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general/paraphilias

From Surf Wiki (app.surf) — the open knowledge base

List of paraphilias

Medical conditions


Medical conditions

FieldValue
nameParaphilia
fieldPsychiatry
symptomsSexual attraction to the atypical

Paraphilias are sexual interests in objects, situations, or individuals that are atypical. The American Psychiatric Association, in its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fifth Edition (DSM), draws a distinction between paraphilias (which it describes as atypical sexual interests) and paraphilic disorders (which additionally require the experience of distress, impairment in functioning, and/or the desire to act on them with a nonconsenting person). Some paraphilias have more than one term to describe them, and some terms overlap with others. Paraphilias without DSM codes listed come under DSM 302.9, "Paraphilia NOS (Not Otherwise Specified)".

In his 2008 book on sexual pathologies, Anil Aggrawal compiled a list of 547 terms describing paraphilic sexual interests. He cautioned, however, that "not all these paraphilias have necessarily been seen in clinical setups. This may not be because they do not exist, but because they are so innocuous they are never brought to the notice of clinicians or dismissed by them. Like allergies, sexual arousal may occur from anything under the sun, including the sun."

Most of the following names for paraphilias, constructed in the nineteenth and especially twentieth centuries from Greek and Latin roots (see List of medical roots, suffixes and prefixes), are used in medical contexts only.

Paraphilias

If you want to add a paraphilia to this table, please make sure you include a WP:MEDRS (reliable medical)-compliant source for that paraphilia. If you don't, it'll be removed. --

A

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Abasiophiliaeditor = Laws DR & O'Donohue WTlast = Milnerfirst = JSauthor2=Dopke CAtitle = Sexual Deviance, Second Edition: Theory, Assessment, and Treatmentpublisher = The Guilford Presslocation = New Yorkyear = 2008pages = 384–418isbn=978-1-59385-605-2chapter = Paraphilia Not Otherwise Specified: PsychopatholoIgy and theory}}
Acrotomophilialast = Moneyfirst = Jyear = 1984title = Paraphilias: Phenomenology and classificationauthor-link = John Moneypmid = 6234812journal = American Journal of Psychotherapyvolume = 38issue = 2pages = 164–78doi = 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1984.38.2.164 }}
AcomoclitismA lack of pubic hair.
ActirastyThe Sun.
AcucullophiliaCircumcised genitals.
AcralagniaExtremities, such as fingers, toes, or earlobes.
Agalmatophilialast = Scobiefirst = Aauthor2=Taylor Jyear = 1975title = Perversions ancient and modern: I. Agalmatophilia, the statue syndromedoi = 10.1002/1520-6696(197501)11:13.0.CO;2-6journal = Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciencesvolume = 11pages = 49–54pmid = 11609831issue = 1 }}
AgrexophiliaHaving other people know about one's sexual activities.
Algolagnialast=Kelleyfirst = Kauthor2=Byrne Dtitle= Alternative Approaches to the Study of Sexual Behavioryear= 1986pages= 13–38publisher= Lawrence Erlbaum Associateslocation= Hillsdale, N.J.isbn=978-0-89859-677-9 }}
AmaurophiliaBeing unable to see, i.e. blindness or the presence of a blindfold.{{cite bookfirst=J. Paullast=Fedorofftitle=The Paraphiliaschapter-url=
AmelotasisLimb deformities or malformations.
AmokoscisiaSlashing and mutilating women.
AmychophiliaScratching or being scratched.
Andromimetophilialast = Moneyfirst = Jauthor-link = John Moneyauthor2=Lamacz, Myear = 1984title = Gynemimesis and gynemimetophilia: Individual and cross-cultural manifestations of a gender-coping strategy hitherto unnamedpmid = 6467919journal = Comprehensive Psychiatryvolume = 25issue = 4pages = 392–403doi = 10.1016/0010-440X(84)90074-9}}
AnililagniaAttraction by young men to older women.
AntholagniaFlowers.
Anthropophagolagnialast=Hickeyfirst=Eric W.title=Sex Crimes and Paraphiliapublisher= Pearson Educationyear=2006isbn=978-0-13-170350-6page = 87}}
Apotemnophilialast1 = Moneyfirst1 = Jauthor-link = John Moneyyear = 1977title = Apotemnophilia: Two cases of self-demand amputation as a paraphiliajstor = 3811894journal = The Journal of Sex Researchvolume = 13issue = 2pages = 115–125doi = 10.1080/00224497709550967last2 = Jobarisfirst2 = Russelllast3 = Furthfirst3 = Gregg}}
AquaphiliaPeople swimming, posing, or drowning in water.
Armpit fetishism/maschalagniaArmpits.
Asphyxiophilialast = Blanchardfirst = Rauthor2=Hucker SJyear = 1991title = Age, transvestism, bondage, and concurrent paraphilic activities in 117 fatal cases of autoerotic asphyxiapmid = 1958948journal = British Journal of Psychiatryvolume = 159issue = 3pages = 371–7doi = 10.1192/bjp.159.3.371s2cid = 20137589}}
Attraction to disabilityPeople with one or more physical disabilities.
Autagonistophiliaauthor=Money, Johnauthor-link = John Moneytitle=Lovemaps: Clinical Concepts of Sexual/Erotic Health and Pathology, Paraphilia, and Gender Transposition in Childhood, Adolescence, and Maturitypublisher=Prometheus Bookslocation=Buffalo, N.Yyear=1988isbn=978-0-87975-456-3 }}
AutoanilingusFantasizing about performing anilingus on oneself.
AutassassinophiliaBeing in life-threatening situations.
Autoerotic asphyxiationSelf-induced asphyxiation, sometimes to the point of near unconsciousness.
AutofellatioPerforming oral sex on oneself (male).
Autohemofetishismlast=Hickeyfirst=Eric W.title=Sex Crimes and Paraphiliapublisher= Pearson Educationyear=2006isbn=978-0-13-170350-6page = 117}}
AutonepiophiliaThe image of oneself in the form of an infant.
Autopedophilialast1 = Lawrencefirst1 = A. A.year = 2009title = Erotic target location errors: An underappreciated paraphilic dimensionjournal = The Journal of Sex Researchvolume = 46issue = 2–3pages = 194–215doi=10.1080/00224490902747727pmid=19308843s2cid = 10105602 }}
AutoplushophiliaThe image of oneself in the form of a plush.
Autovampirism/vampirismThe image of oneself in the form of a vampire. Involves ingesting or seeing one's own blood.
AutozoophiliaThe image of oneself in the form of an animal.

