Mabalacat

Etymology

Mabalacat's name was derived from indigenous Negrito word mabalacat meaning "forest of balacats", a species of tree that was once prominent in the area.

History

Prior to 1712, Mabalacat was a barrio (barangay) of Bambang (now Bamban, Tarlac). It became a town in 1792 and was named after the abundant Balacat tree (Ziziphus talanai), a fourth-class timber tree with bark that possesses antimicrobial properties. Once a settlement of an Aeta tribe, the area was a virtual forest of balacat trees. "Ma-balacat" in the native Kapampangan language means "full of Balacats." Mabalacat in Maranao is "Mababaapalaqat" (Palacat), which means "maiksing hagdan" in Tagalog.

In 1853, Mabalacat had a population of 2,611 and four barangays, namely, Babangdapu, Duquit, Malabni, and Paglimbunan. By 1903, its population increased to 7,049 across 19 barangays. These were Bical, Bundagul, Dapdap, Dau, Dolores, Iba, Mabiga, Mamatitang, Mangalit, Matas, Mawaque, Paralayunan, Poblacion, Quitangil (later renamed to San Francisco), San Joaquin, Santa Ines, Santa Maria, Sapang Balen, and Sapang Biabas. In 1948, Mabalacat's barangays increased to 20 with the addition of Fort Stotsenburg.

In 1860, a military command was established by authorities of the Spanish Governor-General due to the lawlessness and depredations perpetrated by the negritos (Aetas, or derogatorily called balugas). The Pampanga towns of Bamban, Capas, Concepcion, Victoria, Tarlac, Magalang, Porac, and Floridablanca and Mabalacat were created into what was called a Commandancia Militar. However, in 1873, the Military Command returned Mabalacat together with the towns of Magalang, Floridablanca, and Porac to the parent province, Pampanga.

Cityhood

Main article: Cities of the Philippines

The former municipality was officially upgraded to a city through Republic Act 10164 authored by Carmelo Lazatin Sr. following a referendum on July 21, 2012, and became the third in Pampanga after Angeles City and San Fernando. It is home to roughly most of the Clark Freeport Zone, the rest in nearby Angeles, where the main gate is located. Clark International Airport, as well as the numerous hotels, casinos, golf courses, and resorts in Clark Freeport, are mostly situated in Mabalacat.

Geography

Mabalacat has a land area of 83.18 km2. It is 93 km from Manila, 10 km from Angeles, and 27 km from the provincial capital, San Fernando.

The soil is charcoal black and shiny, a sign of fertility, and is suitable for growing rice, sugarcane and other rootcrops. Like the neighbouring cities of Angeles and San Fernando and the towns/municipalities of Porac, Bacolor, Santa Rita, Mexico, Magalang and Arayat, this city rarely gets inundated by floods from heavy rains and typhoons because it is situated on an elevated, well-drained part of the Central Luzon plains known as the "Upper Pampanga".

Barangays

Mabalacat is politically subdivided into 27 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

• Atlu-Bola (San Isidro)
• Bical (San Roque)
• Bundagul (San Antonio)
• Cacutud (San Roque)
• Calumpang (San Jose Obrero)
• Camachiles (Inmaculada Concepcion)
• Dapdap (including Madapdap Resettlement: Santo Rosario)
• Dau (Center Business Downtown: San Isidro)
• Dolores (Virgen de Dolores)
• Duquit (San Jose)
• Lakandula (Virgen de Fatima)
• Mabiga (San Rafael Arkanghel)
• Macapagal Village (Inmaculada Concepcion)
• Mamatitang (San Roque)
• Mangalit (San Jose Obrero)
• Marcos Village (San Martin de Porres)
• Mawaque (Sta. Teresita)
• Paralayunan (San Antonio)
• Poblacion (Virgen de Gracia)
• San Francisco (San Francisco de Assisi)
• San Joaquin (San Joaquin y Sta. Ana)
• Santa Ines (Sta. Ines de Roma)
• Santa Maria (Sta. Maria Magdalena)
• Santo Rosario (Virgen Santo Rosario)
• Sapang Balen (San Carlos Borromeo)
• Sapang Biabas (including Mauaque Resettlement: San Vicente Ferrer)
• Tabun (San Isidro)

The largest barangay is Dau, which became a barrio in 1936 by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 1. It is now a business center whose commercial output runs parallel to that of downtown. A former terminus of the North Luzon Expressway, it is the most urban and most populous area in Mabalacat, home to roughly 23% of the city's population.

