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List of Ottoman grand viziers
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Summary
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| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| post | Grand vizier |
| body | the Ottoman Empire |
| insignia | Seal of the Ottoman Grand Vizier (with flags).png |
| insigniasize | 150 |
| insigniacaption | Coat of arms of the Grand Vizier |
| image | Ahmed Tevfik Pasha chair.jpg |
| imagesize | 120px |
| imagecaption | Ahmet Tevfik Pasha |
| style | His Excellency |
| residence | Bab-ı Ali |
| appointer | The sultan |
| formation | 1328 |
| first | Alaeddin Pasha |
| last | Ahmet Tevfik Pasha |
| abolished | 1 November 1922 |
| succession | Prime Minister of Turkey |
The grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire ( or Sadr-ı Azam (Sadrazam); Ottoman Turkish: صدر اعظم or وزیر اعظم) was the de facto prime minister of the sultan, with the absolute power of attorney and, in principle, removable only by the sultan himself in the classical period, before the Tanzimat reforms, or until the 1908 Revolution. He held the imperial seal and could summon all other viziers to attend to affairs of the state in the Imperial Council; the viziers in conference were called "kubbe viziers" in reference to their meeting place, the Kubbealtı ('under-the-dome') in Topkapı Palace. His offices were located at the Sublime Porte.
History
During the emerging phases of the Ottoman state, "vizier" was the only title used. The first of these Ottoman viziers who was titled "grand vizier" was Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayreddin Pasha (also known as Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Elder). The purpose in instituting the title "grand vizier" was to differentiate the holder of the sultan's seal from other viziers. The initially more regularly used title of vezir-i âzam was slowly replaced by sadrazam, both meaning grand vizier in practice. Throughout Ottoman history, the grand viziers have also been called sadr-ı âlî ('high vizier'), vekil-i mutlak ('absolute attorney'), sâhib-i devlet ('holder of the state'), serdar-ı ekrem ('gracious general'), serdar-ı azam ('grand general'), and zât-ı âsafî ('vizieral person') and başnazır, literally "prime minister" in Ottoman Turkish. The Office of the Grand Vizier was called the sadaret.
In the late periods of the Ottoman Empire, especially during and after the 19th century, the grand vizier began to hold a position almost identical to that of a prime minister in other European states. Reforms seen during and after the Tanzimat (1838), the First Constitutional Era (1876–1878), and the Second Constitutional Era (1908–1920) further brought the office of the grand vizier in line with the European standard, making the incumbent the head of a Cabinet of other ministers. During the two constitutional eras, the grand vizier also served as the speaker of the Senate, the upper house of the bicameral Ottoman Parliament. With the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the Prime Minister of Turkey took on the roles of the former office.
Grand viziers were often replaced or resigned in rapid succession, frequently leading to political instability. In the final 10 years of the Empire alone, the office of the grand vizier changed hands 13 times between 12 men; some, such as Ahmed Izzet Pasha and Salih Hulusi Pasha, held office for less than a month.
Office of the Grand Vizierate
The Office of the Grand Vizierate was known as the Sadaret-i Uzma, or alternatively the Baş Vekâlet (The Prime Ministry), or Bâb-ı Âli (Literally the Sublime Porte, all the departments under the Vezierate). In 1839, this office included only included the Âmedi-i Divan-ı Hümayun (Office of the Imperial Council).
List of grand viziers
Chief viziers (1320–1439)
| Vizier | Term of office | Sultan | Portrait | Epithet | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | |||||||
| (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | ||||
| Kemaleddinoğlu Alaeddin Pasha | |||||||
| (d. 1331) | 1320 | 1331 | 11 years | Osman I | |||
| Orhan | |||||||
| Mahmudoğlu Nizamüddin Ahmed Pasha | |||||||
| (1281–1380) | 1331 | 1348 | 17 years | ||||
| Mehmet Hacı Pasha | |||||||
| (?) | 1348 | 1349 | 1 year | ||||
| Sinanüddin Fakih Yusuf Pasha | |||||||
| (d. 1364) | 1349 | September | |||||
| 1364 † | |||||||
| (Died in office) | 15 years | ||||||
| Murad I | |||||||
| Kara | 1364 | 22 January | |||||
| 1387 † | |||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||
| Çandarlızade Ali Pasha | |||||||
| (d. 1406) | 1387 | 1406 † | |||||
| (Died in office) | 19 years | ||||||
| Bayezid I | |||||||
| [[File:Baiazeth. P. IIII.jpg | 85x85px]] | ||||||
| (1389–1402) | |||||||
| Süleyman Çelebi | |||||||
| [[File:Arolsen Klebeband 01 449 4.jpg | 83x83px]] | ||||||
| (1402–1406) | |||||||
| Osmancıklı | |||||||
| Imamzade Halil Pasha | |||||||
| (?) | 1406 | 1413 | 7 years | Mehmed I | |||
| [[File:Mehmed I miniature.jpg | 122x122px]] | ||||||
| (1413–1421) | |||||||
| Amasyalı | |||||||
| Bayezid Pasha | |||||||
| (d. 1421) | 1413 | July | |||||
| 1421 † | |||||||
| (Fell in battle) | 8 years | ||||||
| Murad II | |||||||
| [[File:Sultan Murad II, portrait from 19th century manuscript.jpg | 94x94px]] | ||||||
| (1421–1444) | |||||||
| Çandarlızade Ibrahim Pasha the Elder | |||||||
| (d. 1429) | 1421 | 1429 † | |||||
| (Died in office) | 8 years | ||||||
| Koca Amasyalı | |||||||
| Mehmed Nizamüddin Pasha | |||||||
| (d. 1439) | 1429 | 1439 | 10 years |
Grand Viziers (1439–1839)
The position of grand vizier was established with Murad II's appointment of Çandarlızade Halil Pasha the Younger to such a position. In the 19th century, Mahmud II would abolish the title of Grand Vizier, and appointed Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha as Başvekil, or Prime Minister. Upon Sultan Abdülmecid I's ascention to the throne, the Grand Vizierate was restored.
| Grand Vizier | Term of office | Sultan | Portrait | Epithet | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | |||||||||
| (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Proclamation of the Gülhane Edict | |||||
| Çandarlızade Halil Pasha the Younger | |||||||||
| (d. 1453) | 1439 | 1 June | |||||||
| 1453 † | |||||||||
| (Imprisoned, executed) | Murad II | ||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Murad II, portrait from 19th century manuscript.jpg | 94x94px]] | ||||||||
| (1446–1451) | |||||||||
| Mehmed II | |||||||||
| [[File:Sarayi Album 145ba.jpg | 85x85px]] | ||||||||
| (1444–1446) | |||||||||
| Murad II | |||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Murad II, portrait from 19th century manuscript.jpg | 94x94px]] | ||||||||
| (1446–1451) | |||||||||
| Mehmed II | |||||||||
| [[File:Sarayi Album 145ba.jpg | 85x85px]] | ||||||||
| (1451–1481) | |||||||||
| Zaganos Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1469) | 1453 | 1456 | 3 years | ||||||
| [[File:Mahmud_Pasha.png | 96x96px]] | Mahmud Pasha Angelović | |||||||
| (1420–1474) | |||||||||
| First term | 1456 | 1468 | 12 years | ||||||
| Rum | |||||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1470) | 1468 | 1469 | 1 year | ||||||
| Ishak Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1487) | |||||||||
| First term | 1469 | 1472 | 3 years | ||||||
| [[File:Mahmud_Pasha.png | 96x96px]] | Mahmud Pasha Angelović | |||||||
| (1420–1474) | |||||||||
| Second term | 1472 | 1474 † | |||||||
| (Executed) | 2 years | ||||||||
| Gedik Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1482) | 1474 | 1477 | 3 years | ||||||
| Karamani Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1481) | 1477 | 4 May | |||||||
| 1481 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | 4 years | ||||||||
| Ishak Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1487) | |||||||||
| Second term | 1481 | 1482 | 1 year | Bayezid II | |||||
| [[File:Beyazid II.jpg | 103x103px]] | ||||||||
| (1481–1512) | |||||||||
| Koca | |||||||||
| Davud Pasha | |||||||||
| (1446–1498) | 1482 | 1497 | 15 years | ||||||
| Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1459–1517) | |||||||||
| First term | 1497 | 1498 | 1 year | ||||||
| Çandarlızade Ibrahim Pasha the Younger | |||||||||
| (1429–1499) | 1498 | 1499 † | |||||||
| (Died in office) | 1 year | ||||||||
| [[File:Guillaume_Caoursin_Latin_6067_62v_(cropped).jpg | 88x88px]] | Mesih Pasha Palaiologos | |||||||
| (d. 1501) | 1499 | November | |||||||
| 1501 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | 2 years | ||||||||
| Hadım | |||||||||
| Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1511) | |||||||||
| First term | 1501 | 1503 | 2 years | ||||||
| Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1459–1517) | |||||||||
| Second term | 1503 | 1506 | 3 years | ||||||