B

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Belly fetishism/alvinolagniaThe midriff or belly.
Biastophilia/raptophiliaRaping a person, possibly as a consensual rape fantasy.
Body inflation fetishismFantasizing about the inflation of body parts.
Body modification fetishismTattoos, piercings, scarification, and other body alterations.
BondageBeing tied up or physically restrained.
Breast fetishism/mazophiliaFemale breasts.

C

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
CacophiliaLoud or unpleasant sounds.
CandaulismExposing one's partner or images of their partner to others.
Cannibalism/anthropophagyIngesting human flesh.
CanophiliaDogs.
CapnolagniaSmoking.
CatoptrophiliaMirrors or reflections.
CenophiliaEmpty spaces or voids.
CheirophiliaHands or hand contact.
ChremastistophiliaBeing robbed or held up.
ChronophiliaPartners of a widely differing chronological age.
ClaustrophiliaConfined or enclosed spaces.
ClimacophiliaFalling down stairs.
Clothing fetishismSpecific garments such as lingerie, uniforms, or latex wear.
Coprophilia/scatophilia/fecophilialast=Xavierfirst=CMyear=1955title=Coprophilia: A clinical studyjournal=British Journal of Medical Psychologyvolume=28issue=2–3pages=188–190doi=10.1111/j.2044-8341.1955.tb00893.xpmid=14389628}}
CoulrophiliaClowns.
Crush fetishismCrushing objects or small animals.
CryophiliaIce or cold temperatures.
Cuckolding fetishism/troilismObserving one's partner engaged in sexual activities with another person.

