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List of orthopedic implants

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List of orthopedic implants

Summary

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Orthopedic implant example seen with X-ray

An orthopedic implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing joint or bone, or to support a damaged bone. The medical implant is mainly fabricated using stainless steel and titanium alloys for strength and the plastic coating that is done on it acts as an artificial cartilage. The biodegradable metals in this category are magnesium-based and iron-based alloys, though recently zinc has also been investigated. Currently, the uses of bioresorbable metals are as fracture fixation implants Internal fixation is an operation in orthopedics that involves the surgical implementation of implants to repair a bone. During the surgery of broken bones through internal fixation the bone fragments are first reduced into their normal alignment then they are held together with the help of internal fixators such as plates, screws, nails, pins, and wires.

Eponymous implants and their uses

  • Austin-Moore prosthesis for fracture of the neck of the femur
  • Baksi's prosthesis for elbow replacement
  • Charnley prosthesis for total hip replacement
  • Condylar blade plate for condylar fractures of the femur
  • Ender's nail for fixing intertrochanteric fracture
  • Grosse-Kempf nail for tibial or femoral shaft fracture
  • Hansson pin (or LIH for Lars Ingvar Hansson), a hook-pin used for fractures of the femoral neck
  • Harrington rod for fixation of the spine
  • Hartshill rectangle for fixation of the spine
  • Insall Burstein prosthesis : for total knee replacement
  • Richard N.W. Wohns interspinous implant and implantation instrument intended to be implanted between two adjacent dorsal spines
  • Kirschner wire for fixation of small bones
  • Kuntscher nail for fracture of the shaft of the femur
  • Luque rod: for fixation of the spine
  • Moore's pin for fracture of the neck of the femur
  • Neer's prosthesis for shoulder replacement
  • Rush nail for diaphyseal fractures of a long bone
  • Smith-Petersen nail for fracture of the neck of femur
  • Smith-Petersen nail with McLaughlin's plate for intertrochanteric fracture
  • Seidel nail for fracture of the shaft of the humerus
  • Souter's prosthesis for elbow replacement
  • Steffee plate for fixation of the spine
  • Steinmann pin for skeletal traction
  • Swanson prosthesis for the replacement of joints of the fingers
  • Talwalkar nail for fracture of radius and ulna
  • Thompson prosthesis for fracture of the neck of the femur

Branded Systems

Waldemar LinkDePuy SynthesVast OrthoStrykerSmith & NephewBiometOrthofixZimmer
ElectiveTotal Hip ReplacementLubinus SP IIAustin MooreExeter
Hip hemiarthroplasty
Hip resurfacingBirmingham
Total Knee ReplacementGeminiSigmaTriathlonJourneyVanguard
Unicompartmental knee arthroplastySledOxford
Shoulder/Elbow/Ankle Replacement
TraumaFemoral NailExpert LFN/RAFN/ALFNPFNAGamma nailIntertan nail
Tibial NailExpert tibia nailTibia NailT2 tibia nail
External fixationIlizarov RingHoffmann IITaylor spatial frameTrueLok Hex
Locking Plates (LCP)2.4mm Locking
Angled PlatesAngle Blade Plate
SpineAnterior Cervical Plate

Research progress

The discipline of orthopedic implants is constantly evolving as new biomaterials become available. An important consideration in this respect is that the health status of the patient influences the optimal choice of the material to be implanted. For instance it was shown that patients with steatotic liver disease benefit from nanohydroxyapatite-coated (nHA) titanium surfaces, whereas this is not necessary for patients without fatty liver disease. A surface engineering method was developed for biodegradable magnesium alloys to enhance orthopedic implants.

