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List of political parties in Russia

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This article discusses political parties in Russia.

The Russian Federation has a de jure multi-party system, however it operates as a dominant-party system. , six parties have members in the federal parliament, the State Duma, with one dominant party (United Russia). , 27 political parties are officially registered in the Russian Federation, 25 of which have the right to participate in elections.

History

thumb|right|200px|Certificate of state registration of political parties in Russia, issued by the [[Ministry of Justice (Russia)|Ministry of Justice of Russia]] After the Perestroika reforms in the 1980s Russia had over 100 registered parties, but the people elected to the State Duma represented only a small number of parties. After 2000, during Vladimir Putin's first presidency (2000–2008), the number of parties quickly decreased. From 2008 to 2012 there were only seven parties in Russia, and every new attempt to register new parties was blocked. The last registered party of this period was the government-organized Right Cause (now the Party of Growth) which was registered on 18 February 2009. Before the 2011 parliamentary election, about 10 opposition parties were denied registration.

In 2001, the federal law "On political parties" was adopted. All parties had to be re-registered. Parties have been assigned the status of the only type of public association that has the right to independently nominate candidates for deputies and other elective positions in government bodies. One of the major provisions of the law is the establishment of a single national status of a political party, and, as a result, the liquidation of regional and interregional political public associations. According to paragraph 1 of Article 3 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 95-FZ “On Political Parties”, a political party in Russia is recognized as "a public association created for the purpose of participation of citizens of the Russian Federation in the political life of society through the formation and expression of their political will, participation in public and political actions, in elections and referendums, as well as in order to represent the interests of citizens in state authorities and local governments".

In December 2004, amendments were introduced requiring a minimum number of party members of 50,000 and the presence of more than 45 regional branches of 500 people each. By January 1, 2006, all parties had to submit documents proving that their party structures complied with the requirements of the law on the minimum number of members and the number of regional branches.

In 2009, a bill was introduced to reduce the minimum number of party members from 50,000 to 45,000, and from 500 to 450 members in regional branches. This law came into effect on January 1, 2010. The minimum number of party members was reduced again on January 1, 2012, to 40,000 and to 400 members per regional branch.

On February 28, 2012, an election law was adopted meaning parties were exempted from collecting signatures and making a cash deposit for nominating a party and its candidate, and gubernatorial elections were restored. The number of required signatures for candidates for the presidential elections was reduced from 2 million to 100,000 for party candidates, and 300,000 for self-nominated candidates. The electoral threshold for parties was also reduced from 7% to 5%.

On March 20, 2012, the State Duma approved a presidential bill to reduce the minimum number of political party members from 40,000 to only 500 people, and from 500 to 5 members for a regional branch.

However, after a series of mass protests and a 2011 European Court decision on the case of the Republican Party of Russia (now the People's Freedom Party), the law changed and the number of registered parties quickly increased to more than 48 .

Party of Power

Main article: Party of power

A "party of power" refers to a political party that has a close relationship with the executive branch of government such that the party appears to function as an extension of the executive rather than as an autonomous political organization. The concept resembles that of a cartel party. These parties are considered by some to have been especially established for support of the incumbent president or prime minister in the Russian parliament:

Inter-regional Deputies Group/Democratic Russia (1990–1993, Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union/Congress of People's Deputies of Russia/Supreme Soviet of Russia)
Democratic Choice of Russia (1993–1994)
Our Home – Russia (1995–1999)
Unity (1999–2001/2003)
A Just Russia - For Truth (the second "party of power", supporting Vladimir Putin and opposing United Russia)
United Russia (2001–present)

Voter demographics

According to studies, United Russia voters in 2007 were younger and more market-oriented than the average voter. The party's electorate includes a substantial share of government employees, pensioners and military personnel, who are dependent on the state for their livelihood. Sixty-four percent of United Russia supporters are female. In the run-up to the 2011 Duma elections, it was reported that support for United Russia was growing among young people.

In April 2023, a survey on the issue of the dissolution of the United Russia Party was conducted among Russians. About 2,500 people participated in the survey, mostly aged 45+. The question was "Is it necessary to dissolve the United Russia party with the inability of its members to participate in political life in the future?" the answers were distributed as follows: 65% stated: "I am for dissolution without permission to participate in political life in the future", 3% stated "I am against dissolution", 6% stated "I am for dissolution, but with permission to participate in political life in the future", and 26% stated "I am for the dissolution of all bourgeois parties".

Current parties

All parties registered with the Ministry of Justice have the right to participate in any elections across the country. A list of registered parties is placed on the Ministry website. In December 2012, there were 48 registered parties in Russia; 7 of them are currently represented in the State Duma as of 2021.

Parties represented in the [[Federal Assembly (Russia)|Federal Assembly]]

Party	Est.	Leader	Ideology	State Duma	Federation Council	Regional
position	Alliances	United Russia}}"		Communist Party of the Russian Federation}}"		A Just Russia}}"	Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}}"	New People (political party)}}"	Rodina (political party)}}"	Civic Platform (Russia)}}"
[[File:ЕдРо (лог).svg	50px]]	ER
ЕР	United Russia
Единая Россия	2001	Dmitry Medvedev	Statism
Russian conservatism
Russian nationalism				Big tent	ONF
[[File:KPRF Logo.svg	50px]]	KPRF
КПРФ	Communist Party of the Russian Federation
Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации	1993	Gennady Zyuganov	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Left-wing nationalism
Neo-Stalinism (factions)				Far-left	UCP–CPSU
International:
IMCWP
[[File:Справедливая Россия 2025.svg	50px]]	SR
СР	A Just Russia
Справедливая Россия	2006	Sergey Mironov	Social democracy
Democratic socialism
Social conservatism
Russian nationalism				Centre to
centre-left	ONF
[[File:Flag of the LDPR (Current version).svg	50px]]	LDPR
ЛДПР	Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
Либерально-демократическая партия России	1992	Leonid Slutsky	Pan-Slavism
Monarchism
Social conservatism
Right-wing populism
Ultranationalism				Right-wing
to far-right
50px]]	NL
НЛ	New People
Новые люди	2020	Alexey Nechayev	Communitarianism
Regionalism
Direct democracy				Centre-right	SPPS
[[File:Partia logo new.svg	50px]]	Rodina
Родина	Rodina
Родина	2012	Aleksey Zhuravlyov	Russian nationalism
Russian conservatism
Social conservatism
Right-wing populism				Far-right	ONF
[[File:Эмблема партии Гражданская Платформа.svg	50px]]	GP
ГП	Civic Platform
Гражданская платформа	2012	Rifat Shaykhutdinov	Liberal conservatism
Economic liberalism				Centre-right

Parties represented in the [[Regional parliaments of Russia|regional parliaments]]

Name	Founded	Leader	Ideology	Position
	RPPSJ
РППСС	Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice
Российская партия пенсионеров за социальную справедливость	2012	Erik Prazdnikov	Pensioners' interests
Elderly interests
Social justice
Single-issue politics		Centre
[[File:Logo of the Communists of Russia.svg	50px]]	CPCR
КПКР	Communist Party "Communists of Russia"
Коммунистическая партия «Коммунисты России»	2012	Maxim Suraykin	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Stalinism
Anti-revisionism		Far-left	International:
IMCWP (observer)
[[File:Логотип Яблоко маленький прозрачный.svg	50px]]	Yabloko
Яблоко	Russian United Democratic Party "Yabloko"
Российская объединённая демократическая партия «Яблоко»	1993	Nikolay Rybakov	Social liberalism
Progressivism
Feminism
Pro-Europeanism		Centre-left	International:
LI
European:
EGP (associated faction)
	T-NV
Т-НВ	Tatarstan — New Age
Татарстан — новый век	2023	Rinat Zakirov	Tatar nationalism
Environmentalism
Putinism		Big Tent
[[File:2023 logo of the Russian Ecological Party "The Greens".svg	50px]]	The Greens
Зелёные	Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"
Российская экологическая партия «Зелёные»	2012		Green politics
Agrarianism		Centre to centre-left	ONF
EAGP
	GA!
ЗА!	Green Alternative
Зелёная альтернатива	2020	Ruslan Khvostov	Green politics
Environmentalism
Pro-Europeanism		Centre-left
[[File:The logo of the social protection Party.png	50px]]	PSP
ПСЗ	Political party of Social Protection
Политическая партия социальной защиты	2012	Vladimir Mikhailov	Social justice	Centre
50px]]	PDD
ППД	Party of Direct Democracy
Партия прямой демократии	2020	Oleg Artamonov	Direct democracy
E-democracy		Centre-right

Parties in [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine]]

Name	Founded	Leader	Ideology	Location	Representation in
regional legislature
Donetsk Republic (political party)}}"			Donetsk Republic	2005	Denis Pushilin	Russian nationalism
Donbas separatism
Free Donbas}}"		[[File:Free Donbas logo.svg	50px]]	Free Donbas	2014	Vladimir Medvedev	Russian nationalism
Donbas separatism
Peace for Lugansk Region}}"		[[File:Logo of the Peace for Lugansk Region.svg	50px]]	Peace to Luhanshchyna	2014	Leonid Pasechnik	Donbas separatism
Centrism (self-declared)
Luhansk Economic Union}}"			Luhansk Economic Union	2014		Donbas separatism
Liberal conservatism
New Russia Party}}"		[[File:War flag of Novorussia.svg	50px]]	New Russia Party	2014	Pavel Gubarev
Ekaterina Gubareva	Russian nationalism
Eurasianism
	[[File:Logo of the Volodymyr Saldo Bloc.png	50px]]	Volodymyr Saldo Bloc	2019	Vladimir Saldo	Kherson regionalism
Decentralization
Russophilia