D

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
DacnophiliaBiting or being bitten.
DacryphiliaTears or crying.
Diaper fetishismlast = Taorminofirst = Turl = http://www.villagevoice.com/2002-08-13/columns/still-in-diapers/title = Still in Diapersaccess-date = 2007-05-08work = The Village Voicedate = 2002-08-13archive-date = 2008-09-20archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080920143752/http://www.villagevoice.com/2002-08-13/columns/still-in-diapers/url-status = dead }}
DendrophiliaTrees.
Doll fetishism / DollophiliaDolls, especially life-sized or sexualized ones.
DippoldismCorporal punishment of children.
DysmorphophiliaOne's own perceived physical deformities.

E

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
EcdysiophiliaStripteasing or undressing.
ElectrophiliaElectricity or electric stimulation, including shocks.
EmetophiliaVomit.
EmetolagniaWatching others vomit (distinct from emetophilia).
EnopliophiliaWeapons or armed individuals.
EproctophiliaFlatulence.
Erotophonophilia/dacnolagnomaniaMurder, often of strangers.
Exhibitionism/peodeiktophiliaExposing one's genitals to unsuspecting and nonconsenting others.
ExophiliaExtraterrestrials.
EntomophiliaInsects.

F

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Fat fetishism/adipophiliaOverweight or obese people.
FeederismEating, feeding, and weight gain.
Food play/sitophiliaErotic situations involving food.
Foot fetishism/podophilialast=Hickeyfirst=Eric W.title=Sex Crimes and Paraphiliapublisher= Pearson Educationyear=2006isbn=978-0-13-170350-6page = 165}}
Formicophilialast = Dewarajafirst = Rauthor2=Money Jauthor-link2=John Moneyyear = 1986title = Transcultural sexology: Formicophilia, a newly named paraphilia in a young Buddhist malejournal = Journal of Sex and Marital Therapypmid = 3723604volume = 12issue = 2doi = 10.1080/00926238608415401pages = 139–145 }}
ForniphiliaTurning a human being into a piece of furniture.
Free uselast1=Taylorfirst1=Magdalenetitle=What's the 'Free Use' Fetish, and Why's Everyone Talking About It?url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/whats-the-free-use-fetish-and-whys-everyone-talking-about-it/website=Viceaccess-date=11 August 2024date=18 August 2023}}
FrotteurismRubbing against a non-consenting person.

G

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
GalactophiliaBreast milk or lactation.
GaleophiliaSharks.
GargalophiliaTickling or being tickled.
GerontophiliaElderly people.
GlobophiliaBalloons, including inflating, popping, or rubbing them.
Gynandromorphophilia/gynemimetophilialast = Blanchardfirst = Rauthor2=Collins PIyear = 1993title = Men with sexual interest in transvestites, transsexuals, and she-malespmid = 8245926journal = Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseasevolume = 181issue = 9pages = 570–575doi = 10.1097/00005053-199309000-00008s2cid = 37059616 }}
GymnophiliaErotic interest in nudity or naked bodies.
GynephiliaFemales or femininity, regardless of one's own sex or gender identity.

H

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Hair fetishism/trichophiliaHair.
Hand fetishism/cheirophiliaHands.
HebephiliaChildren in early adolescence.
Hematolagnialast=Hickeyfirst=Eric W.title=Sex Crimes and Paraphiliapublisher= Pearson Educationyear=2006isbn=978-0-13-170350-6page = 114}}
Heterophiliadoi = 10.1080/10481889309539000volume=3issue=4title=Heterophilia—the love that dare not speak its aim commentary on trop and Stolorow's 'defense analysis in self psychology: A developmental view'journal=Psychoanalytic Dialoguespages=643–652year=1993last1=Schwartzfirst1=David }}
HierophiliaReligious/sacred objects.
HirsutophiliaBody hair, especially excessive hair.
HomilophiliaSermons or religious preaching.
HomophiliaIdealization or erotic preference for same-sex partners, especially by non-homosexual individuals.
HoplophiliaFirearms, guns.
Humiliation fetishism / HumiliophiliaHumiliation or humiliating others.
Hybristophiliaauthor=Sharma BRtitle=Disorders of sexual preference and medicolegal issues thereofjournal=Am J Forensic Med Patholvolume=24issue=3pages=277–82date=September 2003pmid=12960665doi=10.1097/01.paf.0000069503.21112.d2s2cid=37392247 }}