| Hadım | |||||||||
| Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1511) | |||||||||
| Second term | 1506 | July | |||||||
| 1511 † | |||||||||
| (Fell in battle) | 5 years | ||||||||
| Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1459–1517) | |||||||||
| Third term | 1511 | 1511 | |||||||
| Koca | |||||||||
| Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1512) | 1511 | 1512 † | |||||||
| (Executed) | 1 year | ||||||||
| Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1459–1517) | |||||||||
| Fourth term | 1512 | 28 November | |||||||
| 1514 | Selim I | ||||||||
| [[File:Paolo Veronese (Nachfolger) - Sultan Selim I. - 2240 - Bavarian State Painting Collections.jpg | 94x94px]] | ||||||||
| (1512–1520) | |||||||||
| Dukakinzade Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1515) | 18 December | ||||||||
| 1514 | 8 September | ||||||||
| 1515 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1459–1517) | |||||||||
| Fifth term | 8 September | ||||||||
| 1515 | 26 April | ||||||||
| 1516 | |||||||||
| Hadım | |||||||||
| Sinan Pasha Borovinić | |||||||||
| (1459–1517) | 26 April | ||||||||
| 1516 | 22 January | ||||||||
| 1517 † | |||||||||
| (Fell in battle) | |||||||||
| [[File:Arolsen_Klebeband_01_461_1.jpg | 81x81px]] | Yunus Pasha | |||||||
| (d. 1517) | 22 January | ||||||||
| 1517 | 13 September | ||||||||
| 1517 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| [[File:Piri-mehmed-pasa-1.jpg | 106x106px]] | Piri | |||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1465–1532) | 25 January | ||||||||
| 1518 | 27 June | ||||||||
| 1523 | |||||||||
| Suleiman I | |||||||||
| [[File:EmperorSuleiman.jpg | 82x82px]] | ||||||||
| (1520–1566) | |||||||||
| [[File:Pargalı_İbrahim_Paşa.jpg | 84x84px]] | Pargalı | |||||||
| İbrahim Pasha | |||||||||
| (1495–1536) | 27 June | ||||||||
| 1523 | 14 March | ||||||||
| 1536 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| [[File:Ajas d. 1539 (cropped).jpg | 95x95px]] | Ayas Mehmed Pasha | |||||||
| (1483–1539) | 14 March | ||||||||
| 1536 | 13 July | ||||||||
| 1539 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| [[File:Arolsen_Klebeband_01_465_3.jpg | 85x85px]] | Çelebi | |||||||
| Lütfi Pasha | |||||||||
| (1488–1564) | 13 July | ||||||||
| 1539 | April | ||||||||
| 1541 | |||||||||
| [[File:Arolsen_Klebeband_01_465_2_(cropped).jpg | 70x70px]] | Hadım | |||||||
| Süleyman Pasha | |||||||||
| (1467–1547) | April | ||||||||
| 1541 | 28 November | ||||||||
| 1544 | |||||||||
| [[File:Ruestem_presumably.jpg | 150x150px]] | Damat | |||||||
| Rüstem Pasha | |||||||||
| (1500–1561) | |||||||||
| First term | 28 November | ||||||||
| 1544 | 6 October | ||||||||
| 1553 | |||||||||
| Kara | |||||||||
| Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1555) | 6 October | ||||||||
| 1553 | 29 September | ||||||||
| 1555 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| [[File:Ruestem_presumably.jpg | 150x150px]] | Damat | |||||||
| Rüstem Pasha | |||||||||
| (1500–1561) | |||||||||
| Second term | 29 September | ||||||||
| 1555 | 10 July | ||||||||
| 1561 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Semiz Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1565) | 10 July | ||||||||
| 1561 | 28 June | ||||||||
| 1565 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| [[File:Mehmed_Sokolović_(ca_1505-1579).png | 103x103px]] | Sokollu | |||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1506–1579) | 12 October | ||||||||
| 1579 † | |||||||||
| (Assassinated) | |||||||||
| 28 June | |||||||||
| 1565 | Selim II | ||||||||
| [[File:Portrait Of Sultan Selim II.jpg | 101x101px]] | ||||||||
| (1566–1574) | |||||||||
| Murad III | |||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Murad III.jpg | 100x100px]] | ||||||||
| (1574–1595) | |||||||||
| Semiz Ahmed Pasha | 12 October | ||||||||
| 1579 | 27 April | ||||||||
| 1580 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| [[File:Arolsen_Klebeband_01_471_3.jpg | 84x84px]] | Kara Lala | |||||||
| Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (1500–1580) | 28 April | ||||||||
| 1580 | 7 August | ||||||||
| 1580 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| [[File:Sinan_pasha.jpg | 105x105px]] | Koca | |||||||
| Sinan Pasha | |||||||||
| (1506–1596) | |||||||||
| First term | 7 August | ||||||||
| 1580 | 6 December | ||||||||
| 1582 | |||||||||
| Kanijeli | |||||||||
| Siyavuş Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1602) | |||||||||
| First term | 24 December | ||||||||
| 1582 | 25 July | ||||||||
| 1584 | |||||||||
| [[File:Secaatname 0196 detail.png | 86x86px]] | Özdemiroğlu Osman Pasha | |||||||
| (1526–1585) | 28 July | ||||||||
| 1584 | 29 October | ||||||||
| 1585 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Hadım | |||||||||
| Mesih Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1589) | 1 November | ||||||||
| 1585 | 14 April | ||||||||
| 1586 | |||||||||
| Kanijeli | |||||||||
| Siyavuş Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1602) | |||||||||
| Second term | 14 April | ||||||||
| 1586 | 2 April | ||||||||
| 1589 | |||||||||
| (Deposed) | |||||||||
| [[File:Sinan_pasha.jpg | 105x105px]] | Koca | |||||||
| Sinan Pasha | |||||||||
| (1506–1596) | |||||||||
| Second term | 14 April | ||||||||
| 1589 | 1 August | ||||||||
| 1591 | |||||||||
| [[File:Ferhat_Pasha.png | 94x94px]] | Serdar Ferhad Pasha | |||||||
| (d. 1595) | |||||||||
| First term | 1 August | ||||||||
| 1591 | 4 April | ||||||||
| 1592 | |||||||||
| Kanijeli | |||||||||
| Siyavuş Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1602) | |||||||||
| Third term | 4 April | ||||||||
| 1592 | 28 January | ||||||||
| 1593 | |||||||||
| [[File:Sinan_pasha.jpg | 105x105px]] | Koca | |||||||
| Sinan Pasha | |||||||||
| (1506–1596) | |||||||||
| Third term | 28 January | ||||||||
| 1593 | 16 February | ||||||||
| 1595 | |||||||||
| Mehmed III | |||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Mehmet III of the Ottoman Empire.jpg | 87x87px]] | ||||||||
| (1595–1603) | |||||||||
| [[File:Ferhat_Pasha.png | 94x94px]] | Serdar Ferhad Pasha | |||||||
| (d. 1595) | |||||||||
| Second term | 16 February | ||||||||
| 1595 | 7 July | ||||||||
| 1595 | |||||||||
| [[File:Sinan_pasha.jpg | 105x105px]] | Koca | |||||||
| Sinan Pasha | |||||||||
| (1506–1596) | |||||||||
| Fourth term | 7 July | ||||||||
| 1595 | 19 November | ||||||||
| 1595 | |||||||||
| [[File:Lala_mehmed_pasha.jpg | 99x99px]] | Lala Tekeli | |||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1595) | 19 November | ||||||||
| 1595 | 28 November | ||||||||
| 1595 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| [[File:Sinan_pasha.jpg | 105x105px]] | Koca | |||||||
| Sinan Pasha | |||||||||
| (1506–1596) | |||||||||
| Fifth term | 1 December | ||||||||
| 1595 | 3 April | ||||||||
| 1596 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Damat | |||||||||
| Ibrahim Pasha | |||||||||
| (1517–1601) | |||||||||
| First term | 4 April | ||||||||
| 1596 | 27 October | ||||||||
| 1596 | |||||||||
| [[File:Cicala.jpg | 95x95px]] | Cığalazâde Yusuf Sinan Pasha | |||||||
| (1545–1605) | 27 October | ||||||||
| 1596 | 5 December | ||||||||
| 1596 | |||||||||
| Damat | |||||||||
| Ibrahim Pasha | |||||||||
| (1517–1601) | |||||||||
| Second term | 5 December | ||||||||
| 1596 | 3 November | ||||||||
| 1597 | |||||||||
| Hadım | |||||||||
| Hasan Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1598) | 3 November | ||||||||
| 1597 | 9 April | ||||||||
| 1598 † | |||||||||
| (Imprisoned, executed) | |||||||||
| Cerrah | |||||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1604) | 9 April | ||||||||
| 1598 | 6 January | ||||||||
| 1599 | |||||||||
| Damat | |||||||||
| Ibrahim Pasha | |||||||||
| (1517–1601) | |||||||||
| Third term | 6 January | ||||||||
| 1599 | 10 July | ||||||||
| 1601 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Damat Yemişçi | |||||||||
| Hasan Pasha | |||||||||
| (1535–1603) | 22 July | ||||||||
| 1601 | 4 October | ||||||||
| 1603 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| Malkoç Yavuz Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1604) | 16 October | ||||||||
| 1603 | 26 July | ||||||||
| 1604 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Ahmed I | |||||||||
| [[File:Portrait of Sultan Ahmed I.png | 113x113px]] | ||||||||
| (1603–1617) | |||||||||
| Lala | |||||||||
| Sokolluzade Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1606) | 5 August | ||||||||
| 1604 | 21 June | ||||||||
| 1606 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Boşnak | |||||||||
| Derviş Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1569–1606) | 21 June | ||||||||
| 1606 | 9 December | ||||||||
| 1606 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| [[File:Kuyucu Murat Paşa.jpg | 70x70px]] | Kuyucu | |||||||
