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MAssive Cluster Survey
The MAssive Cluster Survey (MACS) compiled and characterized a sample of very X-ray luminous (and thus, by inference, massive), distant clusters of galaxies. The sample comprises 124 spectroscopically confirmed clusters at 0.3
Cluster candidates that are south of declination -40° cannot be observed from Mauna Kea and fit into the Southern MACS (SMACS) extension. They are also being investigated when facilities are available.
History
One of the galaxy clusters, MACS J0647+7015 was found to have gravitationally lensed the most distant galaxy (MACS0647-JD) then ever imaged, in 2012, by CLASH. The first statistical study of X-ray cavities in distant clusters of galaxies was performed by analyzing the Chandra X-ray observations of MACS. Out of 76 clusters representing a sample of the most luminous X-ray clusters, observers found 13 cut and clear cavities and 7 possible cavities. A new radio halo, as well as a relic applicant, were found in MACS, with the help of the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope and the Karoo Array Telescope-7. The discovered radio halo has a largest linear scale of about 0.9Mpc. X-ray chosen clusters are almost free of projection effects because they are composed of intrinsically massive, gravitationally collapsed systems.
MACS team
The MACS team consists of:
- Harald Ebeling, University of Hawaii, USA
- Alastair Edge, University of Durham, UK
- J. Patrick Henry, University of Hawaii, USA
Survey notation
Objects are labelled as JHHMM.m+DDMM where HHMM+DDMM are the coordinates in the J2000 system. Here H, D, and M refer to hours, degrees, and minutes, respectively, and m refers to tenths of minutes of time.
- HH Hours of right ascension
- MM.m Minutes of right ascension or declination
- DD.d Degrees in declination
Southern MAssive Cluster Survey
The Southern MAssive Cluster Survey (SMACS) involved the Hubble Space Telescope.
Notable surveyed objects
| Survey object | Right ascension | Declination | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MACS J0025.4-1222 | ||||
| MACS J0358.8-2955 | Part of Abell 3192 | |||
| MACS J0416.1-2403 | ||||
| MACS J0647+7015 | ||||
| MACS J0717.5+3745 | ||||
| SMACS J0723.3–7327 | Subject of first JWST deep field | |||
| MACS J1149 Lensed Star 1 | Blue supergiant star observed through a gravitational lens | |||
| MACS 1423-z7p64 | Most distant galaxy known as of April 2017 | |||
| MACS 2129-1 |
References
References
- Ebeling, Harald. (2001). "MACS: A Quest for the Most Massive Galaxy Clusters in the Universe". Astrophysical Journal.
- Ebeling, Harald. (2007). "A Complete Sample of 12 Very X-Ray Luminous Galaxy Clusters at z > 0.5". Astrophysical Journal Letters.
- [http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~ebeling/clusters/MACS.html MAssive Cluster Survey (MACS)]
- (2018-09-01). "Science from a glimpse: Hubble SNAPshot observations of massive galaxy clusters". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
- [https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-views-a-double-cluster-of-glowing-galaxies/ NASA: Hubble Views a Double Cluster of Glowing Galaxies]
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