I

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
IconophiliaReligious or sacred images.
IchthyophiliaFish.
IgniphiliaFire or flames.
InfantophiliaChildren less than five years old; a recently suggested term that is not in general use.
IntegumentophiliaSkin or skin contact.
Impregnation fetishismThe event of being impregnated or impregnating another person.

J

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Jactitation fetishismThrashing or violent bodily movements.
Jouissance fetishismOverwhelming pleasure or ecstatic states, often linked to loss of control.
Jelly fetishismGelatinous substances such as jelly or slime.
JuvenilophiliaJuveniles, typically older children or young adolescents (distinct from hebephilia).

K

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
KatoptronophiliaMirrors.
Kleptolagnia/kleptophiliaStealing; a form of kleptomania.
Klismaphilialast1=Bramefirst1=Gloriaauthor-link1=Gloria Bramelast2=Bramefirst2=William D.last3=Jacobsfirst3=Jontitle=Different Loving – The World of Sexual Dominance and Submissionyear=1993publisher=Villard Booksisbn=978-0-679-76956-9}}

L

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Lactophilia/galactophiliaauthor5-link=Emmanuele A. Janninivauthors=Scorolli C, Ghirlanda S, Enquist M, Zattoni S, Jannini EAtitle=Relative prevalence of different fetishesjournal=Int. J. Impot. Res.volume=19issue=4pages=432–7year=2007pmid=17304204doi=10.1038/sj.ijir.3901547doi-access=free }}
Leg fetishism/crurophiliaLegs.
LiquidophiliaImmersing genitals in liquids.

M

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
MacrophiliaGiant beings; imagined growth of beings.
MasochismSuffering or humiliation; being beaten, bound, or otherwise abused.
MechanophiliaCars or other machines; also "mechaphilia".
Melolagnialast=Hickeyfirst=Eric W.title=Sex Crimes and Paraphiliapublisher=Pearson Educationyear=2006isbn=978-0-13-170350-6page=90}}
MenophiliaMenstruation.
MetrophiliaPoetry.
MicrophiliaMicrophiliaShrunken beings; imagined shrinking of beings.
MorphophiliaParticular body shapes or sizes.
MucophiliaMucus.
MysophiliaDirtiness, soiled or decaying things.

N

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
NarratophiliaObscene words.
Navel fetishism/alvinophiliaNavel.
NebulophiliaFog or smoke.
Necrophiliavauthors=Rosman JP, Resnick PJtitle=Sexual attraction to corpses: a psychiatric review of necrophiliajournal=Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Lawvolume=17issue=2pages=153–63year=1989pmid=2667656 }}
Nose fetishism/nasophiliaNoses.

O

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
ObjectophiliaSpecific inanimate objects.
OculolinctusThe act of licking the eyes of another person for the purpose of gratification.
OdaxelagniaBiting or being bitten.
Olfactophilia/bromidrophiliaSmells and odors (particularly foul ones) emanating from the body, especially the sexual areas and/or from the opposite sex (as from bad breath, urine, feces, flatulence, etc.).
OmorashiHaving a full bladder and/or wetting oneself, or from seeing someone else experiencing a full bladder and/or wetting themself.