List of registered parties

No.	Full name	Short name	Abbr.	Ideology	Position	Leader(s)	Created
next legislative election	Note	Presidential	Legislative
1	United Russia}};"		[[File:ЕдРо_(лог).svg	50px]]	All-Russian political party "United Russia"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Единая Россия"	United Russia	UR
ЕР	Conservatism (Russian)
Statism
Cultural nationalism (Russian)
Putinism	Big tent	Dmitry Medvedev	2001	2003	DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)	49.82% (Party list)
45.86% (SMC)
(324 seats)
2	Communist Party of the Russian Federation}};"		[[File:KPRF Logo.svg	50px]]	Political party "Communist Party of the Russian Federation"
Политическая партия "Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации"	Communist Party	CPRF
КПРФ	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Democratic socialism
Soviet patriotism
Neo-Stalinism	Far-left	Gennady Zyuganov	1990	2002	4.37%
(Nikolay Kharitonov)	18.93% (Party list)
16.35% (SMC)
(57 seats)
3	Liberal Democratic Party of Russia}};"		[[File:Flag_of_the_LDPR_(Current_version).svg	50px]]	Political party LDPR – Liberal Democratic Party of Russia
Политическая партия ЛДПР – Либерально-демократическая партия Россия	Liberal Democratic Party	LDPR
ЛДПР	Russian ultranationalism
Right-wing populism
Social conservatism
Economic interventionism
Pan-Slavism	Right-wing to far-right	Leonid Slutsky	1992	2002	3.24
(Leonid Slutsky)	7.55% (Party list)
5.89% (SMC)
(21 seats)
4	Yabloko}};"		[[File:Логотип Яблоко маленький прозрачный.svg	50px]]	Political party "Russian United Democratic Party "Yabloko""
Политическая партия "Российская объединенная демократическая партия "Яблоко"	Yabloko
Яблоко	Social liberalism
Progressivism
Feminism
Pro-Europeanism	Centre to centre-left	Nikolay Rybakov	1995	2003	DNP	1.34% (Party list)
1.99% (SMC)
(0 seats)		MJ profile
CEC profile
Website
5	A Just Russia – For Truth}};"		[[File:Logo of the A Just Russia — Patriots — For Truth.svg	50px]]	Socialist Political Party "A Just Russia"
Социалистическая политическая партия "Справедливая Россия"	A Just Russia – For Truth	SRZP
СРЗП	Social democracy
Democratic socialism
National conservatism
Eurasianism	Centre to Centre-left	Sergey Mironov
Zakhar Prilepin	2006	2006	DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)	7.46% (Party list)
8.78% (SMC)
(27 seats)
6	Democratic Party of Russia}};"		[[File:DPR logo.svg	50px]]	Political party "Democratic Party of Russia"
Политическая партия "Демократическая партия России"	Democratic Party	DPR
ДПР	Conservatism
Populism	Centre-right to right-wing	Alexander Zorin	1990	2012	DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)	DNP
7		[[File:Политическая партия «Партия прогресса».png	50px]]	Political Party "Party of Progress"
Политическая партия "Партия прогресса"	Party of Progress	PP
ПП			Andrey Poda	2012	2012	DNP	DNP
8	Russian Party of Freedom and Justice}};"		50px]]	Political party "Russian Party of Freedom and Justice"
Политическая партия "Российская партия свободы и справедливости"	Party of Freedom and Justice	RPFJ
РПСС	Social democracy
Russian nationalism
Patriotism
Federalism	Centre-left	Ilmi Shagan	2012	2012	DNP	0.77% (Party list)
0.68% (SMC)
(0 seats)
9	Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"}};"		[[File:2023 logo of the Russian Ecological Party "The Greens".svg	50px]]	Political party "Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"
Политическая партия "Российская экологическая партия «Зелёные»	REP "The Greens"
РЭП «Зелёные»	Green politics
Agrarianism	Centre
Alexandra Kudzagova
Sergey Shakhmatov
Rufina Shagapova	1993	2012	DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)	0.91% (Party list)
0.98% (SMC)
(0 seats)		MJ profile
CEC profile
Website
10	Communists of Russia}};"		[[File:Logo_of_the_Communists_of_Russia.svg	50px]]	Political party Communist Party Communists of Russia
Политическая партия Коммунистическая партия Коммунисты России	Communists of Russia	CPCR
КПКР	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Stalinism
Anti-revisionism	Far-left	Sergey Malinkovich	2009	2012	DNP	1.27% (Party list)
2.98% (SMC)
(0 seats)
11		[[File:Партия за справедливость.jpg	50px]]	All-Russian political party "Party for Fairness!"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Партия за справедливость!"	Party for Fairness!	PARZAS!
ПАРЗАС!	Social democracy	Centre-left	Vladimir Ponomarenko	2012	2012	DNP	DNP
12		[[File:The logo of the social protection Party.png	50px]]	Political party of Social Protection
Политическая партия социальной защиты	Party of Social Protection	PSP
ПСЗ	Populism		Vladimir Mikhailov	2012	2012	DNP	DNP
13	Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice}};"			Political party "Russian Party of Pensioners for Social Justice"
Политическая партия "Российская партия пенсионеров за социальную справедливость"	Party of Pensioners	RPPSJ
РППСС	Pensioners' interests
Elderly interests
Social justice
Single-issue politics	Centre	Erik Prazdnikov	1997	2012	DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)	2.45% (Party list)
3.58% (SMC)
(0 seats)
14	Civic Platform (Russia)}};"		[[File:Эмблема_партии_Гражданская_Платформа.svg	50px]]	Political party "Civic Platform"
Политическая партия "Гражданская платформа"	Civic Platform	CP
ГП	Conservatism
Economic liberalism	Right-wing	Rifat Shaykhutdinov	2012	2012	DNP	0.15% (Party list)
0.70% (SMC)
(1 seat)
15	Rodina (political party)}};"		[[File:Partia_logo_new.svg	50px]]	All-Russian political party "Rodina"
Всероссийская политическая партия "Родина"	Rodina
Родина	Russian nationalism
Russian conservatism
National conservatism
Social conservatism
Right-wing populism	Far-right	Aleksey Zhuravlyov	2003	2012	DNP
(endorsed Vladimir Putin)	0.80% (Party list)
1.51% (SMC)
(1 seat)		MJ profile
CEC profile
Website
16			Political party "Cossack Party of the Russian Federation"
Политическая партия "Казачья партия Российской Федерации"	Cossack Party	CosPRF
КаПРФ	Cossack interests
Christian conservatism	Right-wing	Sergey Kolosok	2013	2013	DNP	DNP
17	Party of Russia's Rebirth}};"		[[File:PVR_logo.svg	50px]]	Political party "Party of Russia's Rebirth"
Политическая партия "Партия возрождения России"	Party of Russia's Rebirth	PRR
ПВР	Social democracy
Democratic socialism	Centre-left	Igor Ashurbeyli	2002	2013	DNP	DNP
18	New People (political party)}};"		50px]]	Political party "New People"
Политическая партия «Новые люди»	New People	NP
НЛ	Liberalism
Communitarism
Regionalism	Centre to centre-right	Alexey Nechayev	2020	2020	3.90%
(Vladislav Davankov)	5.32% (Party list)
4.88% (SMC)
(13 seats)
19	Green Alternative (Russia)}};"			Political party "Green Alternative"
Политическая партия «Зелёная альтернатива»	Green Alternative	GA
ЗА	Green politics
Environmentalism
Pro-Europeanism	Centre-left	Ruslan Khvostov	2020	2020	DNP	0.64% (Party list)
0.22% (SMC)
(0 seats)
20	Party of Direct Democracy (Russia)}};"		50px]]	Political party "Party of Direct Democracy"
Политическая партия «Партия прямой демократии»	Party of Direct Democracy	PDD
ППД	Direct democracy
E-democracy	Centre to centre-right	Oleg Artamonov	2020	2020	DNP	DNP

Historical parties (1991–present)

Far-left

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)
[[File:Значок КАС.jpg	60px]]	Confederation of Anarcho-Syndicalists
Конфедерация анархо-синдикалистов	CAS
КАС
Anarcho-syndicalism
Syndicalism	1988–1995
	Committee for Workers' Democracy and International Socialism
Комитет за рабочую демократию и международный социализм	CWDIS
КРДМС		Marxism
Trotskyism	1990–1999
Succeeded by RWP
	Party of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat
Партия диктатуры пролетариата	PDP
ПДП	Grigory Isayev	Communism
Proletarian internationalism	1990–2020
[[File:Emblem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1978–1991), Emblem of the Russian Federation (1991–1992).svg	60px]]	Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Коммунистическая партия Российской Советской Федеративной Социалистической Республики	CP RSFSR
КП РСФСР
Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Left-wing nationalism	1990–1993
(banned in 1991)
Succeeded by CPRF
	Russian Communist Workers Party
Российская коммунистическая рабочая партия	RCWP
РКРП	Viktor Anpilov
Viktor Tyulkin	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Anti-revisionism
Stalinism	1991–2001
Merged into RCWP-RPC

Российская партия коммунистов
Революционная партия коммунистов	RPC
РПК		Communism
Marxism	1991–2001
Merged into RCWP-RPC