| Murad Pasha | |||||||||
| (1535–1611) | 11 December | ||||||||
| 1606 | 5 August | ||||||||
| 1611 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Damat Gümülcineli | |||||||||
| Nasuh Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1614) | 5 August | ||||||||
| 1611 | 17 October | ||||||||
| 1614 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| [[File:Öküz_Mehmed_Pasha_Statue,_Kuşadası_05.jpg | 105x105px]] | Öküz Kul Kıran | |||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1619) | |||||||||
| First term | 17 October | ||||||||
| 1614 | 17 November | ||||||||
| 1616 | |||||||||
| Damat | |||||||||
| Halil Pasha | |||||||||
| (1570–1629) | |||||||||
| First term | 18 January | ||||||||
| 1619 | |||||||||
| 17 November | |||||||||
| 1616 | Mustafa I | ||||||||
| [[File:Mustafa I portrait.jpg | 121x121px]] | ||||||||
| (1617–1618) | |||||||||
| Osman II | |||||||||
| [[File:Osman 2.jpg | 118x118px]] | ||||||||
| (1618–1622) | |||||||||
| [[File:Öküz_Mehmed_Pasha_Statue,_Kuşadası_05.jpg | 105x105px]] | Öküz Kul Kıran | |||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1619) | |||||||||
| Second term | 18 January | ||||||||
| 1619 | 23 December | ||||||||
| 1619 † | |||||||||
| (Assassinated) | |||||||||
| Güzelce | |||||||||
| Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1621) | 23 December | ||||||||
| 1619 | 9 March | ||||||||
| 1621 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Ohrili | |||||||||
| Hüseyin Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1622) | |||||||||
| First term | 9 March | ||||||||
| 1621 | 17 September | ||||||||
| 1621 | |||||||||
| Dilaver Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1622) | 17 September | ||||||||
| 1621 | 19 May | ||||||||
| 1622 † | |||||||||
| (Lynched) | |||||||||
| Ohrili | |||||||||
| Hüseyin Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1622) | |||||||||
| Second term | 19 May | ||||||||
| 1622 | 20 May | ||||||||
| 1622 † | |||||||||
| (Lynched) | |||||||||
| Kara | |||||||||
| Davud Pasha | |||||||||
| (1570–1623) | 20 May | ||||||||
| 1622 | 13 June | ||||||||
| 1622 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | Mustafa I | ||||||||
| Mere | |||||||||
| Hüseyin Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1624) | |||||||||
| First term | 13 June | ||||||||
| 1622 | 8 July | ||||||||
| 1622 | |||||||||
| Lefkeli** | |||||||||
| Mustafa Pasha** | |||||||||
| (d. 1648) | 8 July | ||||||||
| 1622 | 21 September | ||||||||
| 1622 | |||||||||
| Murad IV | |||||||||
| [[File:Murad IV.jpg | 105x105px]] | ||||||||
| Hadım | |||||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1626) | 21 September | ||||||||
| 1622 | 5 February | ||||||||
| 1623 | |||||||||
| Mere | |||||||||
| Hüseyin Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1624) | |||||||||
| Second term | 5 February | ||||||||
| 1623 | 30 August | ||||||||
| 1623 | |||||||||
| Kara Kemankeş | |||||||||
| Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1624) | 30 August | ||||||||
| 1623 | 3 April | ||||||||
| 1624 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| Çerkez | |||||||||
| Mehmed Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1625) | 3 April | ||||||||
| 1624 | 28 January | ||||||||
| 1625 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Hafız | |||||||||
| Müezzinzade Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1564–1632) | |||||||||
| First term | 8 February | ||||||||
| 1625 | 1 December | ||||||||
| 1626 | |||||||||
| Damat | |||||||||
| Halil Pasha | |||||||||
| (1570–1629) | |||||||||
| Second term | 1 December | ||||||||
| 1626 | 6 April | ||||||||
| 1628 | |||||||||
| Gazi | |||||||||
| Ekrem Hüsrev Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1632) | 6 April | ||||||||
| 1628 | 25 October | ||||||||
| 1631 | |||||||||
| Hafız | |||||||||
| Müezzinzade Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1564–1632) | |||||||||
| Second term | 25 October | ||||||||
| 1631 | 10 February | ||||||||
| 1632 † | |||||||||
| (Lynched) | |||||||||
| Topal | |||||||||
| Recep Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1632) | 10 February | ||||||||
| 1632 | 18 May | ||||||||
| 1632 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| Tabanıyassı | |||||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1589–1637) | 18 May | ||||||||
| 1632 | 2 February | ||||||||
| 1637 | |||||||||
| Bayram Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1638) | 2 February | ||||||||
| 1637 | 26 August | ||||||||
| 1638 | |||||||||
| Tayyar | |||||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1638) | 27 August | ||||||||
| 1638 | 24 December | ||||||||
| 1638 † | |||||||||
| (Fell in battle) | |||||||||
| Kara Kemankeş | |||||||||
| Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (1592–1644) | 23 December | ||||||||
| 1638 | 31 January | ||||||||
| 1644 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| Ibrahim | |||||||||
| [[File:Ibrahim Deli.jpg | 126x126px]] | ||||||||
| (1640–1648) | |||||||||
| Sultanzade Mehmet Pasha | |||||||||
| (1603–1646) | 31 January | ||||||||
| 1644 | 17 December | ||||||||
| 1645 | |||||||||
| Nevesinli | |||||||||
| Salih Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1647) | 17 December | ||||||||
| 1645 | 16 September | ||||||||
| 1647 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| Kara | |||||||||
| Musa Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1649) | 16 September | ||||||||
| 1647 | 21 September | ||||||||
| 1647 | |||||||||
| Hazarpare | |||||||||
| Ahmet Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1648) | 21 September | ||||||||
| 1647 | 8 August | ||||||||
| 1648 † | |||||||||
| (Lynched) | |||||||||
| Sofu | |||||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1649) | 8 August | ||||||||
| 1648 | 21 May | ||||||||
| 1649 † | |||||||||
| (Exiled, executed) | Mehmed IV | ||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Mehmed IV (2).jpg | 118x118px]] | ||||||||
| (1648–1687) | |||||||||
| Kara Dev | |||||||||
| Murat Pasha | |||||||||
| (1595–1655) | |||||||||
| First term | 21 May | ||||||||
| 1649 | 5 August | ||||||||
| 1651 | |||||||||
| Damat Melek | |||||||||
| Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1604–1662) | 5 August | ||||||||
| 1651 | 21 August | ||||||||
| 1651 | |||||||||
| Abaza | |||||||||
| Siyavuş Pasha the Elder | |||||||||
| (d. 1656) | 21 August | ||||||||
| 1651 | 27 September | ||||||||
| 1651 | |||||||||
| [[File:Gürcü_Mehmet_Paşa.JPG | 111x111px]] | Gürcü | |||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1665) | 27 September | ||||||||
| 1651 | 20 June | ||||||||
| 1652 | |||||||||
| Tarhoncu | |||||||||
| Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1653) | 20 June | ||||||||
| 1652 | 21 March | ||||||||
| 1653 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| Koca | |||||||||
| Dervish Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1655) | 21 March | ||||||||
| 1653 | 28 October | ||||||||
| 1654 | |||||||||
| İpşiri Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (1607–1655) | 28 October | ||||||||
| 1654 | 11 May | ||||||||
| 1655 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| Kara Dev | |||||||||
| Murat Pasha | |||||||||
| (1595–1655) | |||||||||
| Second term | 11 May | ||||||||
| 1655 | 19 August | ||||||||
| 1655 | |||||||||
| Ermeni | |||||||||
| Suleyman Pasha | |||||||||
| (1607–1687) | 19 August | ||||||||
| 1655 | 28 February | ||||||||
| 1656 | |||||||||
| Deli Gazi | |||||||||
| Hüseyin Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1659) | 28 February | ||||||||
| 1656 | 5 March | ||||||||
| 1656 | |||||||||
| Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1666) | 5 March | ||||||||
| 1656 | 5 March | ||||||||
| 1656 | 4 hours | ||||||||
| Abaza | |||||||||
| Siyavuş Pasha the Elder | |||||||||
| (d. 1656) | 5 March | ||||||||
| 1656 | 25 April | ||||||||
| 1656 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Boynuyaralı | |||||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1665) | 26 April | ||||||||
| 1656 | 15 September | ||||||||
| 1656 | |||||||||
| [[File:Mehmedpasha.jpg | 95x95px]] | Köprülü | |||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1575–1661) | 15 September | ||||||||
| 1656 | 31 October | ||||||||
| 1661 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| [[File:Köprülü Ahmed kőrajz.jpg | 87x87px]] | Köprülüzade Fazıl Ahmed Pasha | |||||||
| (1635–1676) | 31 October | ||||||||
| 1661 | 3 November | ||||||||
| 1676 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| [[File:Kara_Mustafa_Pasha.jpg | 108x108px]] | Kara Merzifonlu | |||||||
| Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (1635–1683) | 19 October | ||||||||
| 1676 | 25 December | ||||||||
| 1683 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| [[File:Kara İbrahim Pascha (1620–1687).jpg | 100x100px]] | Kara | |||||||
