi Brundert, 1950, Dessau, Herwegen-Prozeß (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | Willi Brundert | Social Democratic Party of Germany}}" | |
| 1970 | 1971 | Walter Möller | Social Democratic Party of Germany}}" | |||
| 1971 | 1977 | [[File:Rudi Arndt.jpg | 70px]] | Rudi Arndt | Social Democratic Party of Germany}}" | |
| 1977 | 1986 | [[File:KAS-Wallmann, Walter-Bild-5166-1 (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | Walter Wallmann | Christian Democratic Union (Germany)}}" | |
| 1986 | 1989 | {{CSS image crop | Image = Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F074157-0009, Frankfurt, ZNS Weihnachtskonzert, Hannelore Kohl (cropped).jpg | bSize = 170 | ||
| 1989 | 1991 | [[File:1986 Volker Hauff 800.jpg | 70px]] | Volker Hauff | Social Democratic Party of Germany}}" | |
| 1991 | 1995 | [[File:Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F046799-0024, Mainz, FDP-Bundesparteitag, von Schoeler.jpg | 70px]] | Andreas von Schoeler | Social Democratic Party of Germany}}" | |
| 1995 | 2012 | [[File:Preisverleihung Konrad-Adenauer-Preis 2012 an Petra Roth-9491.jpg | 70px]] | Petra Roth | Christian Democratic Union (Germany)}}" | |
| 2012 | 2022 | [[File:Peter Feldmann SPD Ffm.jpg | 70px]] | Peter Feldmann | Social Democratic Party of Germany}}" | |
| 2022 | 2023 | [[File:MJK 60904 Nargess Eskandari-Grünberg (Hessischer Film- und Kinopreis 2019).jpg | 70px]] | Nargess Eskandari-Grünberg | Alliance 90/The Greens}}" | |
| 2023 | Incumbent | [[File:Mike Josef (Frankfurter Buchmesse 2015) (cropped).jpg | 70px]] | Mike Josef | Social Democratic Party of Germany}}" |
Elections
The Mayor of Frankfurt is elected by the two-round system: if no candidate receives over 50% in the first round, a run-off is held between the top two candidates. The election is open to German and EU citizens over 18 years old who have lived in the city for at least three months. The mayor's term is 6 years – elections are brought forward if the mayor resigns or is otherwise removed from office.
2023
2022 recall referendum
2018
2012
2007
2001
1995
Notes
References
References
- (26 March 2023). "OB-Wahl: Mike Josef wird neuer Oberbürgermeister von Frankfurt".
- (6 June 2022). "Mike Josef: Erfolgsgeschichte mit Pausenmodus".
- (23 January 2018). "Das müssen Sie zur OB-Wahl in Frankfurt wissen". [[Hessischer Rundfunk]].
- (1814). "Constitution of Frankfurt".
- "Chronik der ehemaligen Frankfurter Oberbürgermeister". Frankfurt.de.
- Göpfert, Claus-Jürgen. (3 January 2018). "Feldmann profitiert von Schwäche der Konkurrenz".
- (28 January 2007). "Klarer Sieg für Petra Roth".
- Göpfert, Claus-Jürgen. (26 February 2018). "Peter Feldmanns Rezept".
- (14 November 2022). "Nargess Eskandari-Grünberg: Plötzlich ist sie Oberbürgermeisterin". [[Frankfurter Neue Presse]].
- (26 March 2023). "Direktwahl 2023 in Frankfurt-am-Main". Wahlamt Frankfurt.
- "Bürgerentscheid zur Abwahl des Oberbürgermeisters der Stadt Frankfurt am Main, Herrn Peter Feldmann".
- (26 February 2018). "Direktwahl 2018 in Frankfurt-am-Main". Wahlamt Frankfurt.
- (13 March 2012). "Frankfurter Direktwahlen". Hessischer Rundfunk.
- (26 March 2012). "Frankfurter Wahlanalysen 57". Wahlamt Frankfurt.
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