Margaret Holland, Duchess of Clarence

Early life

Margaret was a daughter of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent, who was the son of Joan "the Fair Maid of Kent" (granddaughter of Edward I of England, wife of Edward the Black Prince and mother of Richard II of England). Margaret's mother was Alice FitzAlan, daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster.

Marriages and issue

Margaret married John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, son of John of Gaunt and his mistress Katherine Swynford. They had six children:

• Henry Beaufort, 2nd Earl of Somerset (1401–1418).
• Joan Beaufort (d. 1445), who married James I of Scotland and Sir James Stewart, the Black Knight of Lorn.
• John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset (1404–1444), who married Margaret Beauchamp.
• Thomas Beaufort, Count of Perche (c. 1405–1431). Died at the Siege of Louviers.
• Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset (c. 1406–1455) who married Eleanor Beauchamp, daughter of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, by his first wife Elizabeth de Berkeley.
• Margaret Beaufort (c. 1408–1449), who married Thomas de Courtenay, 5th Earl of Devon.

In 1399, she was invested as a Lady of the Order of the Garter (LG).

After her husband John Beaufort died in 1410, she married his half-nephew Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence (1387–1421), the son of King Henry IV. They had no children, although Thomas was stepfather to her six children from her first marriage, who were his first cousins.

Later life and death

In 1419 she travelled to Normandy with her sons to be with her husband there, leaving her daughters in the care of the Prioress of Dartford. Her husband died on 22 March 1421 fighting at the Battle of Baugé, Anjou, France. She was an executrix of his will alongside executors John Colvylle of Neuton, Cambridgeshire, knight, and Henry Merston of Westminster, clerk.

In 1430 a book about the life of St. Jerome was made for her by Symon Wynter of Syon Abbey.

Margaret retired to St. Saviour's Abbey, Bermondsey, London, where she died on 30 December 1439.

Margaret and both her husbands are buried together in a carved alabaster tomb in Canterbury Cathedral that she commissioned. The monument shows her lying in repose between her two husbands, which is extremely rare. Her husbands had been buried in the Trinity Chapel and were exhumed to be reburied alongside Margaret.

Descendants

Through her son John, the 1st Duke of Somerset, and his wife Margaret Beauchamp, Lady Margaret is an ancestress to the Tudor monarchs.

Ancestry

Footnotes

References

References

1. Barker, Jessica. (2020). "Stone Fidelity: Marriage and Emotion in Medieval Tomb Sculpture". Boydell & Brewer.
2. [[Charles Mosley (genealogist). Charles Mosley]], editor, ''Burke's Peerage and Baronetage'', 106th edition, 2 volumes (Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999), volume 1, page 220.
3. [[Alison Weir]], ''Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy'' (London, UK: The Bodley Head, 1999), pg 102, 103.
4. Licence, Amy. (2014-04-15). "Cecily Neville: Mother of Kings". Amberley Publishing Limited.
5. Neillands, Robin. (1990). "The Hundred Years War". London; New York : Routledge.
6. Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; National Archives; CP 40 / 677; http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT1/H6/CP40no677/aCP40no677fronts/IMG_0116.htm; second entry, as defendants.
7. (2008). "Design and Distribution of Late Medieval Manuscripts in England". Boydell & Brewer Ltd.
8. Barker, Jessica. (2020). "Stone Fidelity: Marriage and Emotion in Medieval Tomb Sculpture". Boydell & Brewer.
9. Barker, Jessica. (2020). "Stone Fidelity: Marriage and Emotion in Medieval Tomb Sculpture". Boydell & Brewer.
10. Woodman, Francis. (2023-01-27). "The Architectural History of Canterbury Cathedral". Taylor & Francis.