Коммунисты — Трудовая Россия — За Советский Союз	KTR
КТР	Viktor Tyulkin
Viktor Anpilov	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Anti-revisionism
Soviet patriotism	1995–1999
	Stalin Bloc – For the USSR
Сталинский блок — За СССР	SB
СБ	Yevgeny Dzhugashvili
Viktor Anpilov
Communism
Stalinism
Marxism-Leninism
Anti-revisionism
Soviet patriotism
National Communism	1997–1999
[[File:Logo of the Socialist Resistance (Russia).svg	60px]]	Socialist Resistance
Социалистическое сопротивление	SocSopr
СоцСопр	Collective leadership	Socialism
Trotskyism	1998–2011
Successed by SA
60px]]	Russian Communist Workers' Party – Revolutionary Party of Communists
Российская коммунистическая рабочая партия – Революционная партия коммунистов	RCWP-RPC
РКРП-РПК	Viktor Tyulkin	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Anti-revisionism	2001–2007
(officially deregistered)
[[File:Flag of the Resistance Movement named after Petr Alexeev.png	60px]]	Pyotr Alexeyev Resistance Movement
Движение сопротивления имени Петра Алексеева	DSPA
ДСПА	Dmitry Zhvania	Socialism
Self-management socialism	2004–2012
[[File:Logo of the All-Russian Communist Party of the Future.svg	60px]]
Всероссийская коммунистическая партия будущего	VKPB
ВКПБ	Vladimir Tikhonov
Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Soviet patriotism	2004–2009
[[File:Logo Vpered.gif	60px]]	Socialist League "Forward"
Социалистическое движение «Вперёд»	SLV
СДВ	Collective leadership	Trotskyism
Eco-socialism
Socialist feminism	2005–2011
Merged into RSM
60px]]
Межпрофессиональный союз трудящихся	MPST
МПСТ	Collective leadership	Anarcho-communism
Anarcho-syndicalism	2008–2019
[[File:Logo of the Russian Labour Front.svg	60px]]	Russian United Labour Front
Российский объединённый трудовой фронт	ROT FRONT
РОТ ФРОНТ	Viktor Tyulkin
Sergei Udaltsov	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Socialism	2010–2020
(officially deregistered)
[[File:Logo of the Russian Maoist Party (2022).svg	60px]]	Russian Maoist Party
Российская маоистская партия	RMP
РМП		Communism
Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
Anti-revisionism
Proletarian internationalism
Marxist feminism	2000

Left-wing

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)
	Civil United Green Alternative
Гражданская объединённая зелёная альтернатива	GROZA
ГРОЗА	Oleg Mitvol (2009–2012)	Green politics
Alter-globalism
Anti-fascism
Social justice	1991–2012
[[File:Logo of the Labour Party (Russia).svg	60px]]
Партия труда	PT
ПТ	Oleg Smolin	Democratic socialism
Syndicalism	1992–1994
[[File:Logo of the Agrarian Party of Russia (2013).svg	60px]]	Agrarian Party of Russia
Аграрная партия России	APR
АПР	Mikhail Lapshin Vladimir Plotnikov	Agrarian socialism
Collectivist anarchism	1993–2008
Merged into United Russia
Re-founded in 2012
	Socialist United Party of Russia
Социалистическая единая партия России	SEPR
СЕПР	Alexey Podberezkin
Ivan Rybkin
Socialism
Socialist patriotism
Christian left	2002–2007
Merged into A Just Russia
[[File:Patriots of Russia (party).png	60px]]	Patriots of Russia
Патриоты России	PR
ПР	Gennady Semigin	Democratic socialism
Social democracy
Left-wing nationalism
Soviet patriotism	2005–2021
Merged into SRZP

Centre-left

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)	Ideology
	Social Democratic Party of Russia
Социал-демократическая партия России	SDPR
СДПР
Social democracy
Social liberalism
Democratic socialism	1990–2011
	Civic Union
Гражданский союз	CU
ГС	Arkady Volsky	Social democracy
Anti-Yeltsinism
Federalism	1992–1994
	Russian Ecological Party "The Greens"
Российская экологическая партия «Зелёные»	REP "The Greens"
РЭП «Зелёные»
Green politics
Environmentalism	1992–2008
Merged into A Just Russia
Re-founded in 2012
	Russian Party of Social Democracy
Российская партия социальной демократии	RPSD
РПСД	Alexander Yakovlev
Konstantin Titov	Social democracy
Liberal democracy	1994–2002
Merged into SDPR
[[File:Logo of the Ivan Rybkin Bloc.svg	60px]]	Ivan Rybkin Bloc
Блок Ивана Рыбкина	Rybkin Bloc
Блок Рыбкина	Ivan Rybkin	Social democracy
Agrarianism	1995–1995
	Trade Unions and Industrialists – Union of Labour
Профсоюзы – Промышленники России – Союз труда	ST
СТ		Trade unionism
Industrialism	1995–1996
	Party of Workers' Self-Government
Партия самоуправления трудящихся	PST
ПСТ	Svyatoslav Fyodorov	Social democracy
Social liberalism	1995–2006
	Russian United Social Democratic Party
Российская объединённая социал-демократическая партия	RUSDP
РОСДП	Mikhail Gorbachev	Social democracy	2000–2001
Reorganized to SDPR
[[File:PVR logo.svg	60px]]	Party of Russia's Rebirth
Партия возрождения России	PVR
ПВР	Gennady Seleznyov	Social democracy
Democratic socialism
Humanism
Federalism
Civic nationalism	2000–2008
Merged into Patriots of Russia
Re-founded in 2012
	Social Democratic Party of Russia
Социал-демократическая партия России	SDPR
СДПР	Mikhail Gorbachev
Konstantin Titov	Social democracy
Democratic socialism	2001–2007
Succeeded by USD
	Party of Social Justice
Партия социальной справедливости	PSJ
ПСС	Vladimir Kishenin
Alexey Podberezkin	Democratic socialism
Progressivism
Social conservatism	2002–2008
Merged into A Just Russia
	Union of Greens of Russia
Союз зелёных России	UGR
СЗР	Alexey Yablokov	Green politics
Environmentalism
Civil rights	2004–2006
Merged into Yabloko
	Union of Social Democrats
Союз социал-демократов	USD
ССД	Mikhail Gorbachev	Social democracy	2007–2013
	Green Alliance
Альянс зелёных	GA
АЗ	Oleg Mitvol
Gleb Fetisov	Grassroots democracy
Green politics
Social democracy	2012–2019
	Social Democratic Party of Russia
Социал-демократическая партия России	SDPR
СДПР	Sirazhdin Ramazanov	Social democracy	2012–2019

Centrist

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)	Ideology
	Russian Democratic Reform Movement
Российское движение демократических реформ	RDRM
РДДР	Gavriil Popov
Anatoly Sobchak	Liberal democracy
Pro-CIS
Federalism	1992–1995
	Dignity and Charity
Достоинство и милосердие	DC
ДМ
Nikolai Gubenko
Vyacheslav Grishin	Disability rights
Federalism	1993–1993
	Future of Russia — New Names
Будущее России — Новые имена	BRNI
БРНИ	Vyacheslav Lashchevsky	Youth politics
Social policies	1993–1994
	Women of Russia
Женщины России	ZhR
ЖР	Alevtina Fedulova
Yekaterina Lakhova	Feminism
Women's rights	1993–1999
	Party of Russian Unity and Accord
Партия российского единства и согласия	PRES
ПРЕС	Sergey Shakhray	Reformism	1993–1999
Merged into Unity
	Russian Party of Pensioners
Российская партия пенсионеров	RPP
РПП	Sergei Atroshenko
Igor Zotov	Pensioners' interests
Elderly interests
Social justice
Single-issue politics
Social conservatism	1997–2007
Merged into A Just Russia
Re-founded in 2012
	Fatherland – All Russia
Отечество – Вся Россия	OVR
ОВР	Yury Luzhkov
Yevgeny Primakov	Civic nationalism
Social liberalism
Regionalism	1998–2002
Merged into United Russia
	People's Party of the Russian Federation
Народная партия Российской Федерации	NPRF
НПРФ	Gennady Raikov
Gennady Gudkov	Centrism
Lobbyism	1999–2007
Merged into A Just Russia
	Russian Party of Life
Российская партия жизни	RPL
РПЖ	Sergey Mironov	Economic liberalism
Third Way
Russian nationalism	2002–2006
Merged into A Just Russia
	Union of People for Education and Science
Союз людей за образование и науку	UPES
СЛОН		Social liberalism
Support of science and education	2002–2007
	Civilian Power
Гражданская сила	GS
ГС
Mikhail Barshchevsky	Green politics	2002–2008
Merged into Right Cause
2012–2025
[[File:Logo of the Committee 2008.png	60px]]	Committee 2008: A Free Choice
Комитет 2008: Свободный выбор	Committee 2008
Комитет 2008	Garry Kasparov	Liberalism
Liberal democracy	2004–2005
Succeeded by The Other Russia
[[File:Logo of the Our Choice (Russia).png	60px]]	Russian Democratic Party "Our Choice"
Российская демократическая партия «Наш выбор»	Our Choice
Наш выбор	Irina Khakamada	Liberalism
Social liberalism	2004–2006
Merged into RNDS
[[File:Logo of the Yabloko — United Democrats.png	60px]]	Yabloko-United Democrats
Яблоко — Объединённые демократы	Yabloko-UD
Яблоко-ОД		Social liberalism
Liberal conservatism
Green politics
Pro-Europeanism	2005–2005
	Russian People's Democratic Union
Российский народно-демократический союз	RNDS
РНДС	Mikhail Kasyanov	Liberalism	2006–2012
Merged into RPR–PARNAS
[[File:Logo of The Other Russia (Coalition).png	60px]]	The Other Russia
Другая Россия	DR
ДР	Garry Kasparov
Eduard Limonov
Mikhail Kasyanov	Big tent
Liberal democracy
National democracy
Social democracy
Social liberalism
Civic nationalism
National bolshevism	2006–2010
[[File:Logo of the Independent Democratic Party of Russia.png	60px]]	Independent Democratic Party of Russia
Независимая демократическая партия России	IDPR
НДПР	Mikhail Gorbachev
Alexander Lebedev	Liberalism
Social liberalism	2008–2014/16
	People's Freedom Party "For Russia without Lawlessness and Corruption"
Партия народной свободы «За Россию без произвола и коррупции»	PARNAS
ПАРНАС	Mikhail Kasyanov
Vladimir Milov
Boris Nemtsov
Vladimir Ryzhkov	Liberalism
Liberal democracy
Anti-corruption	2010–2012
Succeeded by RPR–PARNAS
[[File:NPR (2012).svg	60px]]	People's Party of Russia
Народная партия России	PPR
НПР	Andrei Bogdanov
Stanislav Aranovich	Centrism
Populism
Anarchism (factions)	2012–2019
[[File:Logo of the Agrarian Party of Russia (2013).svg	60px]]	Agrarian Party of Russia
Аграрная партия России	APR
АПР	Olga Bashmachnikova	Agrarianism
Agricultural policy
Centrism	2012–2019
	Party of Pensioners of Russia
Партия пенсионеров России	PPR
ППР
Nikolay Chebotarev	Pensioners' interests	2012–2019
		Party of Good Deeds	PDD
ПДД		Populism
Environmentalism	2014–2022