San Francisco, the second largest barangay, along with San Joaquin, Santa Ines, Poblacion, Calumpang and other barangays are categorized as urban in view of their proximity to the city proper. Sapang Balen, with a population of 166 persons, is the smallest barangay.

Climate

| Jan record high C = 33.5 | Feb record high C = 34.9 | Mar record high C = 36.5 | Apr record high C = 37.1 | May record high C = 38.3 | Jun record high C = 37.5 | Jul record high C = 36.0 | Aug record high C = 35.4 | Sep record high C = 35.1 | Oct record high C = 34.2 | Nov record high C = 34.0 | Dec record high C = 34.0 | year record high C = 38.3 | Jan record low C = 15.8 | Feb record low C = 16.9 | Mar record low C = 17.9 | Apr record low C = 19.5 | May record low C = 19.8 | Jun record low C = 20.8 | Jul record low C = 21.1 | Aug record low C = 21.7 | Sep record low C = 20.0 | Oct record low C = 18.1 | Nov record low C = 17.4 | Dec record low C = 17.0 | year record low C = 15.8 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220302064100/https://pubfiles.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/pagasaweb/files/cad/CLIMATOLOGICAL%20NORMALS%20(1991-2020)/CLARK.pdf | archive-date = March 2, 2022 | access-date = June 24, 2022}} | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220307194106/https://pubfiles.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/pagasaweb/files/cad/CLIMATOLOGICAL%20EXTREMES%20(as%20of%202020)/Clark.pdf | archive-date = March 7, 2022 | access-date = June 24, 2022}}

Demographics

Economy

Mabalacat has an average annual income of as of 2011 derived mostly from municipal license fees, land tax, Internal Revenue allotment, roads and bridges fund. In 1997, there were 2,447 business establishments registered in the Mabalacat City, consisting of 79 manufacturers mostly involved in sash factory, iron works, ceramics, bakery and 1,806 trading companies. The financial needs are served by eleven banks, mostly concentrated in Dau.

Public utilities include the Mabalacat Water System, Pampanga Electric Cooperative II (PELCO II), three telephone companies namely, Datelcom Corporation (DATELCOM), Smart Communications (SMART) and Digital Telecommunications Philippines, Incorporated (DIGITEL) and one cable television network (PRO-SAT) which runs solely for Mabalacat.

The city is also a major transportation hub; a number of major road networks including the North Luzon Expressway, Subic–Clark–Tarlac Expressway, and MacArthur Highway cut across the region. At the southern part of the city is the Dau Bus Terminal, which caters to passengers bound for Metro Manila and provinces in Northern Luzon such as Tarlac, Pangasinan, Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Nueva Ecija, La Union, Bataan, Baguio, and Zambales.

Ayala Land Logistics Holdings Corp.'s Artico Mabalacat is a cold storage at the Pampanga Technopark equipped with 19 cold rooms capable of housing 4,000 pallet positions.

Local government

Main article: Sangguniang Panglungsod

Mabalacat City Government is composed of a Mayor as a Chief Executive and Sangguniang Panlungsod headed by the City Vice Mayor and 10 Sangguniang Panlungsod members with 3 ex-officio.

The following are the elected officials of Mabalacat City who assumed office on the noon of June 30, 2025 (except for the Ex-Officio members)

• Mayor: Atty. Gerald Guttrie P. Aquino
• Vice-Mayor: Marcos T. Castro Jr.
• Sangguniang Panlungsod:

:# Miguel Ignacio M. Morales :# Timothy Paul Llanos Dee :# Victor Rene Ong :# Eroll Jake C. Soliven :# Benjamin D. Jocson :# Marjorie Grace M. Sambo :# Noelito B. Castro :# Dr. Stephen Aurelio :# Patricia Anne L. Acorda :# Elizabeth Pineda

Ex-Officio Members:

1. ABC President Rey Pineda (since December 18, 2023)
2. SK President Paul Andre Tiongco (since November 14, 2023)
3. Ruvielane S. Margarito

City Fiesta

According to legend, when the early settlers were clearing the forests, Cabezang Laureana's workers found, hidden among the bushes, a statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary with baby Jesus sitting on her lap. On February 2, the statue was presented by Caragan as a gift to Padre Maximo Manuguid, the priest of the early Mabalacat Church that was made of sawali and cogon grass. From then on, the city fiesta was observed on the second of February.

