Madison, Alabama

History

The area was occupied historically by the Koasati (also known as Coushatta), a Muskogean-speaking people. Before them were thousands of years of indigenous cultures.

Madison's first European-American resident was John Cartwright, who settled in the area in 1818. The city was originally known as "Madison Station", as it developed in the 1850s around a stop of the Memphis & Charleston Railroad. Textile mills were built in the area in the late 19th century for processing and manufacture of cotton products.

Madison was the site of a battle in the American Civil War. On May 17, 1864, Col. Josiah Patterson's 5th Alabama Cavalry, supported by Col. James H. Stuart's cavalry battalion and a section of horse artillery, drove Col. Adam G. Gorgas's 13th Illinois Infantry Regiment from the city. Patterson's men captured the 13th Illinois Regiment's wagon train, taking 66 prisoners. They also burned Union supplies and tore up the railroad tracks before retreating. Portions of the 5th Ohio Cavalry, the 59th Indiana Infantry, and the 5th Iowa Infantry were sent in pursuit from Huntsville. They skirmished with Patterson's rear guard that evening at Fletcher's Ferry on the Tennessee River south of Madison.

The town was incorporated on December 2, 1869. From 1880 to 1950, rural Madison had a population of some 400-500 residents.

In World War II and the postwar period, military and NASA operations were moved to Huntsville, stimulating an increase in population in the region. Subsidized highways stimulated suburbanization, attracting residents to outlying areas where new homes were built. By 1980, Madison's population was 4,057. In the late 20th century, Madison's population increased rapidly as it developed as a suburb of Huntsville. In 1986, Madison voters overwhelmingly voted to remain independent by not merging with Huntsville. By 2010, its population had grown to 42,938, and over the following ten years it grew to a population of 56,933.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 30.694 sqmi, of which 30.563 sqmi is land and 0.131 sqmi, is water.

Madison is located at (34.711236, -86.731024), primarily within Madison County, while extending west into Limestone County. Downtown Huntsville is 11 mi east of the center of Madison, although Huntsville also borders Madison to the south and west. Athens is 17 mi to the northwest, and Decatur is 16 mi to the southwest, across the Tennessee River.

Demographics

| align-fn = center 2020 Census

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, there were 56,933 people, 20,787 households, and 15,540 families residing in the city. The population density was 1875.1 PD/sqmi There were 21,980 housing units.

2010 census

As of the 2010 census, there were 42,938 people, 16,111 households and 11,770 families residing in the city. The population density was 1450.9 PD/sqmi. There were 17,203 housing units. The average household size was 2.65, while the average family size was 3.16. 30.8% of the population was age 19 or younger, 61.0% was 20–64, and 8.2% was 65 or older. The median age was 37.0 years. The population was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.

The racial makeup of the city was 74.0% White, 14.6% Black or African American, 0.5% Native American, 7.0% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.3% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. 4.6% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

According to the Madison Chamber of Commerce, Madison was the fastest-growing city in Alabama as of 2010.

Economy

Personal income

The median income for a household in the city was $92,136, and the median income for a family was $111,217. The per capita income for the city was $41,490. About 3.9% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.9% of those under age 18 and 3.4% of those age 65 or over.

Industry

Madison's largest employer is Intergraph, a computer software company. It is a subsidiary of Hexagon, a Swedish software company that bought Intergraph in 2008 and invested in the city and area to improve it. Currently, they are working on a streetlight maintenance program for Madison. Thousands of Madison residents commute to jobs at Cummings Research Park and Redstone Arsenal in nearby Huntsville, about 12 miles away. The high-tech and academic positions in the area have attracted numerous highly educated, professional residents.

Education

The Madison City School System, formed in 1998, serves over 10,000 students from the city of Madison and town of Triana. It has consistently been rated as one of the best school systems in the state. The current superintendent is Dr. Ed Nichols. Nationally, it ranks in the top 5 best school systems.

The school system currently has seven elementary schools serving grades K-5 (Columbia Elementary School, Heritage Elementary School, Horizon Elementary School, Madison Elementary School, Mill Creek Elementary School, Rainbow Elementary School, and Midtown Elementary School), three middle schools serving grades 6-8 (Discovery Middle School, Journey Middle School, and Liberty Middle School), and two high schools serving grades 9-12 (Bob Jones High School and James Clemens High School). There was formerly an additional elementary school, West Madison Elementary; however, it is permanently closed and planned to be adapted as a pre-K center. Madison Elementary, built about 1936, is the oldest school in the system while Journey is the newest, opening in 2023.

In 2019, Madison residents approved a voluntary property tax increase in order to fund school growth and expansion. These funds were used to build Midtown Elementary School (completed in 2020) and were also used to construct Journey Middle School, opening for the 2023–2024 school year.

Government

Media

The Madison Record and the Madison County Record have been newspapers for the city since 1967. The Madison Weekly News was another local newspaper.

Infrastructure

Roads

Madison is served by Interstate 565, US 72 (University Drive), and Madison Boulevard (Alabama State Route 20, and Alt. US 72) and Gillespie Road, as main routes for east–west traffic. Slaughter Road, Hughes Road, Wall Triana Highway, and County Line Road serve as main north–south roads in the city.

Rail and airline

The Norfolk Southern railway has the main line and a spur running through Madison. The Port of Huntsville, an intermodal center that includes Huntsville International Airport and a rail cargo center, is located just south of the city.

Transit

Dial-a-ride transit service is provided by Transportation for Rural Areas of Madison County (TRAM).

Culture and entertainment

Sports

The Rocket City Trash Pandas (formerly Mobile BayBears) is a Double A Southern League affiliate of the Los Angeles Angels that moved from Mobile, Alabama to Madison. The team was to begin play in Madison at Toyota Field beginning in April 2020, but coronavirus concerns delayed the team's debut until May 11, 2021.

Parks and greenways

The City of Madison has several greenways and parks within city limits.

Madison is working with the nearby cities of Huntsville and Decatur to create a 70-mile bicycling and walking trail.

Notable people

• Mike Ball, politician and member of the Alabama House of Representatives
• Grant Dayton, Major League baseball pitcher
• Lewie Hardage, American football player and coach, baseball coach
• Robert Hoffman, actor, dancer, and choreographer
• Bill Holtzclaw, politician and Republican member of the Alabama State Senate
• Kerron Johnson, professional basketball player
• Kerryon Johnson, professional football player free agent
• Walter Jones, former offensive lineman at Florida State and a Hall of Famer for the Seattle Seahawks
• Chip Lindsey, college football coach for Troy University
• Will Mastin, entertainer and member of the Will Mastin Trio
• Reggie Ragland, American football linebacker
• Levi Randolph, basketball player for Hapoel Jerusalem of the Israeli Basketball Premier League

References

References

1. "Municipalities of Alabama Incorporation Dates". Alabama League of Municipalities.
2. (May 2025). "2023 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau.
3. (May 2025). "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places of 20,000 or More, Ranked by July 1, 2023 Population: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023".
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5. "Explore Census Data". [[United States Census Bureau]].
6. Carney, Kristen. "Alabama Cities by population 2024".
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8. (July 31, 2011). "Huntsville annexations hem in Madison but both cities need to remain neighborly (editorial)". The Huntsville Times.
9. "Huntsville only steadily growing large city in Alabama {{!}} John Blue Realty".
10. (February 12, 2011). "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". [[United States Census Bureau]].
11. "Census of Population and Housing". United States Census Bureau.
12. "Explore Census Data".
13. "US Census Bureau, Table P16: Household Type". United States Census Bureau.
14. "Madison Chamber of Commerce – Madison, AL".
15. [http://www.madisoncity.k12.al.us/AboutUs.htm Madison City Schools - About Us] {{Webarchive. link. (March 10, 2009. madisoncity.k12.al.us)
16. Parker, Gregg. (June 2, 2021). "West Madison's legacy to thrive in memories of its friends".
17. Torres-Perez, Alex. (July 29, 2021). "New elementary school opening to help deal with Madison City Schools growth".
18. "Journey Middle School Groundbreaking".
19. [http://www.themadisonrecord.com/ The Madison Record]
20. [http://www.madisoncountyrecord.com/ Madison County Record]
21. "Madison Weekly News".
22. "TRAM".
23. Gattis, Paul. (August 1, 2019). "Trash Pandas release 2020 schedule, opening vs. Braves".
24. "Rocket City Trash Pandas Schedule".
25. (February 27, 2020). "Toyota Field Awarded Certificate of Occupancy".
26. "Greenways & Trails".
27. Petit, Rebecca. (February 6, 2019). "Singing River Trail plans to connect three North Alabama counties". WZDX-DT FOX.
28. Singleterry, Sarah. (February 5, 2019). "Singing River Trail gets positive community feedback".
29. "Board of Directors". Alabama Alliance for Arts Education.
30. (January 11, 2012). "Actor, dancer Robert Hoffman brings moves to Dance Trance". The Madison Record.
31. [http://www.legislature.state.al.us/senate/senators/senatebios/sd002.html Alabama State Senate: Bill Holtzclaw] {{webarchive. link. (February 19, 2007)
32. {{usurped
33. (March 20, 2013). "Madison Academy grad Kerron Johnson leading Belmont into third straight NCAA tournament". Alabama Media Group.
34. (January 6, 2019). "NFL Hall Of Famer Walter Jones Claims Madison His "Second" Home".
35. (August 17, 2011). "Birmingham News Super Senior Reggie Ragland ready to roll with Tide". The Huntsville Times.