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List of R-phrases

Standardised phrases specifying risks associated with substances


Standardised phrases specifying risks associated with substances

R-phrases (short for risk phrases) are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. The list was consolidated and republished in Directive 2001/59/EC, where translations into other EU languages may be found.

These risk phrases are used internationally, not just in Europe, and there is an ongoing effort towards complete international harmonization using the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) which now generally replaces these risk phrases.

Risk phrases

Missing R-numbers indicate phrases that have been deleted or replaced by other phrases.

CodePhraseR1R2R3R4R5R6R7R8R9R10R11R12R14R15R16R17R18R19R20R21R22R23R24R25R26R27R28R29R30R31R32R33R34R35R36R37R38R39R40R41R42R43R44R45R46R48R49R50R51R52R53R54R55R56R57R58R59R60R61R62R63R64R65R66R67R68
Explosive when dry
Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire, or other sources of ignition
Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire, or other sources of ignition
Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds
Heating may cause an explosion
Explosive with or without contact with air
May cause fire
Contact with combustible material may cause fire
Explosive when mixed with combustible material
Flammable
Highly flammable
Extremely flammable
Reacts violently with water
Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases
Explosive when mixed with oxidising substances
Spontaneously flammable in air
In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture
May form explosive peroxides
Harmful by inhalation
Harmful in contact with skin
Harmful if swallowed
Toxic by inhalation
Toxic in contact with skin
Toxic if swallowed
Very toxic by inhalation
Very toxic in contact with skin
Very toxic if swallowed
Contact with water liberates toxic gas.
Can become highly flammable in use
Contact with acids liberates toxic gas
Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas
Danger of cumulative effects
Causes burns
Causes severe burns
Irritating to eyes
Irritating to respiratory system
Irritating to skin
Danger of very serious irreversible effects
Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect
Risk of serious damage to eyes
May cause sensitisation by inhalation
May cause sensitisation by skin contact
Risk of explosion if heated under confinement
May cause cancer
May cause heritable genetic damage.
Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure
May cause cancer by inhalation
Very toxic to aquatic organisms
Toxic to aquatic organisms
Harmful to aquatic organisms
May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Toxic to flora
Toxic to fauna
Toxic to soil organisms
Toxic to bees
May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment
Dangerous for the ozone layer
May impair fertility
May cause harm to the unborn child
Possible risk of impaired fertility
Possible risk of harm to the unborn child
May cause harm to breastfed babies
Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking
Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness
Possible risk of irreversible effects

Combinations

Code CombinationStatementR14/15R15/29R14/15/29R20/21R20/22R20/21/22R21/22R23/24R23/25R23/24/25R24/25R26/27R26/28R26/27/28R27/28R36/37R36/38R36/37/38R37/38R39/23R39/24R39/25R39/23/24R39/23/25R39/24/25R39/23/24/25R39/26R39/27R39/28R39/26/27R39/26/28R39/27/28R39/26/27/28R42/43R45/46R48/20R48/21R48/22R48/20/21R48/20/22R48/21/22R48/20/21/22R48/23R48/24R48/25R48/23/24R48/23/25R48/24/25R48/23/24/25R50/53R51/53R52/53R68/20R68/21R68/22R68/20/21R68/20/22R68/21/22R68/20/21/22
Reacts violently with water, liberating extremely flammable gases
Contact with water liberates toxic, extremely flammable gases
Reacts violently with water, liberating toxic, extremely flammable gases
Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin
Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed
Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed
Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin
Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed
Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed
Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin
Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed
Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed
Irritating to eyes and respiratory system
Irritating to eyes and skin
Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin
Irritating to respiratory system and skin
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact
May cause cancer and heritable genetic damage
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

R-phrases no longer in use

  • R13: Extremely flammable liquefied gas.
  • R47: May cause birth defects.

References

References

  1. {{CELEX. 32001L0059
Info: Wikipedia Source

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