P

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Paraphilic infantilism/autonepiophilia/adult baby syndromelast1 = Patefirst1 = JElast2 = Gabbardfirst2 = GOtitle = Adult baby syndromejournal = The American Journal of Psychiatryvolume = 160issue = 11pages = 1932–6year = 2003pmid = 14594737doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.160.11.1932}} considerable overlap with diaper fetishism.
PartialismSpecific, non-genital body parts.
Pedophiliaisbn = 978-1-55970-426-7last = Krafft-Ebingfirst = Rorig-year = 1886year = 1998title= Psychopathia sexualis: A medico-forensic study (1998 translation by Franklin S. Klafauthor-link = Richard von Krafft-Ebingpublisher = Arcade Publishingpage = 408url = https://books.google.com/books?id=nzr8Tw7xcsUC&pg=PA408}}
Pedovestismlast = Lawrencefirst = AAyear = 2006title = Clinical and theoretical parallels between desire for limb amputation and gender identity disorderjournal = Archives of Sexual Behaviorvolume = 35pages = 263–278doi = 10.1007/s10508-006-9026-6pmid = 16799838issue = 3s2cid = 17528273 }}
PictophiliaPornography or erotic art, particularly pictures.
Piquerismlast = Davisfirst = MStitle = The concise dictionary of crime and justicepublisher = SAGE Publicationsyear = 2002isbn = 978-0-7619-2176-9page = 196 }}
PlushophiliaStuffed toys ("plushies").
Pregnancy fetishism/maiesiophiliaPregnant women.
PygophiliaButtocks.
PyrophiliaFire.

R

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Robot fetishism/robophiliaHumanoid robots.

S

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
SadismInflicting pain on others.
SalirophiliaSoiling or dirtying others.
Sexual fetishismNonliving objects.
Shoe fetishismShoes, especially high heels.
Somnophilia/dormaphilialast1=Deehanfirst1=Elizabeth T.last2=Bartelsfirst2=Ross M.date=2022-05-04title=A Qualitative Exploration of Sleep-Related Sexual Interests: Somnophilia and Dormaphiliajournal=Sexual Abuselanguage=envolume=35issue=3pages=288–312doi=10.1177/10790632221098359issn=1079-0632pmc=10041567pmid=35507729}}
Sophophilialast=Hickeyfirst=Eric W.title=Sex Crimes and Paraphiliapublisher= Pearson Educationyear=2006isbn=978-0-13-170350-6page = 86}}
SthenolagniaMuscles and displays of strength.
StigmatophiliaBody piercings and tattoos.
SymphorophiliaWitnessing or staging disasters such as car accidents.
Telephone scatologia/telephonicophilia/scatophilialast=Hickeyfirst=Eric W.title=Sex Crimes and Paraphiliapublisher= Pearson Educationyear=2006isbn=978-0-13-170350-6page = 88}}

T

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Tentacle eroticaTentacles and tentacle creatures
Teratophiliagrcτέρας}}, grc, meaning monster) for attraction to monstrous mythical and fictional creatures such as werewolves.
Tickling fetishism/knismolagniaTickling.
ToucherismTouching an unsuspecting, non-consenting person with the hand.
ToxophiliaArchery.
Transvestic fetishismdate=2022title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5-TRedition=5publisher=American Psychiatric Association Publishingat=F65.1isbn=978-0-89042-578-7oclc=1315990729url=https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/doi/book/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787via=The Wikipedia Librarylast1=American Psychiatric Associations2cid=249488050 }}
TimophiliaGold, wealth, or social status.

U

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Urolagnia/water sportsUrination, particularly in public, on others, and/or being urinated on.

V

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Vorarephilia/voreauthor=Brenda Brathwaitetitle=Sex in Video Gamespublisher=Charles River Medialocation=Londonisbn=978-1-58450-459-7archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927180711/http://www.charlesriver.com/resrcs/chapters/1584504595_1stChap.pdfchapter-url=http://www.charlesriver.com/resrcs/chapters/1584504595_1stChap.pdfchapter=Defining sexarchive-date=2007-09-27url-status=deadaccess-date=2013-09-26year=2007 }}
Voyeurism/scopophiliaWatching unsuspecting people while naked/undressing, engaging in sexual intercourse or other sexual activity, using the toilet, showering/bathing, or inadvertently flashing.

W

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
Wet and messy fetishismMessy situations, including, but not limited to, being pied, slimed, or covered in mud.
WetlookThe wearing of wet clothing.

X

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
XenophiliaForeign peoples, cultures, or customs.

Z

ParaphiliaFocus of erotic interest
ZoophiliaNon-human animals.
ZoosadismInflicting pain on animals, or seeing animals in pain.

References

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