Centre-right

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)	Years active	Christian Democratic Party of Russia}};"
	Democratic Union
Демократический союз	DU
ДС	Valeriya Novodvorskaya	Classical liberalism
Neoliberalism
Laissez-faire
Anti-Sovietism
Anti-communism
Anti-fascism
Individualism
Atlanticism	1988–2014
	Conservative Party of Russia
Консервативная партия России	CPR
КПР		Conservatism
Liberal conservatism
Anti-communism	1989–2005
[[File:Logo of the Peasant Party of Russia.png	60px]]	Peasant Party of Russia
Крестьянская партия России	KPR
КПР		Liberalism
Agrarianism
Anti-communism	1990–1999
	Russian Christian Democratic Party
Российская христианско-демократическая партия	RCDP
РХДП		Christian democracy
Conservatism	1990–2002
[[File:Logo of the Party of Economic Freedom (Russia).png	60px]]	Party of Economic Freedom
Партия экономической свободы	PEF
ПЭС	Konstantin Borovoy	Liberalism
Neoconservatism
Economic liberalism	1992–2003
Merged into SPS
	Democratic Choice of Russia
Демократический выбор России	DVR
ДВР	Yegor Gaidar	Liberalism
Conservative liberalism
Liberal conservatism
Economic liberalism	1993–2001
Merged into SPS
60px]]	Forward, Russia!
Вперёд, Россия!	FR
ВР	Boris Fyodorov	Liberal democracy
Liberal conservatism
Patriotism
Conservatism	1995–2002
Merged into RPR
[[File:Logo of the Our Home – Russia.svg	60px]]	Our Home – Russia
Наш дом — Россия	NDR
НДР	Viktor Chernomyrdin	Liberalism
Liberal conservatism
Fiscal conservatism	1995–2006
Merged into United Russia
[[File:Logo of the Democratic Choice of Russia – United Democrats.png	60px]]	Democratic Choice of Russia – United Democrats
Демократический выбор России — Объединенные демократы	DVR-OD
ДВР-ОД	Yegor Gaidar	Liberal conservatism
Anti-communism	1995–1995
[[File:Союз правых сил.svg	60px]]	Union of Right Forces
Союз правых сил	SPS
СПС	Sergey Kiriyenko
Boris Nemtsov
Nikita Belykh
Leonid Gozman	Liberal conservatism
Conservative liberalism
Neoliberalism
Economic liberalism
Pro-Europeanism	1999–2008
Succeeded by Right Cause
	Liberal Russia
Либеральная Россия	LR
ЛР
Sergei Yushenkov
Boris Berezovsky	Liberalism
Liberal conservatism	2000–2004
	New Course — Automobile Russia
Новый курс — Автомобильная Россия	NCAR
НКАР
Boris Fyodorov
Leonid Olshansky	Liberalism
Liberal conservatism
Drivers' rights
Anti-militarism	2003–2003
	People's Party "For Women of Russia"
Народная партия «За женщин России»	NPZZhR
НПЗЖР	Galina Latysheva
Galina Khavraeva	Women's rights
Conservatism
Neoconservatism
Single-issue party	2007–2019
[[File:Логотип партии "Правое дело".svg	60px]]	Right Cause
Правое дело	PD
ПД	Boris Titov
Mikhail Prokhorov
Leonid Gozman
Liberal conservatism
Conservative liberalism
Economic liberalism
Pro-Europeanism
in 2012-2016:
National democracy
National patriotism	2008–2016
Succeeded by Party of Growth
[[File:Logo of the Party of Growth (2020).svg	50px]]	Party of Growth
Партия роста	PR
ПР	Boris Titov	Liberal conservatism
Conservative liberalism
Economic liberalism	2016–2024
[[File:Гражданская инициатива лого.svg	50px]]	Civic Initiative	Andrey Nechayev	Liberalism
Conservative liberalism	2013–2025

Right-wing

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)
	Constitutional Democratic Party – Party of Popular Freedom
Конституционно-демократическая партия – Партия народной свободы	KDP-PNS
КДП-ПНС	Mikhail Astafyev
Sergei Rogozin	Russian nationalism
National conservatism
Constitutionalism
Anti-Yeltsinism	1991–2001
Merged into People's Will
Re-founded in 2008
[[File:Logo of the Russian All-People's Union.svg	60px]]	Russian All-People's Union
Российский общенародный союз	ROS
РОС	Sergey Baburin	National conservatism
Russian nationalism
Pochvennichestvo
Right-wing socialismSocial conservatism	1991–2001
Merged into People's Will
Re-founded in 2008, Dissolved in 2025

Congress of Russian Communities
Конгресс русских общин	CRC
КРО	Dmitry Rogozin
Alexander Lebed
Yury Skokov	Russian nationalism
National conservatism
Traditionalism	1992–2004
Merged into Rodina in 2004
Re-founded in 2006
Merged into Rodina in 2012
	Popular Patriotic Party
Народно-патриотическая партия	NPP
НПП	Alexander Kotenev
Anatoly Gil	Russian nationalism
Social conservatism
Veterans of Afghan war' interests
Yeltsinism	1992–1999
Merged into Unity
	Social Patriotic Movement "Power"
Социал-патриотическое движение «Держава»	Derzhava
Держава	Alexander Rutskoy
Konstantin Zatulin	Russian nationalism
Social conservatism
Patriotism
Social patriotism
Right-wing populism
Pan-Slavism	1995–1999
Merged into OVR
	Power to the People!
Власть — народу!	VN
ВН	Nikolai Ryzhkov
Sergey Baburin
Yelena Shuvalova	Patriotism
Social conservatism
Pochvennichestvo
Right-wing socialism	1995–1995

Народно-республиканская партия России	NRPR
НРПР	Alexander Lebed
Vladimir Kushnerenko	National conservatism
Social conservatism
Third way
Statism	1995–2007
	Russian Socialist Party
Русская социалистическая партия	RSP
РСП	Vladimir Bryntsalov	Moderate conservatism
Traditionalism
Social conservatism	1996–2001
Merged into United Russia
	Inter-Regional Movement "Unity"
Межрегиональное движение "Единство"	Unity
Единство	Sergey Shoygu
Vladimir Putin	Conservatism
Fiscal conservatism
Russian nationalism
Centrism (officially)	1999–2001
Reorganized to United Russia
[[File:Narodnyi soyuz Logo.svg	60px]]
[[File:Logo of the People's Will (Russian political party, 2001-2007).png	60px]]	People's Union
Народный союз
Party of National Revival "People's Will"
Партия национального возрождения «Народная Воля»	NS
НС
Narodnaya Volya
Народная Воля	Sergey Baburin	Russian nationalism
Conservatism
National conservatism
Social conservatism
Pochvennichestvo
Patriotism	2001–2008
Successed by ROS
	За Русь святую	ZRS
ЗРС		Christian patriorism
Conservatism
Social conservatism
Right-wing socialism
Patriotism	2002–2005
[[File:Flag of the Russian Empire (black-yellow-white).svg	60px]]	Monarchist Party of Russia
Монархическая партия России	MPR
МПР	Anton Bakov
Karl Emich of Leiningen	Restoration of the Russian monarchy
Constitutional monarchism
Russian conservatism	2012–Present
[[File:LogoPVO.svg	60px]]	Great Fatherland Party
Партия Великое Отечество	PVO
ПВО	Nikolai Starikov	Conservatism
National conservatism
Russian nationalism
Centrism	2013–2020