The old town hall was named Tabnuan: Mabalacat Cultural Center, or museum of arts, cultural displays and exhibits. It opened on February 28, 2024, the city’s Balacat Festival.

Pastorella

The pastorella (Misa de Pastores in honor of the shepherds at the birth of Jesus Christ - a set of Latin hymns of the 9-day Christmas Masses) ceased in Pampanga towns for 40 years after Vatican II.

In Mabalacat, however, at Our Lady of Divine Grace Parish, pastorella lives on: In the 4:30 a.m. mass on Monday, the pastorella repertoire includes the Kyrie (Lord, Have Mercy), Gloria (Glory to God in the Highest), Credo (Nicene Creed), Sanctus (Holy) and Agnus Dei (Lamb of God). The hymns are in Latin, except for Kyrie, which is in Greek.

Parishes

• Our Lady of Grace Parish (Poblacion, Mabalacat City, Pampanga)
• Our Lady of Victories Parish (Dau, Mabalacat City, Pampanga)
• San Rafael Arkanghel Parish (Mabiga, Mabalacat City, Pampanga)
• San Lorenzo Ruiz Parish (Dau Access Road, Mabalacat City, Pampanga)
• Parish of the Lord's Resurrection (Madapdap Resettlement, Dapdap, Mabalacat City, Pampanga)
• Parish of Christ the Prince of Peace (Mauaque Resettlement, Sapang Biabas, Mabalacat City, Pampanga)
• Our Lady of Sorrows Parish (Xevera, Tabun, Mabalacat City, Pampanga)

Education

There are 31 educational institutions in Mabalacat: one state college, one private college, one technical training school, two secondary public, two private high schools and 25 public elementary schools divided into two districts, Mabalacat North and Mabalacat South. Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) accredited institutions offering vocational-technical skills abound in the area.

State University

The University of the Philippines - Diliman Extension Program in Pampanga (Clark) is located in a portion of Clark Freeport Zone that is located in Mabalacat City. It offers undergraduate courses such as BA Applied Psychology, BA Business Economics and BS Business Management. It also offers a non-thesis graduate course, Master in Management (MM) (University of the Philippines Diliman - Extension Program in Pampanga, 2020).

Private schools

Private schools in Mabalacat listed with the Department of Education are Livingstone International School, Athena's Cradle Center, Inc., Brightstone Learning Center, Children of Fatima School, Inc., Christian Vision Academy Madapdap, Dee Hwa Liong College Foundation, Don Bosco Academy Pampanga (originally from Bacolor; moved to Mabalacat after lahar struck the old campus), Don Teodoro V. Santos Institute, Doña Asuncion Lee Integrated School, Great Shepherd Christian Academy, Immanuel Montessori School, Inc., Clark College of Science and Technology, Jose C. Feliciano College, Mabalacat Christian Academy, Mary Help of Christians School, Inc., Montessori School of St. Nicholas, Nehemiah Christian School, Inc., School of the Infant Jesus the Empowered Zone for Excellence in Education, Inc. Dau, Shield of Victory Christian School, St. Anthony College of Technology, St. Mutien College, and Divine Grace Academy, FDSA Aviation College of Science and Technology Inc.

Listed with and accredited by TESDA is the Asian Institute of Computer Studies (AICS), a private technical school offering I.T. courses.

Gallery

File:Mabalacat 2.JPG|Entering Mabalacat File:3691ajfChrist Prince Peace Parish Mabalacat Pampangafvf 04.JPG|Parish of Christ the Prince of Peace, located at Mauaque Resettlement, Sapang Biabas File:Mabalacat 1.JPG|Mabalacat welcome arch

Notes

References

References

1. {{DILG detail
2. "Philippine Development Plan 2015-2022".
3. "Luzon Spatial Development Framework (LSDF) 2015– 2045".
4. "Republic Act No. 10164". Presidential Communications Office.
5. "Business Establishments".
6. (December 14, 2024). "Ayala Land unit opens 5th cold storage facility". [[The Manila Times]].
7. (February 23, 2024). "Old municipio to reopen as Mabalacat City arts center". [[SunStar Cebu]].
8. Orejas, Tonette. (23 December 2007). "Latin hymns sung in masses in Pampanga". Philippine Daily Inquirer.