Mauve

Mauveine, the first commercial aniline dye

Main article: Mauveine

The synthetic dye mauve was first so named in 1859. Chemist William Henry Perkin, then 18, was attempting to synthesize quinine in 1856; quinine was used to treat malaria. He noticed an unexpected residue, which turned out to be the first aniline dye. Perkin originally named the dye Tyrian purple after the historical dye, but the product was renamed mauve after it was marketed in 1859. It is now usually called Perkin's mauve, mauveine, or aniline purple.

Earlier references to a mauve dye in 1856–1858 referred to a color produced using the semi-synthetic dye murexide or a mixture of natural dyes. Perkin was so successful in marketing his discovery to the dye industry that his 2000 biography by Simon Garfield is simply entitled Mauve. Between 1859 and 1861, mauve became a fashion must-have. The weekly journal All the Year Round described women wearing the colour as "all flying countryward, like so many migrating birds of purple paradise". Punch magazine published cartoons poking fun at the huge popularity of the colour: "The Mauve Measles are spreading to so serious an extent that it is high time to consider by what means [they] may be checked."

But, because it faded easily, the success of mauve dye was short-lived; by 1873, it was replaced by other synthetic dyes. As the memory of the original dye soon receded, the contemporary understanding of mauve is as a lighter, less-saturated color than it was originally known.

The 1890s are sometimes referred to in retrospect as the "Mauve Decade" because of the popularity of the subtle color among progressive artistic types, both in Europe and the US.{{cite book |access-date = 5 February 2012 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170713/http://gaslight.mtroyal.ab.ca/MauveX1.htm |archive-date = 2016-03-03 |url-status = dead

Variations

Rich mauve

The color displayed at right is the rich tone of mauve called mauve by Crayola.

French mauve (deep mauve)

The color displayed at right is the deep tone of mauve that is called mauve by Pourpre.com, a color list widely popular in France.

Opera mauve

The color displayed at right is opera mauve.

The first recorded use of opera mauve as a color name in English was in 1927.

Mauve taupe

Main article: Taupe

The color displayed at right is mauve taupe.

The first recorded use of mauve taupe as a color name in English was in 1925.

Old mauve

The color displayed at right is old mauve.

The first recorded use of old mauve as a color name in English was in 1925.

The normalized color coordinates for old mauve are identical to wine dregs, which was first recorded as a color name in English in 1924.

References

References

1. The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called ''mauve'' in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill; the color "mallow" is displayed on page 125, Plate 51, Color Sample I3 Note: It is stated in ''A Dictionary of Color'' that ''mallow'' and ''mauve'' are two different names used in English to refer to exactly the same color—the name ''mallow'' came into use in 1611 and ''mauve'' came into use as its synonym in 1856—see under the entry for each name on page 198 in the Index. See also discussion of the color Mallow (Mauve) on page 166.
2. Brians, Paul. "Mauve". [[Washington State University]].
3. (2012-07-31). "mauve". [[Lexico.
4. ''Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language'', College Edition (1964): "any of several shades of delicate purple."
5. Maerz and Paul. ''A Dictionary of Color''. New York: 1930, [[McGraw Hill Education. McGraw-Hill]]. p. 198
6. Maerz and Paul. ''A Dictionary of Color''. New York: 1930, [[McGraw Hill Education. McGraw-Hill]]. p. 198; Color Sample of Mallow: p. 125, Plate 51, Color Sample I3
7. [http://lhldigital.lindahall.org/cdm/ref/collection/color/id/10048 ''Jubilee of the discovery of mauve and of the foundation of the coal-tar colour industry by Sir W. H. Perkin''] (1906) - digital facsimile from the [[Linda Hall Library]]
8. Travis, Anthony S.. (1993). "The Rainbow Makers: The Origins of the Synthetic Dyestuffs Industry in Western Europe". Lehigh Univ. Press.
9. St. Clair, Kassia. (2016). "The Secret Lives of Colour". John Murray.
10. Travis, Anthony S.. (1993). "The Rainbow Makers: The Origins of the Synthetic Dyestuffs Industry in Western Europe". Lehigh Univ. Press.
11. Garfield, S.. (2000). "Mauve: How One Man Invented a Colour That Changed the World". Faber and Faber, London, UK.
12. Garfield, Simon. (2000-09-21). "Simon Garfield on mauve". The Guardian.
13. Blakemore, Erin. "How Malaria Gave Us Mauve".
14. Jackson, Shelley. "Colors / Mauve {{!}} Shelley Jackson".
15. Travis, Anthony S.. (1993). "The Rainbow Makers: The Origins of the Synthetic Dyestuffs Industry in Western Europe". Lehigh Univ. Press.
16. [http://www.straw.com/sig/dyehist.html ''History of Dyes from 2600 BC to 20th Century - natural dyes, synthetic''], by Susan C. Druding, 1982
17. Bilik, Yan. "Couleur mauve : définition et codes couleur".
18. {{Webarchive. link. (2016-12-08)
19. (November 22, 2012). "Retsof online version of ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo(u)r Names - Oa through Oz".
20. Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill Page 200; Color Sample page 107 Plate 42 Color Sample H5--Opera Mauve
21. (November 22, 2012). "Retsof online version of ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo(u)r Names - Ma through Mz".
22. Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill Page 203; Color Sample of Mauve Taupe Page 37 Plate 7 Color Sample C8--Mauve Taupe
23. (August 22, 2017). "Retsof online version of ISCC-NBS Dictionary of Colo(u)r Names - Oa through Oz".
24. Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 200; Color Sample of Old Mauve: Page 109 Plate 46 Color Sample I5
25. Maerz and Paul ''A Dictionary of Color'' New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 207; Color Sample of Wine Dregs Page 37 Plate 7 Color Sample L7