Far-right

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)	Ideology
[[File:Flag of the National Patriotic Front.svg	60px]]	National Patriotic Front "Memory"
Национально-патриотический фронт «Память»	Pamyat
Память	Dmitri Vasilyev	Russian ultranationalism
Neo-fascism
Orthodox nationalism
Christian fundamentalism
Anti-communism
antisemitism
Anti-zionism
Anti-Masonry
Traditionalism
National conservatism
Monarchism
[[File:National Republican Party of Russia.png	60px]]	National Republican Party of Russia
Национально-республиканская партия России	NRPR
НРПР		Russian ultranationalism
Mono-national state
Anti-internationalism
Anti-cosmopolitanism
Anti-communism
[[File:Russian National Unity Emblem.svg	60px]]	Russian National Unity
Русское национальное единство	RNU
РНЕ	Alexander Barkashov	Neo-Nazism
Russian nationalism
Antisemitism
Islamophobia
Anti-immigration
Anti-communism
Third Position
[[File:Flag of Russia (1914-1917) colored.svg	60px]]	Russian All-National Union
Русский общенациональный союз	RONS
РОНС		Russian ultranationalism
Orthodox nationalism
Christian fundamentalism
National capitalism
White nationalism
Anti-communism
Anti-Sovietism
Antisemitism
Anti-LGBT
Pan-Slavism
	People's Liberation Movement "Ours"
Народно-освободительное движение «Наши»	Nashi
Наши	Alexander Nevzorov	Russian nationalism
Soviet nationalism
Statism
Chauvinism
	Russian Party
Русская партия	RP
РП	Viktor Korchagin
Vladimir Miloserdov	Russian ultranationalism
Russian irredentism
Antisemitism
Economic liberalism
Anti-Christianity
60px]]	Front of National Revolutionary Action
Фронт национал-революционного действия	FNRD
ФНРД		Russian ultranationalism
Revolutionary nationalism
Neo-Fascism
Neo-Nazism
Strasserism
Antisemitism
Russian imperialism
Orthodox fundamentalism
[[File:Flag of the NSDAP (1920–1945).svg	60px]]	Oprichny Dvor
Опричный двор
National Socialist Russian Workers' Party
Национал-социалистическая русская рабочая партия	Oprichniks
Опричники
NSRWP
НСРРП	Mikhail Yurievich Glukhov	Mikhail Glukhov	Russian ultranationalism
Neo-fascism
Neo-Nazism
Anti-Americanism
Anti-Turkism
Anti-communism
[[File:Flag of Russian National Union.svg	60px]]	Russian National Union
Русский национальный союз
Russian National Socialist Party
Русская национальная социалистическая партия	RNU
РНС
RNSP
РНСП	Konstantin Kasimovsky	Neo-Nazism
White power
Racism
Antisemitism
Anti-caucasian
Orthodox nationalism

Партия свободы	PS
ПС		Russian ultranationalism
Neo-nazism
Neo-fascism
White nationalism
Anti-immigration
Anti-democracy
antisemitism
Anti-communism
60px]]	People's National Party
Народная национальная партия	PNP
ННП	Aleksandr Ivanov-Sukharevsky	Russian ultranationalism
Neo-fascism
Neo-Nazism
White nationalism
Racism
Antisemitism
Statism
[[File:SlavS.svg	60px]]	Slavic Union
Славянский союз	SS
СС	Dmitry Demushkin	Neo-Nazism
White supremacism
Pan-Slavism
Anti-communism
Xenophobia
Antisemitism
Anti-LGBT
	Conceptual Party "Unity"
Концептуальная партия «Единение»	CPU
КПЕ		*Social Security Conception
of Dead Water*
Conspiracy theory
Occultism
Neopaganism
Neo-Stalinism
antisemitism
Anti-communism
Anti-Christianity
Anti-Western sentiment
	New Russian National Unity
Новое Русское национальное единство	VOPD RNU
ВОПД РНЕ	Mikhail Lalochkin
Yevgeny Lalochkin	Neo-Nazism
Russian ultranationalism
Monarchism
Orthodox nationalism
Xenophobia
	National Sovereignty Party of Russia
Национально-державная партия России	NDPR
НДПР	Alexander Sevastyanov
Stanislav Terekhov	Russian nationalism
Ethnic nationalism
Antisemitism
[[File:Dpni logo.svg	60px]]	Movement Against Illegal Immigration
Движение против нелегальной иммиграции	DPNI
ДПНИ
Alexander Belov
Vladimir Yermolayev	Russian nationalism
Ethnic nationalism
Anti-immigration
Xenophobia
Anti-Islam
[[File:Flag of National Socialist Society 01.svg	60px]]	National Socialist Society
Национал-социалистическое общество	NSO
НСО	Political Council	Neo-Nazism
Neo-fascism
Russian ultranationalism
[[File:Swarog-1.gif	50px]]	Northern Brotherhood
Северное братство	NB
СБ		Russian ultranationalism
Revolutionary nationalism
Ethnic nationalism
Russian separatism
Neo-Nazism
Anti-immigration
Anti-caucasian
Antisemitism
Nordicism
	People's Militia named after Minin and Pozharsky
Народное ополчение имени Минина и Пожарского	NOMP
НОМП	Vladimir Kvachkov	Russian nationalism
Ultranationalism
Antisemitism
Militarism
Orthodox nationalism
Soviet patriotism
[[File:Logo of the Russians (Nationalist movement).png	60px]]	Ethno-political Association "Russians"
Этнополитическое объединение «Русские»	Russians
Русские	Dmitry Demushkin
Alexander Belov	Russian nationalism
Ethnic nationalism
Anti-immigration
[[File:Bandera Canton de Dota.svg	60px]]	Nation and Freedom Committee
Комитет «Нация и свобода»	NFC
КНС		Russian ultranationalism
Anti-communism
Anti-immigration
European nationalism
Pan-Slavism
60px]]	Male State
Мужское государство	MG
МГ		National patriarchy
Russian ultranationalism
Antifeminism
Homophobia
Anti-immigration

Syncretic

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)
	National Salvation Front
Фронт национального спасения	NSF
ФНС	Collective leadership	Statism
National patriotism
Russian nationalism
Left-wing nationalism
Soviet patriotism
Anti-Yeltsinism	1992–1994
(banned in 1993)
[[File:National Bolshevik Party flag.svg	50px]]	National Bolshevik Party
Национал-большевистская партия	NBP
НБП	Eduard Limonov	National Bolshevism
Russian nationalism
Neo-Sovietism
Russian irredentism
Anti-Western sentiment	1993–2007
Succeeded by The Other Russia
	Beer Lovers Party
Партия любителей пива	BLP
ПЛП	Dmitry Shestakov
Joke party
Patriotism
Protectionism
Environmentalism
Anti-establishment	1993–1998
	Spiritual Heritage
Духовное наследие	SH
ДН	Alexey Podberezkin	Russian nationalism
Moderate nationalism
Patriotism
Statism	1995–2002
	Party of Peace and Unity
Партия мира и единства	PME
ПМЕ	Sazhi Umalatova	Internationalism
Eurasianism
Putinism
Anti-Americanism
Soviet nationalism	1996–2008
Merged into Patriots of Russia
Re-founded in 2012
[[File:Logo of the People's Patriotic Union of Russia.svg	50px]]	People's Patriotic Union of Russia
Народно-патриотический союз России	NPSR
НПСР	Gennady Zyuganov
Gennady Semigin	Patriotism
Nationalism
Statism
Soviet patriotism	1996–2010
Merged into Patriots of Russia
[[File:Logo of the People's Will Army.png	60px]]	People's Will Army
Армия воли народа
For Responsible Government
За ответственную власть	AVN
АВН
ZOV
ЗОВ	Yury Mukhin	Delocracy
Russian nationalism
National democracy
Left-wing nationalism
Anti-Bureaucracy
Neo-Stalinism
antisemitism	1997–2011
2011–2015
[[File:Party RODINA (Russia).svg	60px]]	National Patriotic Union "Rodina"
Народно-патриотический союз «Родина»	NPS "Rodina"
НПС «Родина»	Dmitry Rogozin
Sergey Glazyev
Yury Skokov	Russian patriotism
Social democracy
Protectionism
Economic nationalism	2003–2006
Merged into A Just Russia
Re-founded in 2012
60px]]	National Bolshevik Front
Национал-большевистский фронт	NBF
НБФ	Alexei Golubovich
Maksim Shurkin	National Bolshevism
Eurasianism
Anti-Limonov tendency
Russian ultranationalism
Revolutionary socialism
Left-wing nationalism
Anti-liberalism
Factions:
Strasserism
Antisemitism
Ethnocentrism	2006–2016
[[File:Logo of the Artpodgotovka.svg	60px]]	Interregional Social Movement "Artpodgotovka"
Межрегиональное общественное движение «Артподготовка»	Artpodgotovka
Артподготовка	Vyacheslav Maltsev	Populism
National democracy
Russian nationalism
Left-wing nationalism
Socialism
Anti-communism
Liberalism
Direct democracy	2013–2017
[[File:Logo of the For Truth (Political party, Russia).svg	60px]]	For Truth
За правду	ZP
ЗП	Zakhar Prilepin	National conservatism
Paternalistic conservatism
Russian nationalism
Anti-liberalism
Authoritarian capitalism
National patriotism
Hard euroscepticism	2020–2021
Merged into SRZP