| İbrahim Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1687) | 15 December | ||||||||
| 1683 | 18 November | ||||||||
| 1685 | |||||||||
| Sarı | |||||||||
| Süleyman Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1687) | 18 November | ||||||||
| 1685 | 18 September | ||||||||
| 1687 † | |||||||||
| (Deposed) | |||||||||
| Abaza | |||||||||
| Siyavuş Pasha the Younger | |||||||||
| (d. 1688) | 18 September | ||||||||
| 1687 | 23 February | ||||||||
| 1688 † | |||||||||
| (Murdered) | |||||||||
| Suleiman II | |||||||||
| Ayaşlı | |||||||||
| İsmail Kemalettin Pasha | |||||||||
| (1620–1690) | 23 February | ||||||||
| 1688 | 2 May | ||||||||
| 1688 | |||||||||
| Bekri | |||||||||
| Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1690) | 30 May | ||||||||
| 1688 | 7 November | ||||||||
| 1689 | |||||||||
| Gazi | |||||||||
| Köprülüzade Fazıl Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (1637–1691) | 10 November | ||||||||
| 1689 | 19 August | ||||||||
| 1691 † | |||||||||
| (Fell in battle) | |||||||||
| Ahmed II | |||||||||
| [[File:Ahmed II Sahand Ace.jpg | 94x94px]] | ||||||||
| (1691–1695) | |||||||||
| Arabacı | |||||||||
| Bahadırzade Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (1620–1693) | 24 August | ||||||||
| 1691 | 21 March | ||||||||
| 1692 | |||||||||
| Hacı | |||||||||
| Çalık Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1698) | 23 March | ||||||||
| 1692 | 17 March | ||||||||
| 1693 | |||||||||
| Bozoklu | |||||||||
| Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (1638–1698) | 17 March | ||||||||
| 1693 | 13 March | ||||||||
| 1694 | |||||||||
| Sürmeli | |||||||||
| Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (1645–1695) | 13 March | ||||||||
| 1694 | 22 April | ||||||||
| 1695 | |||||||||
| Mustafa II | |||||||||
| Elmas | |||||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1661–1697) | 3 May | ||||||||
| 1695 | 11 September | ||||||||
| 1697 † | |||||||||
| (Fell in battle) | |||||||||
| [[File:Köprülü_Hüseyin_Pasha_(cropped).jpg | 70x70px]] | Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha | |||||||
| (1644–1702) | 17 September | ||||||||
| 1697 | 4 September | ||||||||
| 1702 | |||||||||
| Daltaban | |||||||||
| Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1703) | 4 September | ||||||||
| 1702 | 24 January | ||||||||
| 1703 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| Rami Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1645–1706) | 25 January | ||||||||
| 1703 | 22 August | ||||||||
| 1703 | |||||||||
| (Deposed) | |||||||||
| Nişancı | |||||||||
| Kavanoz Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1705) | 22 August | ||||||||
| 1703 | 16 November | ||||||||
| 1703 | Ahmed III | ||||||||
| [[File:Portrait of Sultan Ahmed III (1673–1736), three-quarter-length, standing, with a view onto the Bosphorus and the Hagia Sophia by Jean-Baptiste Vanmour.jpg | 87x87px]] | ||||||||
| (1703–1730) | |||||||||
| Damat | |||||||||
| Hasan Pasha | |||||||||
| (1658–1713) | 18 November | ||||||||
| 1703 | 28 September | ||||||||
| 1704 | |||||||||
| Hacı Kalaylıkoz | |||||||||
| (d. 1715) | 28 September | ||||||||
| 1704 | 25 December | ||||||||
| 1704 | |||||||||
| [[File:Baltacı_Mehmet_Pasha_from_William_Hogarth_(1697-1764)_illustration_Bataille_du_Prout.jpg | 70x70px]] | Baltacı | |||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1652–1712) | |||||||||
| First term | 25 December | ||||||||
| 1704 | 3 May | ||||||||
| 1706 | |||||||||
| [[File:27.Vanmour - Visir.jpg | 100x100px]] | Damat Çorlulu | |||||||
| Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (1670–1711) | 3 May | ||||||||
| 1706 | 15 June | ||||||||
| 1710 | |||||||||
| Köprülüzade Numan Pasha | |||||||||
| (1670–1719) | 16 June | ||||||||
| 1710 | 17 August | ||||||||
| 1710 | |||||||||
| [[File:Baltacı_Mehmet_Pasha_from_William_Hogarth_(1697-1764)_illustration_Bataille_du_Prout.jpg | 70x70px]] | Baltacı | |||||||
| Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1652–1712) | |||||||||
| Second term | 18 August | ||||||||
| 1710 | 20 November | ||||||||
| 1711 | |||||||||
| Ağa Gürcü | |||||||||
| Yusuf Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1713) | 20 November | ||||||||
| 1711 | 11 November | ||||||||
| 1712 | |||||||||
| Nişancı | |||||||||
| Süleyman Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1715) | 12 November | ||||||||
| 1712 | 6 April | ||||||||
| 1713 | |||||||||
| (d. 1713) | 6 April | ||||||||
| 1713 | 7 April | ||||||||
| 1713 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| [[File:Sehid-ali-pasa-1.jpg | 70x70px]] | Damat Silahdar | |||||||
| Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (1667–1716) | 27 April | ||||||||
| 1713 | 5 August | ||||||||
| 1716 † | |||||||||
| (Fell in battle) | |||||||||
| Hacı | |||||||||
| Halil Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1733) | 21 August | ||||||||
| 1716 | 26 August | ||||||||
| 1717 | |||||||||
| Nişancı | |||||||||
| (d. 1728) | 26 August | ||||||||
| 1717 | 9 May | ||||||||
| 1718 | |||||||||
| [[File:De_grootvizier_Nevşehirli_Damat_Ĭbrahim_Pasa_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-2017.jpeg | 89x89px]] | Damat Nevşehirli | |||||||
| Ibrahim Pasha | |||||||||
| (1662–1730) | 9 May | ||||||||
| 1718 | 1 October | ||||||||
| 1730 † | |||||||||
| (Lynched) | |||||||||
| Damat Silahdar | |||||||||
| (d. 1737) | 16 October | ||||||||
| 1730 | 23 January | ||||||||
| 1731 | Mahmud I | ||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Mahmud I – Jean Baptiste Vanmour.jpg (cropped).jpg | 97x97px]] | ||||||||
| (1730–1754) | |||||||||
| Kabakulak | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (d. 1743) | 23 January | ||||||||
| 1731 | 11 September | ||||||||
| 1731 | |||||||||
| [[File:Topal_Osman_Pasha.jpg | 70x70px]] | Topal | |||||||
| Osman Pasha | |||||||||
| (1663–1733) | 21 September | ||||||||
| 1731 | 12 March | ||||||||
| 1732 | |||||||||
| Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (1689–1758) | |||||||||
| First term | 12 March | ||||||||
| 1732 | 14 July | ||||||||
| 1735 | |||||||||
| Gürcü | |||||||||
| (d. 1738) | 14 July | ||||||||
| 1735 | 25 December | ||||||||
| 1735 | |||||||||
| Silahdar Seyyid | |||||||||
| (d. 1757) | 10 January | ||||||||
| 1736 | 5 August | ||||||||
| 1737 | |||||||||
| (1661–1757) | 22 August | ||||||||
| 1737 | 19 December | ||||||||
| 1737 | |||||||||
| (d. 1745) | 3 December | ||||||||
| 1737 | 23 March | ||||||||
| 1739 | |||||||||
| İvazzade Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1743) | 17 March | ||||||||
| 1739 | 23 June | ||||||||
| 1740 | |||||||||
| [[File:Portrait of a Grand Vizier (?).jpg | 91x91px]] | Nişancı Kör Hacı | |||||||
| Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1753) | 22 July | ||||||||
| 1740 | 7 April | ||||||||
| 1742 | |||||||||
| Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (1689–1758) | |||||||||
| Second term | 21 April | ||||||||
| 1742 | 4 October | ||||||||
| 1742 | |||||||||
| Seyyid | |||||||||
| Hasan Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1748) | 4 October | ||||||||
| 1742 | 10 August | ||||||||
| 1746 | |||||||||
| Hacı | |||||||||
| (1680–1751) | 11 August | ||||||||
| 1746 | 24 August | ||||||||
| 1747 | |||||||||
| Seyyid | |||||||||
| Abdullah Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1760) | 24 August | ||||||||
| 1747 | 2 January | ||||||||
| 1750 | |||||||||
| Divitdar | |||||||||
| Mehmed Emin Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1753) | 9 January | ||||||||
| 1750 | 1 July | ||||||||
| 1752 | |||||||||
| Köse | |||||||||
| Bahir Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1765) | 1 July | ||||||||
| 1752 | 16 February | ||||||||
| 1755 | |||||||||
| Osman III | |||||||||
| [[File:III.Osman.webp | 113x113px]] | ||||||||
| (1754–1757) | |||||||||
| Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (1689–1758) | |||||||||
| Third term | 16 February | ||||||||
| 1755 | 19 May | ||||||||
| 1755 | |||||||||
| Naili Abdullah Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1758) | 19 May | ||||||||
| 1755 | 24 August | ||||||||
| 1755 | |||||||||
| Nişancı Silahdar Bıyıklı | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (d. 1755) | 24 August | ||||||||
| 1755 | 23 October | ||||||||
| 1755 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| [[File:Said_Effendi_by_Coypel_in_Paris_in_1742.jpg | 96x96px]] | Yirmisekizzade Mehmed Said Pasha | |||||||
| (d. 1761) | 25 October | ||||||||
| 1755 | 1 April | ||||||||
| 1756 | |||||||||
| Köse | |||||||||
| Bahir Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1765) | |||||||||
| First term | 30 April | ||||||||
| 1756 | 3 December | ||||||||
| 1756 | |||||||||
| Koca | |||||||||
| Mehmet Ragıp Pasha | |||||||||