References

References

  1. (August 2012). "Orthopedic Implants". Wordpress.
  2. "About Orthopedic Implants". Wordpress.
  3. (2020). "Magnesium-graphene nano-platelet composites: Corrosion behavior, mechanical and biological properties". Journal of Alloys and Compounds.
  4. (2023-07-03). "A Comprehensive Review of the Current Research Status of Biodegradable Zinc Alloys and Composites for Biomedical Applications". Materials.
  5. (2023). "The effect of Co-encapsulated GNPs-CNTs nanofillers on mechanical properties, degradation and antibacterial behavior of Mg-based composite". Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.
  6. (2022-10-20). "Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Encapsulated Magnesium-Based Nanocomposites to Improve Mechanical, Degradation and Antibacterial Performances for Biomedical Device Applications". Coatings.
  7. (2023-02-17). "Bredigite-CNTs Reinforced Mg-Zn Bio-Composites to Enhance the Mechanical and Biological Properties for Biomedical Applications". Materials.
  8. (2023-02-25). "MWCNTs-TiO2 Incorporated-Mg Composites to Improve the Mechanical, Corrosion and Biological Characteristics for Use in Biomedical Fields". Materials.
  9. Lakatos, Ronald. (2023-04-10). "General Principles of Internal Fixation: History of Fracture Treatment, Fracture Repair Biology, Pins, Wires, and Screws".
  10. "Internal Fixation Definition". MedicineNet.
  11. "Types of Orthopedic Implants". gpcmedical.
  12. Lakatos, Ronald. "History of fracture treatment".
  13. (1957). "Replacement of the Femoral Head by Judet or Austin Moore Prosthesis". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
  14. (2008). "Prosthetic replacement of elbow in postburn bony ankylosis: Long-term results". International Orthopaedics.
  15. (1996). "Total Hip Arthroplasty with the Charnley Prosthesis in Patients Fifty-five Years Old and Less. Fifteen to Twenty-one-Year Results". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
  16. (1989). "Subtrochanteric fractures of the femur. Results of treatment with the 95 degrees condylar blade-plate". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research.
  17. (1990). "Femoral shaft fractures treated by Ender nails using a trochanteric approach". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
  18. (1997). "Proximal Thigh Pain after Femoral Nailing: Causes and Treatment". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
  19. (1998). "[Medial migration of a Hansson hook-pin after femoral neck fracture]". Ugeskr Laeger.
  20. (1991). "Luque rod instrumentation in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A comparative study with Harrington instrumentation". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
  21. (1986). "Internal fixation of the lumbar spine. The Hartshill rectangle". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research.
  22. (1995). "Stability and range of motion of Insall-Burstein condylar prostheses. A computer simulation study". The Journal of Arthroplasty.
  23. "Interspinous Implant And Implantation Instrument". Freshpatents.com.
  24. Franssen, BBJM. (August 2012). "Kischner Wire".
  25. (1982). "Kuntscher's nails for femoral fractures". BMJ.
  26. (1991). "Luque rod instrumentation in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A comparative study with Harrington instrumentation". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
  27. (1992). "Shoulder prosthesis". Chirurgie; Mémoires de l'Académie de Chirurgie.
  28. (2004). "A flexible intramedullary nails for fractures in children". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
  29. "Definition of Smith Pearson nail".
  30. (2002). "The Souter-Strathclyde elbow arthroplasty". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
  31. (1994). "Lumbar and lumbosacral fusion using Steffee instrumentation". Spine.
  32. "Definition of Steinmann Pin". Farex.
  33. (2001). "Use of the Swanson Silicone Trapezium Implant for Treatment of Primary Osteoarthritis: Long-Term Results". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
  34. (1967). "Treatment of simple fractures of radius and ulna with internal fixation without external support". Singapore Medical Journal.
  35. (1975). "Thompson prosthesis for fractured neck of femur. A comparison of surgical approaches". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
  36. (January 2008). "Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty". J Am Acad Orthop Surg.
  37. (1992). "The Gamma nail for peritrochanteric fractures". The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume.
  38. "TRIGEN INTERTAN Intertrochanteric Antegrade Nail | Smith+Nephew - Corporate".
  39. (November 2024). "Interaction of high lipogenic states with titanium on osteogenesis.". Bone.
  40. (2019). "Surface Engineering of Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys for Enhanced Orthopedic Implants". Small.
  41. "GM ortho Implants Design".
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