Mandiri River

Hydrology

The river flows from east to west with a length of around 100 km. The upstream of Cimandiri is located on the Mount Pasir Caringin, Sukamanah village, district of Gegerbitung and discharges into Indian Ocean near Pelabuhan Ratu. The tributaries of Cimandiri also flow from Mount Gede, Mount Pangrango, Mount Salak and Mount Halimun. The watershed (Indonesian: Daerah Aliran Sungai/DAS) of Cimandiri has a area of 201,431 hectare, stretching from around Padalarang and the conservation area of Mount Halimun at the upstream to the southwest direction until the river mouth at Pelabuhan Ratu Bay.

Tributaries

Some tributaries of Cimandiri with a length of more than 10 km, from the upstream, are:

1. Cidadap River
2. Citarik River
3. Cigadung River
4. Cicareuh River
5. Cicatih River
6. Cibojong River
7. Cibatu River
8. Citalahab River
9. Cipelang River
10. Cibeureum River
11. Cijuray River
12. Cimuncang River
13. Cikole River
14. Cikupa River

Geography

The river flows in the southwest area of Java with a predominantly tropical monsoon climate (designated as Am in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification). The annual average temperature in the area is 23 °C. The warmest month is October when the average temperature is around 26 °C, and the coldest is January, at 18 °C. The average annual rainfall is 3834 mm. The wettest month is December, with an average of 578 mm of rainfall, and the driest is September, with 35 mm of rainfall.

References

References

1. Rand McNally, ''The New International Atlas'', 1993.
2. [http://www.geonames.org/1636468/ci%20mandiri.html Ci Mandiri] – Geonames.org.
3. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305767540_KONDISI_KUALITAS_AIR_SUNGAI_AKTIVITAS_PENANGKAPAN_DAN_PEMANGKU_KEPENTINGAN_STAKEHOLDERS_PADA_PERIKANAN_SIDAT_DI_DAS_CIMANDIRI_JAWA_BARAT Kondisi Kualitas Air Sungai, Aktivitas Penangkapan, Dan Pemangku Kepentingan (Stakeholders) Pada Perikanan Sidat Di DAS Cimandiri, Jawa Barat]. Seminar Nasional Pengelolaan Pesisir Dan Daerah Aliran Sungai Ke-2, At Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. 12 Mei 2016
4. 978-602-8853-29-3
5. [https://staff.blog.ui.ac.id/tarsoen.waryono/files/2009/12/da-cimandiri-alfaris.pdf Alfaris. "Daerah Aliran Cimandiri"]. FMIPA UI.
6. [https://www.scribd.com/doc/313122170/cimandiri Giri Miharja. "Pengelolaan Ekosistem Daerah Aliran Sungai Cimandiri"]
7. (). "Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences.
8. (30 January 2016). "NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index". NASA.
9. (30 January 2016). "NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month – TRMM)". NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission.