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Macouria

Commune in French Guiana, France

Field	Value
name	Macouria
commune status	Commune
image	Macouria3.JPG
caption	View of the Church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste of Tonate, along the RN1 road
map size	220px
adjustable map	Locator map of Macouria 2022.png
map caption	Location of the commune (in red) within French Guiana
arrondissement	Cayenne
INSEE	97305
postal code	97355
mayor	Gilles Adelson
term	2020–2026
intercommunality	CA Centre Littoral
coordinates
elevation min m	0
elevation max m	183
area km2	377.5
population
population date
population footnotes

|image coat of arms =

Macouria (; ) is a commune of French Guiana located midway between Cayenne and Kourou, an overseas region and department of France located in South America. The seat of the commune is the settlement of Tonate, and so the commune is also known unofficially as Macouria-Tonate. The French Guiana Zoo is located in the commune.

Geography

Macouria is one of the smallest cities of French Guiana. The town is separated in the east with Matoury, by the Larivot Bridge, crossing the Cayenne River. Its southern limit is marked by the Montsinéry River, which separates it with the eponymous city. Westward there is Kourou and in the north the town is the Atlantic Ocean.

Urbanization

The population is mainly located south and along the national road RN1 because of 2 km wide mangrove swamp situated in the North.

From the Larivot bridge to the town centre, on approximately 28 km, there are many villages.
From the town center to Kourou, there are few inhabitants except in the farming areas of "La Césarée" and "Matiti".

The main inhabited zones are:

Maillard : a neighborhood which will host 600 houses on the long run organized around the blue lake, which is a former quarry.
Soula : located in the East of the town not far away from Cayenne.
Matiti: situated 10 km after the town centre, it is based on land given back by the Guiana Space Centre.

History

The area was first described in 1604 by Daniel de La Touche de La Ravardière. He counted many Amerindian settlements. Around 1716, the commune was settled with plantations. Tonat build the first house and cotton mill.

In the middle of the 19th century, Macouria was part of the canton of Cayenne. 1488 slaves stood for 93% of the population of the "neighborhood" led by Jean-Baptiste Tonat. They worked in a plantation called "La Béarnaise". On it, there were :

25 ha of sugar cane
8 ha of cofe
60 ha of roucou
1100 ha of cotton

In tribute to the leader of the neighbourhood Tonat, the zone was called "Tonate Bourg" and given to the state.

In 1848, year of the abolition of slavery some free Africans and 55 Indian migrants arrived in the city. From 1864 to 1970 the population decreased, mainly because of the lack of activity on it.

Population

|graph-pos = right |1967 |384 |1974 |490 |1982 |446 |1990 |2069 |1999 |5050 |2007 |8191 |2012 |10358 |2017 |14202

Sights

The French Guiana Zoo is located in Macouria on the road to Montsinéry.

References

(2 December 2020). "Répertoire national des élus: les maires".
"MACOURIA TONATE".
"Histoire de Macouria".
"Guide Macouria".
[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-97305#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE
"Zoo de Montsinéry".

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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