| (1698–1763) | 12 January | ||||||||
| 1757 | 8 April | ||||||||
| 1763 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Mustafa III | |||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Mustafa III.jpg | 105x105px]] | ||||||||
| (1757–1774) | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (1688–1770) | 11 April | ||||||||
| 1763 | 29 September | ||||||||
| 1763 | |||||||||
| Köse | |||||||||
| Bahir Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1765) | |||||||||
| Second term | 29 September | ||||||||
| 1763 | 30 March | ||||||||
| 1765 † | |||||||||
| (Dismissed, executed) | |||||||||
| [[File:Muhsinzâde Mehmed Pasha.jpg | 92x92px]] | **** | |||||||
| (1704–1774) | |||||||||
| First term | 30 March | ||||||||
| 1765 | 7 August | ||||||||
| 1768 | |||||||||
| Silahdar | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (1727–1771) | 7 August | ||||||||
| 1768 | 20 October | ||||||||
| 1768 | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (1724–1769) | 20 October | ||||||||
| 1768 | 12 August | ||||||||
| 1769 † | |||||||||
| (Dismissed, executed) | |||||||||
| Moldovancı | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (d. 1773) | 12 August | ||||||||
| 1769 | 12 December | ||||||||
| 1769 | |||||||||
| İvazzade Halil Pasha | |||||||||
| (1724–1777) | 13 December | ||||||||
| 1769 | 25 December | ||||||||
| 1770 | |||||||||
| Silahdar Cihangirli | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (1710–1788) | 25 December | ||||||||
| 1770 | 11 December | ||||||||
| 1771 | |||||||||
| [[File:Muhsinzâde Mehmed Pasha.jpg | 92x92px]] | **** | |||||||
| (1704–1774) | |||||||||
| Second term | 11 December | ||||||||
| 1771 | 6 August | ||||||||
| 1774 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Abdul Hamid I | |||||||||
| İzzet Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1723–1784) | |||||||||
| First term | 11 August | ||||||||
| 1774 | 7 July | ||||||||
| 1775 | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (1735–1777) | 7 July | ||||||||
| 1775 | 5 January | ||||||||
| 1777 | |||||||||
| Darendeli | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (1714–1784) | 5 January | ||||||||
| 1777 | 1 September | ||||||||
| 1778 | |||||||||
| Kalafat | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (d. 1792) | 1 September | ||||||||
| 1778 | 22 August | ||||||||
| 1779 | |||||||||
| Silahdar Seyyid | |||||||||
| (1735–1781) | 22 August | ||||||||
| 1779 | 20 February | ||||||||
| 1781 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| İzzet Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1723–1784) | |||||||||
| Second term | 20 February | ||||||||
| 1781 | 25 August | ||||||||
| 1782 | |||||||||
| Hacı Yeğen** | |||||||||
| ** | |||||||||
| (1726–1787) | 25 August | ||||||||
| 1782 | 31 December | ||||||||
| 1782 | |||||||||
| [[File:Halil Hamid Pasha.jpg | 103x103px]] | Halil Hamid Pasha | |||||||
| (1736–1785) | 31 December | ||||||||
| 1782 | 30 April | ||||||||
| 1785 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (d. 1789) | 30 April | ||||||||
| 1785 | 25 January | ||||||||
| 1786 | |||||||||
| [[File:Le_grand_vizir_Youssouf_Pacha_en_1788.jpg | 98x98px]] | Koca | |||||||
| Yusuf Pasha | |||||||||
| (1730–1800) | |||||||||
| First term | 25 January | ||||||||
| 1786 | 28 May | ||||||||
| 1789 | |||||||||
| Selim III | |||||||||
| Meyyit Kethüda | |||||||||
| Hasan Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1810) | 28 May | ||||||||
| 1789 | 2 January | ||||||||
| 1790 | |||||||||
| [[File:Cezayirli_Gazi_Hasan_Paşa_büstü.JPG | 126x126px]] | Gazi Cezayirli | |||||||
| Hasan Pasha | |||||||||
| (1713–1790) | 2 January | ||||||||
| 1790 | 30 March | ||||||||
| 1790 † | |||||||||
| (Died in office) | |||||||||
| Çelebizade Şerif Hasan Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1791) | 16 April | ||||||||
| 1790 | 12 February | ||||||||
| 1791 † | |||||||||
| (Assassinated) | |||||||||
| [[File:Le_grand_vizir_Youssouf_Pacha_en_1788.jpg | 98x98px]] | Koca | |||||||
| Yusuf Pasha | |||||||||
| (1730–1800) | |||||||||
| Second term | 12 February | ||||||||
| 1791 | 1792 | ||||||||
| Damat | |||||||||
| Melek Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1719–1802) | 1792 | 21 October | |||||||
| 1794 | |||||||||
| Safranbolulu | |||||||||
| İzzet Mehmet Pasha | |||||||||
| (1743–1812) | 21 October | ||||||||
| 1794 | 23 October | ||||||||
| 1798 | |||||||||
| [[File:The Grand Vizier Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha (cropped).jpg | 75x75px]] | Kör | |||||||
| Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1819) | |||||||||
| First term | 23 October | ||||||||
| 1798 | 24 June | ||||||||
| 1805 | |||||||||
| Bostancıbaşı Hafız | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (1758–1807) | 24 September | ||||||||
| 1805 | 13 October | ||||||||
| 1806 | |||||||||
| Keçiboynuzu | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (1747–1825) | 13 October | ||||||||
| 1806 | 3 June | ||||||||
| 1807 | |||||||||
| Mustafa IV | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (d. 1811) | 3 June | ||||||||
| 1807 | 28 July | ||||||||
| 1808 | |||||||||
| [[File:Mustafa_bairakdar.jpg | 80x80px]] | Alemdar/Bayrakdar | |||||||
| Mustafa Pasha | |||||||||
| (1750–1808) | 29 July | ||||||||
| 1808 | 15 November | ||||||||
| 1808 † | |||||||||
| (Committed suicide) | Mahmud II | ||||||||
| Çavuşbaşı | |||||||||
| Memiş Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1809) | 16 November | ||||||||
| 1808 | December | ||||||||
| 1808 | |||||||||
| [[File:Sadrazam.jpg | 118x118px]] | Çarhacı | |||||||
| Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1823) | December | ||||||||
| 1808 | March | ||||||||
| 1809 | |||||||||
| [[File:The Grand Vizier Kör Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha (cropped).jpg | 75x75px]] | Kör | |||||||
| Yusuf Ziyaüddin Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1819) | |||||||||
| Second term | March | ||||||||
| 1809 | February | ||||||||
| 1811 | |||||||||
| Laz | |||||||||
| Aziz Ahmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1819) | February | ||||||||
| 1811 | July | ||||||||
| 1812 | |||||||||
| [[File:Portrait_of_Hurshid_Pasha_2.jpg | 105x105px]] | Hurşit Ahmed Pasha | |||||||
| (d. 1822) | July | ||||||||
| 1812 | 30 March | ||||||||
| 1815 | |||||||||
| [[File:Mehmet eminrauf.jpg | 98x98px]] | Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha | |||||||
| (1780–1860) | |||||||||
| First term | 30 March | ||||||||
| 1815 | 6 January | ||||||||
| 1818 | |||||||||
| Burdurlu | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (1765–1837) | 6 January | ||||||||
| 1818 | 5 January | ||||||||
| 1820 | |||||||||
| Seyyid Ispartalı | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (1756–1826) | 5 January | ||||||||
| 1820 | 21 April | ||||||||
| 1821 | |||||||||
| Benderli | |||||||||
| Ali Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1821) | 21 April | ||||||||
| 1821 | 30 April | ||||||||
| 1821 † | |||||||||
| (Executed) | |||||||||
| Hacı İzmirli | |||||||||
| (d. 1828) | 30 April | ||||||||
| 1821 | 11 November | ||||||||
| 1822 | |||||||||
| Bostancıbaşı Deli | |||||||||
| Abdullah Pasha | |||||||||
| (d. 1823) | 11 November | ||||||||
| 1822 | 4 March | ||||||||
| 1823 | |||||||||
| Silahdar | |||||||||
| **** | |||||||||
| (d. 1829) | 4 March | ||||||||
| 1823 | 13 December | ||||||||
| 1823 | |||||||||
| Mehmed Said Galip Pasha | |||||||||
| (1763–1829) | 13 December | ||||||||
| 1823 | 15 September | ||||||||
| 1824 | |||||||||
| Mehmed Selim Pasha | |||||||||
| (1771–1831) | 15 September | ||||||||
| 1824 | 26 October | ||||||||
| 1828 | |||||||||
| [[File:Topal_izzet_pasha.jpg | 90x90px]] | Topal | |||||||
| İzzet Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1792–1855) | |||||||||
| First term | 26 October | ||||||||
| 1828 | 28 January | ||||||||
| 1829 | |||||||||
| [[File:Ritratto_del_pascià_Rescild_-_Giovanni_Boggi.jpg | 93x93px]] | Reşid Mehmed Pasha | |||||||
| (1780–1836) | 28 January | ||||||||
| 1829 | 17 February | ||||||||
| 1833 | |||||||||
| [[File:Mehmet eminrauf.jpg | 98x98px]] | Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha | |||||||
| (1780–1860) | |||||||||
| Second term | 17 February | ||||||||
| 1833 | 8 July | ||||||||
| 1839 | |||||||||
| Abdulmejid I | |||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Abdülmecid - Google Art Project.jpg | 95x95px]] | ||||||||
| (1839–1861) | |||||||||
| [[File:Koca_husrev.jpg | 84x84px]] | Koca | |||||||
| Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha | |||||||||
| (1769–1855) | 8 July | ||||||||
| 1839 | 3 November | ||||||||
| 1839 |
[[Tanzimat]] (1839–1876)
The Gülhane edict was announced soon after Abdul Mecid's sword girding, ushering in the Tanzimat period, a time of major bureaucratic and administrative reform.