Regionalist parties

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)	Ideology	Political position	Years active
[[File:Circassian flag.svg	60px]]	Adyghe Hase
Адыгэ Хасэ	AH
АГ	{{plainlist		Circassian nationalism	Big tent	1988–present (Adygea, Krasnodar Krai)
1988–1993 (Kabardino-Balkaria)
1989–1995 (Karachay-Cherkessia)
	Nijsxo
Нийсхо	N
Н	Issa Dashlakiyev	Ingush nationalism	Big tent	1988–present
(unregistered)
	Khostug Tyva
*Свободная Тува
Хостуг Тыва*	KhT
СТ
ХТ	Kaadyr-ool Bicheldey	Tuvan nationalism
Anti-communism
Anti-Russian sentiment
Pan-Turkism	Big tent	1989–?
	Sakha Omuk
Саха Омук	SO
СО		Yakut nationalism
Anti-communism
Pan-Turkism	Big tent	1990–1994
[[File:Flag of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.svg	60px]]	Vainakh Democratic Party
*Вайнахская демократическая партия
Вайнехан Демократан Цхьанкхетаралла*	VDP
*ВДП
ВДЦ*	Zelimkhan Yandarbiev	Chechen separatism
Chechen nationalism
Anti-communism	Big tent	1990–1993
	Buryat-Mongolian People's Party
*Бурят-Монгольская народная партия
Буряад-Монгол Арадай Нам*	BMPP
*БМНП
БМАН*	Mikhail Ochirov	Buryat nationalism
Pan-Mongolism
Anti-communism	Big tent	1990–1997
[[File:Emblem of the Tatarstan ASSR.svg	60px]]	Communist Party of the Republic of Tatarstan
*Коммунистическая партия Республики Татарстан
Татарстан Республикасы коммунистлар партиясе*	CPRT
*КПРТ
ТРКП*	Robert Sadykov
Communism
Marxism–Leninism	Far-left	1991–2002
Merged into CPRF
	Union for the National Revival of Alania
Союз национального возрождения Алании	UNRA
СНВА	Aleksandr Ramonov	National Bolshevism
Ossetian nationalism
Soviet patriotism	Far-left	1991–?
	Fatherland Socialist Party
Отечество
Фыдыбӕстӕ	F
О
Ф	Vadim Baskayev	Socialism
Ossetian nationalism
Anti-Ingush sentiment	Left-wing	1993–2004
	Styr Nyxas
Стыр Ныхас	SN
СН	Mikhail Gioyev	Ossetian nationalism
Styr Nyxas
Anti-Ingush sentiment
Anti-militarism		1993–?
[[File:Flag Baltic republican party.svg	60px]]	Baltic Republican Party
Балтийская республиканская партия	BRP
БРП	Sergei Pasko
Rustam Vasiliev	Kaliningrad independence
Kaliningrad autonomism
Social liberalism
Pro-Europeanism
Anti-communism	Centre-right	1993–2005
[[File:Mari Ushem coat of arms.svg	60px]]	Mari National Rebirth Party "Ushem"
Марийская партия национального возрождения "Ушем"	Ushem
Ушем	Vladimir Kozlov	Mari nationalism	Big tent	1917–1918 (banned)
1989–?
	Russian Unity
*Русское единство
Руська єдність*	RE
РЕ
РЄ	Maksym Kovalenko
Sergey Aksyonov	Russian nationalism
Russian irredentism
Russophilia
Crimean regionalism	Right-wing	2008–2014
Merged into United Russia

Soviet parties (1917–1991)

CPSU and factions

Name	Abbr.	Leader(s)
[[File:КПСС.svg	60px]]	**Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Коммунистическая партия Советского Союза**	CPSU
КПСС	Vladimir Lenin
Joseph Stalin
Georgy Malenkov
Nikita Khrushchev
Leonid Brezhnev
Yuri Andropov
Konstantin Chernenko
Mikhail Gorbachev
Vladimir Ivashko	Communism
Marxism–Leninism	Far-left	1917–1991
	Left Communists
Левые коммунисты	Nikolai Bukharin	Left communism
World revolution	1918–1921
	Group of Democratic Centralism
Группа демократического централизма	Valerian Obolensky
Timofei Sapronov
Vladimir Smirnov
Andrei Bubnov
Yakov Drobnis	Left communism
Democratic centralism	1919–1923
	Workers' Opposition
Рабочая оппозиция	Alexander Shliapnikov
Sergei Medvedev
Alexandra Kollontai
Yury Lutovinov	Trade unionism
Council communism
Anti-bureaucratism	1920–1922
	Workers' Truth
Рабочая правда	Fanya Shutskever
Efim Shulman
Vladimir Khaikevich
Yakov Budnitsky
Pauline Lass-Kozlova
Oleg Vikman-Beleev
Nellie Krym	Anti-bureaucratism	1921–1923
	Right Opposition
Правая оппозиция	Nikolai Bukharin
Alexei Rykov
Mikhail Tomsky	Agrarian socialism
Anti-Stalinism
New Economic Policy
Anti-Collectivization	1921–1933
	Left Opposition
Левая оппозиция	Leon Trotsky	Trotskyism
Anti-Stalinism
Industrialism	1923–1927
	Workers Group of the Russian Communist Party
Рабочая группа Российской коммунистической партии	Gavril Myasnikov	Left communism
Anti-bureaucratism
Workplace democracy	1923–1930
	United Opposition
Объединённая оппозиция	Leon Trotsky
Grigory Zinoviev
Lev Kamenev	Anti-New Economic Policy
Anti-Stalinism
Industrialism	1926–1933
	Left-Right Bloc
Право-левый блок	Vissarion Lominadze
Sergey Syrtsov
Jan Sten	Anti-Stalinism
Anti-Collectivization	1929–1933
	Union of Marxist-Leninists
Союз марксистов-ленинцев	Martemyan Ryutin
Vasily Kayurov	Anti-Stalinism	1932–1932
	Anti-Party Group of Malenkov, Kaganovich, Molotov and Shepilov, who joined them
Антипартийная группа Маленкова, Кагановича, Молотова и примкнувшего к ним Шепилова	Georgy Malenkov
Lazar Kaganovich
Vyacheslav Molotov
Dmitri Shepilov	Anti-Khrushchevism
Anti-De-Stalinization	1957–1957
	Bolshevik Platform
Большевистская платформа	Nina Andreyeva	Anti-Perestroika
Neo-Stalinism
Anti-liberalism	1988–1991
Succeeded by VKPB
	United Workers' Front
Объединённый фронт трудящихся	Viktor Stepanov
Mikhail Popov
Igor Malyarov	Soviet patriotism
Proletarian internationalism
Anti-separatism	1989–1991
Succeeded by RCWP
	Democratic Platform
Демократическая платформа	Yury Afanasyev
Boris Yeltsin
Telman Gdlyan
Nikolay Ivanov
Nikolay Travkin
Igor Chubais
Vyacheslav Shostakovsky
Alexander Minzhurenko	Perestroika
Democratization
Social liberalism	1989–1991
Succeeded by RPRF
	Communist Initiative Movement
Движение коммунистической инициативы	Viktor Tyulkin
Albert Makashov	Foundation of the Russian Communist Party
Anti-capitalism
Left-wing nationalism	1989–1991
Succeeded by RCWP
	Marxist Platform
Марксистская платформа	Alexander Buzgalin
Sergey Skvortsov
Alexey Prigarin
Andrey Kolganov
Anatoly Kryuchkov	Orthodox Marxism
Marxism–Leninism	1990–1992
Succeeded by RCWP, RPC and SK
	Democratic Movement
Демократическое движение	Anatoly Sobchak
Gavriil Popov
Vladimir Lysenko
Vyacheslav Shostakovsky
Alexander Rutskoy	Social democracy
Democratization	1990–1992
Succeeded by NPSR

Clandestine and illegal parties

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)	Ideology	Political position	Years active	Socialist-Revolutionary Party}};"
[[File:Eser flag (Въ борьбѣ обрѣтешь ты право свое!).svg	60px]]	Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
Партия левых социалистов-революционеров	Left SRs
Левые эсеры	Boris Kamkov
Mark Natanson
Maria Spiridonova	Agrarian socialism
Anti-Bolshevism
Revolutionary socialism
Narodism	Far-left	1917–1921
Clandestine since 1918
	True Communists
Истинные коммунисты	TC
ИК	Ivan Yatsuk
Yuri Shokk
Alexander Elin
Shamil Gubaidulin
Kamil Salakhutdinov	Marxism
Anti-Stalinism
Left communism	Far-left	1940–1940
[[File:LAF seal 2.png	50px]]	Lithuanian Activist Front
*Литовский фронт активистов
Lietuvių Aktyvistų Frontas*	LAF
ЛФА	Kazys Škirpa	Lithuanian independence
Nazism
Anti-communism
Antisemitism
Anti-Polonism	Far-right	1940–1941
[[File:Flag of Russian Liberation People's Army.svg	60px]]	People's Socialist Party of Russia "Viking"
Народная социалистическая партия России «Викинг»	NSPR
НСПР	Konstantin Voskoboinik
Bronislav Kaminski	Nazism
Russian nationalism
Russian collaborationism
Antisemitism
Anti-communism	Far-right	1941–1943
			Vladimir Gil	collaborationism	Far-right	1942
				Russian nationalism collaborationism	Far-right	1943-?
	Communist Party of Youth
Коммунистическая партия молодёжи	CPM
КПМ	Anatoly Zhigulin	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Anti-Stalinism	Left-wing to far-left	1946–1949
	All-Union Democratic Party
Всесоюзная демократическая партия	VDP
ВДП	Alexander Tarasov
Viktor Belkin	Anti-Stalinism
Socialism	Left-wing	1948–1948
				Russian nationalism
Ethnic nationalism
Antisemitism	Far-right	1950s-1980s
	Union of Struggle for the Cause of the Revolution
Союз борьбы за дело революции	SBDR
СБДР	Boris Slutsky
Evgeny Gurevich
Vladilen Furman	Anti-Stalinism
Revolutionary socialism	Far-left	1950–1951
	Baltic Federation
*Балтийская федерация
Baltijas federācija*	BF
БФ	Gunārs Rode
Dailis Rijnieks
Jānis Rijnieks
Aina Zābaka
Ziedonis Rozenbergs
Viktors Kalniņš
Uldis Ofkants	Anti-Sovietism
Latvian nationalism
Latvian independence	Right-wing	1957–1962
	Soviet Revolutionary Communists (Bolsheviks)
Советские революционеры-коммунисты (большевики)	RC (b)
РК (б)		Stalinism
Anti-revisionism
Marxism–Leninism
Communism	Far-left	1960-1991
			S. D. Khakhaev	Khruschevism
Anti-Brezhnevism
Anti-Stalinism
Communism	Far-left	1963-1965
	National United Party
*Национальная объединённая партия
Ազգային Միացյալ Կուսակցություն*	NUP
*НОП
ԱՄԿ*	Haykaz Khachatryan
Paruyr Hayrikyan	Armenian nationalism
Armenian independence
National democracy
Liberalism
Anti-communism	Big tent	1966–1987
Succeeded by UNSD
	Free Russia Party
Партия свободной России
Revolutionary Workers' Party
Революционная рабочая партия	PSR
ПСР
RWP
РРП	Victor Pestov
Nikolay Shaburov	Anti-communism
Anti-Sovietism		1968–1970
	Group of Revolutionary Communism
Группа революционного коммунизма	GRK
ГРК	Alexander Romanov
Oleg Senin
Valentin Kirikov	Marxism
Social democracy	Left-wing	1972–1972
	All-Russian Social-Christian Union for the Liberation of the People
Всероссийский социал-христианский союз освобождения народа	VSKhSON
ВСХСОН	Igor Ogurtsov	Anti-communism
Russian nationalism
Social Christianity
Third Position	Right-wing to far-right	1972–1972
	Socialist Party of the Soviet Union
Социалистическая партия Советского Союза	SPSU
СПСС	Alexander Ganyushkin	Democratic socialism
Self-governing socialism	Left-wing	1972–1972/1990-1992
	Left School
Левая школа	LS
ЛШ	Natalia Magnat
Olga Barash
Inna Okup	Marxism–Leninism
Trotskyism
Atheistic existentialism
New Left	Far-left	1972/73–1977
	Party of New Communists
Партия новых коммунистов	PNC
РНК	Alexander Tarasov
Vasily Minorsky	Neo-communism
Orthodox Marxism
Marxism–Leninism
Revolutionary socialism
Direct democracy
Trotskyism
Neo-anarchism
Anti-Stalinism	Far-left	1972/73–1977
	Neo-Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Неокоммунистическая партия Советского Союза	NCPSU
НКПСС	Alexander Tarasov
Natalia Magnat
Vasily Minorsky
Olga Barash
Igor Dukhanov	Neo-communism
Atheistic existentialism
Communism
Guevarism
Neo-Marxism
Anti-clericalism
Trotskyism
New Left	Far-left	1974–1985
			Boris Kagarlitsky	Social democracy (faction)	Left-wing	1977-1982
	Democratic Union
Демократический союз	DU
ДС	Valeriya Novodvorskaya	Classical liberalism
Neoliberalism
Laissez-faire
Anti-Sovietism
Anti-communism
Anti-fascism
Individualism
Atlanticism	Centre-right	1988–2014