| Grand Vizier | Term of office | Sultan | Portrait | Epithet | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | ||||||||
| (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Promulgation of Constitution | ||||
| [[File:Koca_husrev.jpg | 84x84px]] | Koca | ||||||
| Hüsrev Mehmed Pasha | ||||||||
| (1769–1855) | • | 3 November | ||||||
| 1839 | 29 May | |||||||
| 1841 | Abdulmejid I | |||||||
| [[File:Sultan Abdülmecid - Google Art Project.jpg | 95x95px]] | |||||||
| (1839–1861) | ||||||||
| [[File:Mehmet eminrauf.jpg | 98x98px]] | Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha | ||||||
| (1780–1860) | ||||||||
| Third term | 3 | 29 May | ||||||
| 1841 | 7 October | |||||||
| 1841 | ||||||||
| [[File:Topal_izzet_pasha.jpg | 90x90px]] | Topal | ||||||
| İzzet Mehmed Pasha | ||||||||
| (1792–1855) | ||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 7 October | ||||||
| 1841 | 3 September | |||||||
| 1842 | ||||||||
| [[File:Mehmet eminrauf.jpg | 98x98px]] | Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha | ||||||
| (1780–1860) | ||||||||
| Fourth term | 4 | 3 September | ||||||
| 1842 | 31 July | |||||||
| 1846 | ||||||||
| [[File:Resid pasha (cropped).jpg | 86x86px]] | Koca | ||||||
| Mustafa Reşid Pasha | ||||||||
| (1800–1858) | ||||||||
| First term | 1 | 31 July | ||||||
| 1846 | 28 April | |||||||
| 1848 | ||||||||
| [[File:Sarim_pasa.jpg | 81x81px]] | İbrahim Sarim Pasha | ||||||
| (1801–1853) | • | 28 April | ||||||
| 1848 | 13 August | |||||||
| 1848 | ||||||||
| [[File:Resid pasha (cropped).jpg | 86x86px]] | Koca | ||||||
| Mustafa Reşid Pasha | ||||||||
| (1800–1858) | ||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 13 August | ||||||
| 1848 | 26 January | |||||||
| 1852 | ||||||||
| [[File:Mehmet eminrauf.jpg | 98x98px]] | Mehmed Emin Rauf Pasha | ||||||
| (1780–1860) | ||||||||
| Fifth term | 5 | 27 January | ||||||
| 1852 | 7 March | |||||||
| 1852 | ||||||||
| [[File:Resid pasha (cropped).jpg | 86x86px]] | Koca | ||||||
| Mustafa Reşit Pasha | ||||||||
| (1800–1858) | ||||||||
| Third term | 3 | 7 March | ||||||
| 1852 | 7 August | |||||||
| 1852 | ||||||||
| [[File:Mehmet emin ali pasja.jpg | 99x99px]] | Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha | ||||||
| (1815–1871) | ||||||||
| First term | 1 | 7 August | ||||||
| 1852 | 4 October | |||||||
| 1852 | ||||||||
| [[File:Damat_mehmed_ali_pasa.jpg | 86x86px]] | Damat | ||||||
| Mehmed Ali Pasha | ||||||||
| (1813–1868) | • | 4 October | ||||||
| 1852 | 14 May | |||||||
| 1853 | ||||||||
| [[File:Naili_pasa.jpg | 84x84px]] | Mustafa Naili Pasha | ||||||
| (1798–1871) | ||||||||
| First term | 1 | 14 May | ||||||
| 1853 | 30 May | |||||||
| 1854 | ||||||||
| [[File:Kibrisli mehmet emin2.jpg | 96x96px]] | Kıbrıslı | ||||||
| Mehmed Emin Pasha | ||||||||
| (1813–1871) | ||||||||
| First term | 1 | 30 May | ||||||
| 1854 | 24 November | |||||||
| 1854 | ||||||||
| [[File:Resid pasha (cropped).jpg | 86x86px]] | Koca | ||||||
| Mustafa Reşid Pasha | ||||||||
| (1800–1858) | ||||||||
| Fourth term | 4 | 24 November | ||||||
| 1854 | 4 May | |||||||
| 1855 | ||||||||
| [[File:Mehmet emin ali pasja.jpg | 99x99px]] | Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha | ||||||
| (1815–1871) | ||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 4 May | ||||||
| 1855 | 1 December | |||||||
| 1856 | ||||||||
| [[File:Resid pasha (cropped).jpg | 86x86px]] | Koca | ||||||
| Mustafa Reşid Pasha | ||||||||
| (1800–1858) | ||||||||
| Fifth term | 5 | 1 December | ||||||
| 1856 | 2 August | |||||||
| 1857 | ||||||||
| [[File:Naili_pasa.jpg | 84x84px]] | Mustafa Naili Pasha | ||||||
| (1798–1871) | ||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 2 August | ||||||
| 1857 | 23 October | |||||||
| 1857 | ||||||||
| [[File:Resid pasha (cropped).jpg | 86x86px]] | Koca | ||||||
| Mustafa Reşid Pasha | ||||||||
| (1800–1858) | ||||||||
| Sixth term | 6 | 23 October | ||||||
| 1857 | 7 January | |||||||
| 1858 † | ||||||||
| (Died in office) | ||||||||
| [[File:Mehmet emin ali pasja.jpg | 99x99px]] | Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha | ||||||
| (1815–1871) | ||||||||
| Third term | 3 | 11 January | ||||||
| 1858 | 18 October | |||||||
| 1859 | ||||||||
| [[File:Kibrisli mehmet emin2.jpg | 96x96px]] | Kıbrıslı | ||||||
| Mehmed Emin Pasha | ||||||||
| (1813–1871) | ||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 8 October | ||||||
| 1859 | 24 December | |||||||
| 1859 | ||||||||
| [[File:M_Rushdi_Pasha.jpg | 88x88px]] | Mütercim | ||||||
| Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha | ||||||||
| (1811–1882) | ||||||||
| First term | 1 | 24 December | ||||||
| 1859 | 27 May | |||||||
| 1860 | ||||||||
| [[File:Kibrisli mehmet emin2.jpg | 96x96px]] | Kıbrıslı | ||||||
| Mehmed Emin Pasha | ||||||||
| (1813–1871) | ||||||||
| Third term | 3 | 27 May | ||||||
| 1860 | 6 August | |||||||
| 1861 | ||||||||
| Abdulaziz | ||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Abdulaziz I.JPG | 82x82px]] | |||||||
| (1861–1876) | ||||||||
| [[File:Mehmet emin ali pasja.jpg | 99x99px]] | Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha | ||||||
| (1815–1871) | ||||||||
| Fourth term | 4 | 6 August | ||||||
| 1861 | 22 November | |||||||
| 1861 | ||||||||
| [[File:Mehmed fuad.jpg | 94x94px]] | Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha | ||||||
| (1814–1869) | ||||||||
| First term | 1 | 22 November | ||||||
| 1861 | 6 January | |||||||
| 1863 | ||||||||
| [[File:Yusuf Kamil Pasha.jpg | 99x99px]] | Yusuf Kamil Pasha | ||||||
| (1808–1876) | • | 6 January | ||||||
| 1863 | 3 June | |||||||
| 1863 | ||||||||
| [[File:Mehmed fuad.jpg | 94x94px]] | Keçecizade Mehmed Fuad Pasha | ||||||
| (1814–1869) | ||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 3 June | ||||||
| 1863 | 5 June | |||||||
| 1866 | ||||||||
| [[File:M_Rushdi_Pasha.jpg | 88x88px]] | Mütercim | ||||||
| Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha | ||||||||
| (1811–1882) | ||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 5 June | ||||||
| 1866 | 11 February | |||||||
| 1867 | ||||||||
| [[File:Mehmet emin ali pasja.jpg | 99x99px]] | Mehmed Emin Âli Pasha | ||||||
| (1815–1871) | ||||||||
| Fifth term | 5 | 11 February | ||||||
| 1867 | 7 September | |||||||
| 1871 † | ||||||||
| (Died in office) | ||||||||
| [[File:Mahmut nedim.jpg | 101x101px]] | Mahmud Nedim Pasha | ||||||
| (1818–1883) | ||||||||
| First term | 1 | 7 September | ||||||
| 1871 | 31 July | |||||||
| 1872 | ||||||||
| [[File:Nadar - Portrait of Midhat Pasha.jpg | 96x96px]] | Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha | ||||||
| (1822–1883) | ||||||||
| First term | 1 | 31 July | ||||||
| 1872 | 19 October | |||||||
| 1872 | ||||||||
| [[File:M_Rushdi_Pasha.jpg | 88x88px]] | Mütercim | ||||||
| Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha | ||||||||
| (1811–1882) | ||||||||
| Third term | 3 | 19 October | ||||||
| 1872 | 15 February | |||||||
| 1873 | ||||||||
| [[File:Ahmed Esad Pasha.jpg | 84x84px]] | Ahmed Esat Pasha | ||||||
| (1828–1875) | ||||||||
| First term | 1 | 15 February | ||||||
| 1873 | 15 April | |||||||
| 1873 | ||||||||
| [[File:Şirvanlı_Mehmed_Rüşdi_Pasha.jpg | 96x96px]] | Şirvanizade Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha | ||||||
| (1828–1874) | • | 15 April | ||||||
| 1873 | 14 February | |||||||
| 1874 | ||||||||
| [[File:Huseyin_Avni_Pasha_photo.jpg | 112x112px]] | Hüseyin Avni Pasha | ||||||
| (1820–1876) | • | 14 February | ||||||
| 1874 | 25 April | |||||||
| 1875 | ||||||||
| [[File:Ahmed Esad Pasha.jpg | 84x84px]] | Ahmed Esat Pasha | ||||||
| (1828–1875) | ||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 25 April | ||||||
| 1875 | 21 August | |||||||
| 1875 † | ||||||||
| (Died in office) | ||||||||
| [[File:Mahmut nedim.jpg | 101x101px]] | Mahmud Nedim Pasha | ||||||
| (1818–1883) | ||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 21 August | ||||||
| 1875 | 11 May | |||||||
| 1876 | ||||||||
| [[File:M_Rushdi_Pasha.jpg | 88x88px]] | Mütercim | ||||||
| Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha | 4 | 19 December | ||||||
| 1876 | ||||||||
| 12 May | ||||||||
| 1876 | Murad V | |||||||
| [[File:Portrait of Murad V.jpg | 96x96px]] | |||||||
| (1876) | ||||||||
| Abdul Hamid II | ||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Abdulhamid.jpg | 92x92px]] | |||||||
| (1876–1909) |
[[First Constitutional Era|First Constitutional Monarchy (1876–1878)]]
Under pressure from constitutionalist ministers which overthrew his relatives Abdülaziz and Murad V, Abdülhamid II promulgated a constitution and parliament upon his ascension to the throne.
| Grand Vizier | Term of office | Legislature | Title | Sultan | Portrait | Epithet | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | ||||||||||
| (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Constitution suspended | ||||||
| [[File:Nadar - Portrait of Midhat Pasha.jpg | 96x96px]] | Ahmed Şefik Midhat Pasha | ||||||||
| (1822–1883) | ||||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 19 December | ||||||||
| 1876 | 5 February | |||||||||
| 1877 | — | Grand Vizier | Abdul Hamid II | |||||||
| [[File:Sultan Abdulhamid.jpg | 92x92px]] | |||||||||
| (1876–1909) | ||||||||||
| [[File:Ibrahim edhem pasha.jpg | 87x87px]] | İbrahim Edhem Pasha | ||||||||
| (1819–1893) | • | 5 February | ||||||||
| 1877 | 11 January | |||||||||
| 1878 | Grand Vizier | |||||||||
| I | ||||||||||
| (1876) | ||||||||||
| II | ||||||||||
| (1877) | ||||||||||
| [[File:Ahmed Hamdi Pasha.jpg | 82x82px]] | Ahmed Hamdi Pasha | ||||||||
| (1826–1885) | • | 11 January | ||||||||
| 1878 | 4 February | |||||||||
| 1878 | Grand Vizier | |||||||||
| [[File:Ahmet vefik2.jpg | 93x93px]] | Ahmed Vefik Pasha | ||||||||
| (1823–1891) | ||||||||||
| First term | 1 | 4 February | ||||||||
| 1878 | 18 April | |||||||||
| 1878 | Prime Minister |
[[Abdul Hamid II|''İstibdat'' (1878–1908)]]
Abdul Hamid II suspended the constitution and parliament in the aftermath of the 1877–1878 Russo Turkish war, and ruled the Ottoman Empire for the next three decades in a personal dictatorship. Opposition politicians dubbed this era of Ottoman history as the era of İstibdat (despotism). Abdul Hamid revived the use of the title Başnazır, or Prime Minister, though he eventually settled on his government chiefs being called Sadr-ı Azam, or Grand Vizier.
| Grand Vizier | Term of office | Government | Title | Sultan | Portrait | Epithet |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | ||||||
| (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Young Turk Revolution, constitution repromulgated | ||
| [[File:Ahmet vefik2.jpg | 93x93px]] | Ahmed Vefik Pasha | ||||
| (1823–1891) | ||||||
| First term | 1 | 4 February | ||||
| 1878 | 18 April | |||||
| 1878 | Vefik I | Prime Minister | Abdul Hamid II | |||
| [[File:Sultan Abdulhamid.jpg | 92x92px]] | |||||
| (1876–1909) | ||||||
| [[File:Mehmed Sadik Pasha.jpg | 93x93px]] | Mehmed Sadık Pasha | ||||
| (1826–1901) | • | 18 April | ||||
| 1878 | 28 May | |||||
| 1878 | Sadık | Prime Minister | ||||
| [[File:M Rushdi Pasha.jpg | 88x88px]] | Mütercim | ||||
| Mehmed Rüşdi Pasha | ||||||
| (1811–1882) | ||||||
| Fifth term | 5 | 28 May | ||||
| 1878 | 4 June | |||||
| 1878 | Mütercim Rüşdi V | Grand Vizier | ||||
| [[File:Saffet pasa.jpg | 100x100px]] | Mehmed Esat Saffet Pasha | ||||
| (1814–1883) | • | 4 June | ||||
| 1878 | October | |||||
| 1878 | Saffet | Grand Vizier | ||||
| [[File:Hayreddin pasa.jpg | 87x87px]] | Tunuslu | ||||
| Hayreddin Pasha | ||||||
| (1820–1890) | • | October | ||||
| 1878 | 28 July | |||||
| 1879 | Hayreddin | Grand Vizier | ||||
| [[File:Ahmed Arifi Pasha.jpg | 89x89px]] | Ahmed Arifi Pasha | ||||
| (1830–1896) | • | 28 July | ||||
| 1879 | September | |||||
| 1879 | Arifi | Prime Minister | ||||
| [[File:Mehmed Said Paşa Tatar.jpg | 93x93px]] | Küçük | ||||
| Mehmed Said Pasha | ||||||
| (1838–1914) | ||||||
| First term | 1 | 18 October | ||||
| 1879 | 9 June | |||||
| 1880 | Said I | Prime Minister | ||||
| [[File:Mehmed Kadri Pasha.jpg | 102x102px]] | Cenanizade Mehmed Kadri Pasha | • | 9 June | ||
| 1880 | 12 September | |||||
| 1880 | Kadri | Prime Minister | ||||
| [[File:Mehmed Said Paşa Tatar.jpg | 93x93px]] | Küçük | ||||
| Mehmed Said Pasha | ||||||
| (1838–1914) | ||||||
| Second term | 2 | 12 September | ||||
| 1880 | 2 May | |||||
| 1882 | Said II | Prime Minister | ||||
| [[File:Abdurrahman Nureddin Pasha.jpg | 92x92px]] | Abdurrahman Nureddin Pasha | ||||
| (1833–1912) | • | 2 May | ||||
| 1882 | 12 July | |||||
| 1882 | Nureddin | Prime Minister | ||||
| [[File:Mehmed Said Paşa Tatar.jpg | 93x93px]] | Küçük | ||||
| Mehmed Said Pasha | ||||||
| (1838–1914) | ||||||
| Third term | 3 | 12 July | ||||
| 1882 | 30 November | |||||
| 1882 | Said III | Prime Minister | ||||
| [[File:Ahmet vefik2.jpg | 93x93px]] | Ahmed Vefik Pasha | ||||
| (1823–1891) | ||||||
| Second term | 2 | 1 December | ||||
| 1882 | 3 December | |||||
| 1882 | Vefik II | Prime Minister | ||||
| [[File:Mehmed Said Paşa Tatar.jpg | 93x93px]] | Küçük | ||||
| Mehmed Said Pasha | ||||||
| (1838–1914) | ||||||
| Fourth term | 4 | 3 December | ||||
| 1882 | 24 September | |||||
| 1885 | Said IV | Grand Vizier | ||||
| [[File:Kibrisli Kamil Pasha.jpg | 88x88px]] | Kıbrıslı | ||||
| Mehmed Kâmil Pasha | ||||||
| (1833–1913) | ||||||
| First term | 1 | 25 September | ||||
| 1885 | 4 September | |||||
| 1891 | Kâmil I | Grand Vizier | ||||
| [[File:Ahmed cevad pasha.jpg | 91x91px]] | Ahmed Cevat Şakir Pasha | ||||
| (1851–1900) | • | 4 September | ||||
| 1891 | 8 June | |||||
| 1895 | Şakir | Grand Vizier | ||||
| [[File:Mehmed Said Paşa Tatar.jpg | 93x93px]] | Küçük | ||||
| Mehmed Said Pasha | ||||||
| (1838–1914) | ||||||
| Fifth term | 5 | 9 June | ||||
| 1895 | 3 October | |||||
| 1895 | Said V | Grand Vizier | ||||
| [[File:Kibrisli Kamil Pasha.jpg | 88x88px]] | Kıbrıslı | ||||
| Mehmed Kâmil Pasha | ||||||
| (1833–1913) | ||||||
| Second term | 2 | 3 October | ||||
| 1895 | 7 November | |||||
| 1895 | Kâmil II | Grand Vizier | ||||
| [[File:Halil rifat pasa por.jpg | 109x109px]] | Halil Rifat Pasha | ||||
| (1820–1901) | • | 7 November | ||||
| 1895 | 9 November | |||||
| 1901 † | ||||||
| (Died in office) | Rifat | Grand Vizier | ||||
| [[File:Mehmed Said Paşa Tatar.jpg | 93x93px]] | Küçük | ||||
| Mehmed Said Pasha | ||||||
| (1838–1914) | ||||||
| Sixth term | 6 | 13 November | ||||
| 1901 | 15 January | |||||
| 1903 | Said VI | Grand Vizier | ||||
| [[File:Mehmed Ferid Pasha3.jpg | 92x92px]] | Mehmed Ferid Pasha | ||||
| (1851–1914) | • | 15 January | ||||
| 1903 | 22 July | |||||
| 1908 | Avyonyalı Ferid | Grand Vizier |
[[Second Constitutional Era|Second Constitutional Monarchy (1908–1920)]]
The Young Turks force Abdul Hamid II to reinstate the constitution and parliament on 24 July 1908. Political parties were introduced in the Second Constitutional Era.