Parties of the multi-party period

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)
	Democratic Union
Демократический союз	DU
ДС	Valeriya Novodvorskaya	Classical liberalism
Neoliberalism
Laissez-faire
Anti-Sovietism
Anti-communism
Anti-fascism
Individualism
Atlanticism	Centre-right	1988–2014
[[File:Flag of the LDPSU.svg	60px]]	Liberal Democratic Party of the Soviet Union
Либерально-демократическая партия Советского Союза	LDPSU
ЛДПСС	Vladimir Bogachov
Vladimir Zhirinovsky	Russian nationalism
Ultranationalism
Right-wing populism
Monarchism
Before 1990:
Liberalism
Liberal conservatism	Right-wing to far-right
Before 1990:
Centre-right	1989–1992
[[File:DPR logo.svg	60px]]	Democratic Party of Russia
Демократическая партия России	DPR
ДПР	Nikolay Travkin	Anti-communism
Centrism
Liberalism	Centre-right	1990–1992
	Socialist Party
Социалистическая партия	SP
СП	Boris Kagarlitsky
Anatoliy Baranov
Alexander Kolpakidi
Vladimir Kondratov	Democratic socialism
Self-governing socialism	Left-wing	1990–1992
	Social Democratic Party of Russia
Социал-демократическая партия России	SDPR
СДПР	Pavel Kudyukin
Oleg Rumyantsev
Alexander Obolensky	Social democracy
Social liberalism
Democratic socialism	Centre-left	1990–2011
[[File:Flag of the USSR (1936-1955).svg	50px]]	All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks
Всесоюзная Коммунистическая партия большевиков	VKPB
ВКПБ	Nina Andreyeva	Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Bolshevism
Anti-revisionism
Stalinism	Far-left	1991–

Parties of the Russian Empire (1721–1917)

[[1905 Russian Revolution|Pre-revolutionary]] organizations

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)
[[File:P1488-e1468143624900.jpg	60px]]	Decembrist Societies
Общества декабристов	Decembrists
Декабристы	Sergei Trubetskoy
Nikita Muravyov
Pavel Pestel
Sergey Muravyov-Apostol
and others	Constitutional monarchism
Anti-Tsarist autocracy
Anti-Serfdom
Republicanism (factions)
	Petrashevsky Circle
Кружок Петрашевского	Petrashevtsy
Петрашевцы	Mikhail Petrashevsky	Utopian socialism
Agrarian socialism
[[File:Zemlya i volya.svg	60px]]	Land and Liberty
Земля и воля	Zemlevolists
Землевольцы	Collective leadership	Narodism
Agrarianism
Agrarian socialism (1860–64)
Anarcho-collectivism (1876–1879)
	Committee of Russian Officers in Poland
Комитет русских офицеров в Польше	KROP
КРОП	Vasily Kaplinski
Jarosław Dąbrowski
Andrey Potebnya
Zygmunt Padlewski	Narodism
Republicanism
	Grand Propaganda Society
Большое общество пропаганды	Tchaikovtsy
Чайковцы	Nikolai Tchaikovsky
Sophia Perovskaya
Mark Natanson	Narodism
Revolutionary socialism
	Bashenists
Башенцы	Grigory Popko
Innokenty Voloshenko
Fedor Shcherbina	Radical Narodism
Republicanism	1874–1877
60px]]	Narodnaya Volya
Народная воля	Narodovolists
Народовольцы	Collective leadership	Narodism
Agrarian socialism
Left-wing terrorism
Revolutionary socialism
	Black Repartition
Чёрный передел	BR
ЧП	Georgi Plekhanov
Pavel Axelrod
Osip Aptekman
Leo Deutsch
Vera Zasulich	Narodism
Agrarian socialism
Revolutionary socialism
Federalism
	Emancipation of Labour
Освобождение труда	OT
ОТ	Georgi Plekhanov
Pavel Axelrod	Marxism
Scientific socialism
	Social Revolutionary Party of People's Right
Социально-революционная партия Народного права	People's Right
Народное право	Mark Natanson
Nikolay Tyutchev	Narodism
Revolutionary democracy
	League of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class
Союз борьбы за освобождение рабочего класса	SBORK
СБОРК	Vladimir Ulyanov	Marxism
Social democracy
	Workers' Party for the Political Liberation of Russia
Рабочая партия политического освобождения России	RPPOR
РППОР	Grigory Gershuni
Catherine Breshkovsky	Narodism
Revolutionary socialism
	Workers' Banner
Рабочее знамя	WB
РЗ	Sergey Andropov
Lydia Dan
Viktor Nogin	Social democracy
Anti-Economism

[[1905 Russian Revolution|Post-revolutionary]] parties

Left-wing

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)
60px]]	General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Poland and Russia
*Всеобщий еврейский рабочий союз в Литве, Польше и России
אלגעמײנער יידישער ארבעטער־בונד אין ליטע, פױלן און רוסלאנד*	Bund
*Бунд
בונד*	Victor Alter	Bundism
Socialism
Jewish Autonomism
Non-Zionism
Secularism	1897–1921
	Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия	RSDLP
РСДРП	Vladimir Ulyanov (Bolsheviks)
Julius Martov (Mensheviks)	Marxist socialism
Revolutionary socialism
Social democracy	1898–1912
[[File:Socialist Revolutionary Party poster 1917 detail.svg	60px]]	Socialist Revolutionary Party
Партия социалистов-революционеров	Esers
Эсеры	Viktor Chernov	Agrarian socialism
Revolutionary socialism
Democratic socialism
Federalism
Neo-Narodism	1902–1921
	Zionist Socialist Workers Party
*Сионистско-социалистическая рабочая партия
ציוניסטישע סאציאליסטישע ארבעטער פארטיי*	SS
*СС
צס*	Naum Syrkin
Ber Borochov	Socialism
Zionism
Territorialism	1905–1917
merged into UJSWP
	Jewish Socialist Workers Party
*Социалистическая еврейская рабочая партия
סאציאליסטישע יידישע ארבעטער פארטײ*	SEPR
*СЕРП
סיאפ*	Chaim Zhitlowsky	Socialism
National personal autonomism	1905/6-1917
merged into UJSWP
[[File:Flag of the Russian Popular Socialist Party.svg	60px]]	Labour Popular-Socialist Party
Трудовая народно-социалистическая партия	Enes's
Энесы	Alexey Peshekhonov
Nikolai Annensky
Venedikt Miakotin	Neo-Narodism
Popular socialism
Agrarian socialism
Social democracy
Left-wing nationalism	1906–1921
[[File:Poalei Zion.png	60px]]	Jewish Social Democratic Labour Party (Poalei Zion)
*Еврейская социал-демократическая партия (Поалей Цион)
יידישע סאציאל דעמאקראטישער ארבעטער פארטיי (פאלעי ציון)*	JSDLP(PZ)
*ЕСДРП(ПЦ)
יסדאפ (פצ)*	Ber Borochov
Yitzhak Ben-Zvi	Marxism
Socialist Zionism
Socialism
Centrist Marxism	1906–1928
	Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries-Maximalists
Союз социалистов-революционеров-максималистов	Maximalists
Максималисты	Mikhail Sokolov
Vladimir Mazurin	Revolutionary socialism
Neo-Narodism
Left-wing terrorism
Anti-capitalism	1906–1911,
1917-1919
	Labour Group
Трудовая группа	Trudoviks
Трудовики	Alexey Aladyin
Alexander Kerensky	Social democracy
Neo-Narodism
Agrarian socialism	1906–1921
[[File:Все сознательные граждане Российской республики голосуют за РСДРП (1917).jpg	60px]]	Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks)
Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия (большевиков)	RSDLP(b)
РСДРП(б)	Vladimir Lenin
Grigory Zinoviev	Communism
Bolshevism	1912–1918
Successed by RCP(b)
	Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Mensheviks)
Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия (меньшевиков)	RSDLP(m)
РСДРП(м)	Julius Martov
Pavel Axelrod
Fyodor Dan	Social democracy
Democratic socialism
Menshevism	1912–1918
	Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (Internationalists)
Российская социал-демократическая рабочая партия (интернационалистов)	Mezhraiontsy
Межрайонцы	Leon Trotsky
Moisei Uritsky
Adolph Joffe
V. Volodarsky	Marxist socialism
Proletarian internationalism
Bolshevism-Menshevism	1913–1917
Merged into RSDLP(b)
[[File:Eser flag (Въ борьбѣ обрѣтешь ты право свое!).svg	60px]]	Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
Партия левых социалистов-революционеров	Left SRs
Левые эсеры	Boris Kamkov
Mark Natanson
Maria Spiridonova	Agrarian socialism
Anti-Bolshevism (since 1918)
Revolutionary socialism
Neo-Narodism	1917–1921
[[File:Socialist red flag.svg	50px]]	Russian Socialist Labour Party of Internationalists
Российская социалистическая рабочая партия интернационалистов	RSLPI
РСРПИ	Boris Avilov
Vladimir Bazarov
Viacheslav Volgin
Nikolai Sukhanov	Marxist socialism
Proletarian internationalism	1917–1920
Merged into RCP(b)
	Party of Narodnik Communists
Партия народников-коммунистов	PNC
ПНК	Grigoriy Zaks	Communism
Neo-Narodism	1918-1918
Merged into RCP(b)
	Party of Revolutionary Communism
Партия революционного коммунизма	PRC
ПРК	Mark Natanson
Alexei Ustinov
Andrei Kolegayev	Integral socialism
Neo-Narodism	1918–1920
Merged into RCP(b)
[[File:Poalei Zion.png	60px]]	Jewish Communist Party (Poalei Zion)
*Еврейская коммунистическая партия (Поалей Цион)
יידישע קאמוניסטישע פארטיי (פאאלעי ציון)*	JСP(PZ)
*ЕКП (ПЦ)
יקפ (פצ)*	Central Committee	Communism
Marxism
Proletarian internationalism
Socialist Zionism	1919–1922
Merged into RCP(b)
[[File:Darker green and Black flag.svg	60px]]	Union of Working Peasants
Союз трудового крестьянства	STK
СТК	Alexander Antonov
Pyotr Tokmakov	Anti-communism
Neo-Narodism
Agrarian socialism
Revolutionary socialism	1920–1921