| Grand Vizier | Term of office | Faction/Political Party | Legislature | Sultan | Portrait | Epithet | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | ||||||||||
| (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Constitution suspended | ||||||
| [[File:Mehmed Said Paşa Tatar.jpg | 107x107px]] | Küçük | ||||||||
| Mehmed Said Pasha | ||||||||||
| (1838–1914) | ||||||||||
| Seventh term | 7 | 22 July | ||||||||
| 1908 | 6 August | |||||||||
| 1908 | Independent | — | Abdul Hamid II | |||||||
| [[File:Sultan Abdulhamid.jpg | 92x92px]] | |||||||||
| (1876–1909) | ||||||||||
| [[File:Kibrisli Kamil Pasha.jpg | 100x100px]] | Kıbrıslı | ||||||||
| Mehmed Kâmil Pasha | ||||||||||
| (1833–1913) | ||||||||||
| Third term | 3 | 5 August | ||||||||
| 1908 | 14 February | |||||||||
| 1909 | ||||||||||
| (Censored) | Independent | |||||||||
| Liberty Party | ||||||||||
| III | ||||||||||
| (1908) | ||||||||||
| [[File:Hussein Hilmi Pacha.JPG | 100x100px]] | Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha | ||||||||
| (1855–1922) | ||||||||||
| First term | 1 | 14 February | ||||||||
| 1909 | 14 April | |||||||||
| 1909 | ||||||||||
| (Deposed) | Committee of Union and Progress | |||||||||
| [[File:Tevfik pasha.jpg | 120x120px]] | Ahmet Tevfik Pasha (Okday) | ||||||||
| (1845–1936) | ||||||||||
| First term | 1 | 14 April | ||||||||
| 1909 | 5 May | |||||||||
| 1909 | ||||||||||
| (Deposed) | Independent | |||||||||
| Mehmed V | ||||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Mehmed V of the Ottoman Empire cropped.jpg | 85x85px]] | |||||||||
| (1909–1918) | ||||||||||
| [[File:Hussein Hilmi Pacha.JPG | 100x100px]] | Hüseyin Hilmi Pasha | ||||||||
| (1855–1922) | ||||||||||
| Second term | 2 | 5 May | ||||||||
| 1909 | 15 August | |||||||||
| 1909 | Committee of Union and Progress | |||||||||
| 15 August | ||||||||||
| 1909 | 12 January | |||||||||
| 1910 | ||||||||||
| [[File:Ibrahim Hakki Pasha.jpg | 121x121px]] | İbrahim Hakkı Pasha | ||||||||
| (1862–1918) | • | 12 January | ||||||||
| 1910 | 30 September | |||||||||
| 1911 | Committee of Union and Progress | |||||||||
| [[File:Mehmed Said Paşa Tatar.jpg | 107x107px]] | Küçük | ||||||||
| Mehmed Said Pasha | ||||||||||
| (1838–1914) | ||||||||||
| Eighth and ninth term | 8 | 30 September | ||||||||
| 1911 | 31 December | |||||||||
| 1911 | Committee of Union and Progress | |||||||||
| IV | ||||||||||
| (1912) | ||||||||||
| 9 | 31 December | |||||||||
| 1911 | 22 July | |||||||||
| 1912 | ||||||||||
| (Deposed) | ||||||||||
| [[File:Mukhtar Pasha.jpg | 110x110px]] | Gazi | ||||||||
| Ahmed Muhtar Pasha | • | 22 July | ||||||||
| 1912 | 29 October | |||||||||
| 1912 | Independent | |||||||||
| — | ||||||||||
| [[File:Kibrisli Kamil Pasha.jpg | 100x100px]] | Kıbrıslı | ||||||||
| Mehmed Kâmil Pasha | ||||||||||
| (1833–1913) | ||||||||||
| Fourth term | 4 | 29 October | ||||||||
| 1912 | 23 January | |||||||||
| 1913 | ||||||||||
| (Deposed) | Freedom and Accord Party | |||||||||
| Independent | ||||||||||
| [[File:Mahmud Shevket Pasha.png | 113x113px]] | Mahmud Şevket Pasha | ||||||||
| (1856–1913) | • | 23 January | ||||||||
| 1913 | 11 June | |||||||||
| 1913 † | ||||||||||
| (Assassinated) | Independent | |||||||||
| [[File:Said Halim Pasha.jpg | 129x129px]] | Mehmed Said Halim Pasha | ||||||||
| (1865–1921) | • | 12 June | ||||||||
| 1913 | 3 February | |||||||||
| 1917 | Committee of Union and Progress | |||||||||
| V | ||||||||||
| (1914) | ||||||||||
| [[File:Mehmed talat.jpg | 96x96px]] | Mehmed Talât Pasha | ||||||||
| (1874–1921) | ||||||||||
| First and second term | 1 | 4 February | ||||||||
| 1917 | 4 July | |||||||||
| 1918 | Committee of Union and Progress | |||||||||
| 2 | 4 July | |||||||||
| 1918 | 8 October | |||||||||
| 1918 | Mehmed VI | |||||||||
| [[File:Sultan Mehmed VI of the Ottoman Empire.jpg | 93x93px]] | |||||||||
| (1918–1922) | ||||||||||
| [[File:Ahmet İzzet Paşa.jpg | 116x116px]] | Ahmed İzzet Pasha (Furgaç) | ||||||||
| (1864–1937) | • | 14 October | ||||||||
| 1918 | 11 November | |||||||||
| 1918 | Committee of Union and Progress | |||||||||
| Independent | ||||||||||
| [[File:Tevfik pasha.jpg | 120x120px]] | Ahmet Tevfik Pasha (Okday) | ||||||||
| (1845–1936) | ||||||||||
| Second and third term | 2 | 11 November | ||||||||
| 1918 | 12 January | |||||||||
| 1919 | Independent | |||||||||
| — | ||||||||||
| 3 | 12 January | |||||||||
| 1919 | 24 February | |||||||||
| 1919 | ||||||||||
| 4 | 24 February | |||||||||
| 1919 | 3 March | |||||||||
| 1919 | ||||||||||
| [[File:Damad Ferid Pasha 1919.jpg | 107x107px]] | Damat | ||||||||
| Mehmed Adil Ferid Pasha | ||||||||||
| (1853–1923) | ||||||||||
| First, second, and third term | 1 | 4 March | ||||||||
| 1919 | 15 May | |||||||||
| 1919 | Independent | |||||||||
| 2 | 19 May | |||||||||
| 1919 | 20 July | |||||||||
| 1919 | ||||||||||
| 3 | 21 July | |||||||||
| 1919 | 30 September | |||||||||
| 1919 | ||||||||||
| [[File:Ali riza pasa.jpg | 107x107px]] | Ali Rıza Pasha | ||||||||
| (1860–1932) | 1 | 2 October | ||||||||
| 1919 | 9 February | |||||||||
| 1920 | Turkish Nationalist | |||||||||
| VI | ||||||||||
| (1919) | ||||||||||
| 2 | 9 February | |||||||||
| 1920 | 3 March | |||||||||
| 1920 | ||||||||||
| [[File:Hulusi bey.jpg | 107x107px]] | Salih Hulusi Pasha (Kezrak) | ||||||||
| (1864–1939) | • | 8 March | ||||||||
| 1920 | 2 April | |||||||||
| 1920 | Turkish Nationalist |
Last grand viziers (1920–1922)
Following the end of the Second Constitutional Era in 1920, the Ottoman Empire was in a state of diarchy, with the government based in Constantinople and the government based in Ankara both asserting themselves as the legitimate Turkish government. Mehmed VI abolished the constitution and suspended parliament when the Chamber of Deputies voted in support of the National Pact in the Turkish War of Independence.
| Grand Vizier | Term of office | Faction/ | Sultan | Portrait | Epithet | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | |||||||
| (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | End of the Ottoman Empire | |||
| [[File:Damad Ferid Pasha 1919.jpg | 107x107px]] | Damat | |||||
| Mehmed Adil Ferid Pasha | |||||||
| (1853–1923) | |||||||
| Fourth and Fifth terms | 4 | 5 April | |||||
| 1920 | July 31 | ||||||
| 1920 | Independent | Mehmed VI | |||||
| [[File:Sultan Mehmed VI of the Ottoman Empire.jpg | 93x93px]] | ||||||
| (1918–1922) | |||||||
| 5 | July 31 | ||||||
| 1920 | 21 October | ||||||
| 1920 | |||||||
| [[File:Tevfik pasha.jpg | 120x120px]] | Ahmet Tevfik Pasha (Okday) | |||||
| (1845–1936) | |||||||
| Fourth term | 5 | 21 October | |||||
| 1920 | 4 November | ||||||
| 1922 | Independent |
During the Conference of London, Ahmet Tevfik Pasha recognized the ambassador of the Grand National Assembly as the legitimate government of Turkey. On 1 November 1922, the Grand National Assembly voted to abolish the Sultanate. Ahmet Tevfik Pasha was the last grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire, and resigned from the premiership on November 4, 1922, without a replacement.
List of prime ministers of Turkey
Main article: List of prime ministers of Turkey
References
Citations
Bibliography
References
- "Archivum Ottomanicum".
- "Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire".
- Kuran, Ercüment. "Başvekil".
- İzahlı Osmanlı Tarihi Kronolojisi, Cilt:5, İsmail Hami Danişmend
Wikipedia Source
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