Centrist and moderate

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)	Ideology
	Progressive Economic Party of the Russian Empire
Прогрессивно-экономическая партия Российской империи
Commercial and Industrial Union of the Russian Empire
Торгово-промышленный союз Российской империи
Commercial and Industrial Party of the Russian Empire
Торгово-промышленная партия Российской империи	PEP
ПЭП
TPS
ТПС
TPP
ТПП	Grigory Krestovnikov	Anti-socialism
Bourgeoisie interests	1905-1905
	Party of the Legal Order
Партия правового порядка	PPP
ППП	Anatoly Savenko	Constitutional monarchism
Russian nationalism	1905–1917
	Ittifaq al-Muslimin
*Иттифак аль-Муслимин
İttifaqi-Müslimin
اتفاق المسلمين*	Ittifaq
*Иттифак
اتفاق*	Alimardan bey Topchubashov
Khalil bey Khasmammadov
Abdurrahim bey Hagverdiyev	Islamic liberalism
Jadidism
Constitutional monarchism	1905–1917
[[File:Svoboda, Kadet symbol.svg	60px]]	Constitutional Democratic Party
Конституционно-демократическая партия	Kadets
Кадеты	Pavel Miliukov	Constitutionalism
Constitutional monarchism
Liberal democracy
Parliamentarism
Political pluralism
Social liberalism	1905–1917
	Union of October 17
Союз 17 октября	Octoberists
Октябристы	Alexander Guchkov	Reformism
Liberal conservatism
Constitutional monarchism	1905–1917
	Union of freedom, Truth and Peace
Союз свободы, истины и мира	UFTP
ССИМ	Ivan Prokhanov
Nikolay Odintsov
Pyotr Frizen	Christian democracy
Mennonism
Evangelical Christianity
Left Baptism
Constitutional monarchism	1905–1906
	Party of Democratic Reform
Партия демократических реформ	PDR
ПДР	Maksim Kovalevsky	Classical liberalism	1906–1907
Merged into Progressive Party
	Party of Peaceful Renovation
Партия мирного обновления	PMO
ПМО	Pyotr Heiden
Nikolay Lvov	Liberal conservatism
Classical liberalism	1906–1907
Merged into Progressive Party
	Progressive Party
Прогрессивная партия	Progressists
Прогрессисты	Aleksandr Konovalov
Ivan Yefryemov	Classical liberalism
Conservative liberalism
Constitutional monarchism	1907–1917

Right-wing

Name	Abbr.	Leader (s)
	Russian Assembly
Русское собрание	RS
РС	Dmitri Golitsyn
Nikolai Engelhardt	Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality
Monarchism
Conservatism
Russian nationalism
	Russian Brotherhood
Русское братство	RB
РБ	major Protsenko
Pyotr Zhukov	Black Hundreds
Tsarist monarchism
Great Russian nationalism
National conservatism
Christian fundamentalism
antisemitism
[[File:Нагрудный Значок Союза Русского Народа .png	60px]]	Union of the Russian People
Союз русского народа	URP
СРН	Alexander Dubrovin
Nikolai Markov	Black Hundreds
Tsarist monarchism
Russia for Russians
Triune Russian nation
Great Russian nationalism
Conservatism
Orthodox fundamentalism
Right-wing populism
Anti-Ukrainian sentiment
Pochvennichestvo
antisemitism
	Union of the Russian Men
Союз русских людей	URM
СРЛ	Alexander Shcherbatov
Pavel Sheremetev
Pyotr Sheremetev	Black Hundreds
Tsarist monarchism
Great Russian nationalism
Conservatism
Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality
antisemitism
[[File:RMU1.jpg	60px]]	Russian Monarchist Union
Русский монархический союз	RMU
РМС	Vladimir Gringmut
Mihail Hutorov	Black Hundreds
Tsarist monarchism
Great Russian nationalism
Conservatism
	United Nobility
Объединённое дворянство	OD
ОД	Aleksei Bobrinsky
Alexander Naryshkin
Ananiy Strukov
Alexander Samarin	Tsarist monarchism
Russian nationalism
Nobility interests
[[File:SMA emblem.jpg	60px]]	Union of the Archangel Michael
Союз имени Михаила Архангела	SMA
СМА	Vladimir Purishkevich	Black Hundreds
Tsarist monarchism
Russian ultranationalism
National conservatism
antisemitism
	All-Russian National Union
Всероссийский национальный союз	VNS
ВНС	Pyotr Balashov
Vasily Shulgin	Russian nationalism
Tsarist monarchism
National liberalism
National conservatism
	Party of Moderate Right
Партия умеренно-правых	PMR
ПУП	Pyotr Balashov	Russian nationalism
Tsarist monarchism
Orthodox fundamentalism
Anti-liberalism
[[File:Нагрудный Значок Союза Русского Народа .png	60px]]	All-Russian Dubrovinist Union of the Russian People
Всероссийский дубровинский союз русского народа	ARDURP
ВДСРН	Alexander Dubrovin	Black Hundreds
Anti-Stolypin reform
Great Russian ultranationalism
National conservatism
Orthodox fundamentalism
Agrarianism
antisemitism
	Domestic Patriotic Union
Отечественный патриотический союз	OPS
ОПС	Vasiliy Orlov
Vasiliy Skvortsov	Tsarist monarchism
Conservatism
Orthodox fundamentalism
Anti-socialism

References

"Список зарегистрированных политических партий". Официальный сайт [[Министерство юстиции Российской Федерации.
"Список политических партий, имеющих право в соответствии с Федеральным законом от 11.07.2001 № 95-ФЗ «О политических партиях» принимать участие в выборах, по состоянию на текущую дату (07.07.2021)". Официальный сайт [[Министерство юстиции Российской Федерации.
"Федеральный закон от 11.07.2001 № 95-ФЗ «О политических партиях» (в ред. от 03.07.2018)".
"Каспаров. Ru {{!}} 15 политических партий не соответствуют положениям нового закона и будут ликвидированы".
(2004-12-03). "Госдума приняла закон об увеличении минимальной численности партии до 50 тыс. человек". [[NEWSru]].
(2009-03-13). "Госдума одобрила снижение обязательной минимальной численности партий. Оппозиция все равно недовольна". [[NEWSru]].
"Госдума одобрила законопроект о Выборах и партиях".
(21 March 2011). "Party System Formation in Kazakhstan: Between Formal and Informal Politics". Routledge.
Isaacs, Rico. (2011). "Party System Formation in Kazakhstan: Between Formal and Informal Politics". Routledge.
(26 November 2011). "Russia Analytical Digest". University of Basel, Center for Security Studies Zürich, Forschungsstelle Osteuropa Bremen.
Yevgeny Utkin. [http://rbth.ru/articles/2011/11/23/seven_parties_one_virtually_certain_outcome_13794.html Seven parties, one virtually certain outcome] Russia Beyond the Headlines. (2011-11-23)
"VK.com {{!}} VK".
https://digitaldem.ru/2021/09/20/partiya-prjamoj-demokratii-proshla-v-zaksobranije-eao/ Партия прямой демократии прошла в заксобрание Еврейской автономной области
"Список зарегистрированных политических партий - Минюст России".
Kozlov, Vladimir. (2011). "Sedition: Everyday Resistance in the Soviet Union under Khrushchev and Brezhnev". Yale University Press.

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