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List of Olympic medalists in figure skating

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List of Olympic medalists in figure skating

Summary

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Figure skating has been part of the Olympic Games since 1908 and has been contested at 26 Olympic Games. There have been 286 medals (96 gold, 95 silver, and 95 bronze) awarded to figure skaters representing 29 National Olympic Committees. Six events have been contested but one, men's special figures, was discontinued after a single Olympics.

Canadian ice dancers Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir are the only figure skaters to win five Olympic medals (three gold medals and two silver medals). Swedish figure skater Gillis Grafström and Russian figure skater Evgeni Plushenko have each won four medals. The only skaters with three consecutive titles are Grafström in men's singles, Sonja Henie for Norway in women's singles, and Irina Rodnina from the Soviet Union in pair skating. American Nathan Chen, and Canadians Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir, are the only skaters to win two gold medals in the same Olympics.

Medalists

Men's singles

YearLocationGoldSilverBronzeRef.190819121920192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022
GBR LondonSWE Ulrich SalchowSWE Richard JohanssonSWE Per Thorén
SWE StockholmFigure skating not contested at these Olympics
BEL AntwerpSWE Gillis GrafströmNOR Andreas KroghNOR Martin Stixrud
FRA ChamonixSWE Gillis GrafströmAUT Willy BöcklSUI Georges Gautschi
SUI St. MoritzSWE Gillis GrafströmAUT Willy BöcklBEL Robert van Zeebroeck
USA Lake PlacidAUT Karl SchäferSWE Gillis GrafströmCAN Montgomery Wilson
GER Garmisch-PartenkirchenAUT Karl SchäferGER Ernst BaierAUT Felix Kaspar
SUI St. MoritzUSA Dick ButtonSUI Hans GerschwilerAUT Edi Rada
NOR OsloUSA Dick ButtonAUT Helmut SeibtUSA James Grogan
ITA Cortina d'AmpezzoUSA Hayes Alan JenkinsUSA Ronnie RobertsonUSA David Jenkins
USA Squaw ValleyUSA David JenkinsTCH Karol DivínCAN Donald Jackson
AUT InnsbruckEUA Manfred SchnelldorferFRA Alain CalmatUSA Scott Allen
FRA GrenobleAUT Wolfgang SchwarzUSA Timothy WoodFRA Patrick Péra
JPN SapporoTCH Ondrej NepelaURS Sergei ChetverukhinFRA Patrick Péra
AUT InnsbruckGBR John CurryURS Vladimir KovalevCAN Toller Cranston
USA Lake PlacidGBR Robin CousinsGDR Jan HoffmannUSA Charles Tickner
YUG SarajevoUSA Scott HamiltonCAN Brian OrserTCH Jozef Sabovčík
CAN CalgaryUSA Brian BoitanoCAN Brian OrserURS Viktor Petrenko
FRA AlbertvilleEUN Viktor PetrenkoUSA Paul WylieTCH Petr Barna
NOR LillehammerRUS Alexei UrmanovCAN Elvis StojkoFRA Philippe Candeloro
JPN NaganoRUS Ilia KulikCAN Elvis StojkoFRA Philippe Candeloro
USA Salt Lake CityRUS Alexei YagudinRUS Evgeni PlushenkoUSA Timothy Goebel
ITA TurinRUS Evgeni PlushenkoSUI Stéphane LambielCAN Jeffrey Buttle
CAN VancouverUSA Evan LysacekRUS Evgeni PlushenkoJPN Daisuke Takahashi
RUS SochiJPN Yuzuru HanyuCAN Patrick ChanKAZ Denis Ten
KOR PyeongchangJPN Yuzuru HanyuJPN Shoma UnoESP Javier Fernández
CHN BeijingUSA Nathan ChenJPN Yuma KagiyamaJPN Shoma Uno

Men's special figures

A male figure skater poses with crossed arms for a shot at an indoor ice rink.
[[Nikolai Panin]] of Russia was the sole winner of the Olympic [[special figures]] event.

Men's special figures was only included in one Olympic Games before being discontinued. The sole winner of the event was Russian Nikolai Panin, who gave his country its first ever Olympic gold medal.

YearLocationGoldSilverBronzeRef.1908
GBR LondonRU1 Nikolai PaninGBR Arthur CummingGBR Geoffrey Hall-Say

Women's singles

YearLocationGoldSilverBronzeRef.190819121920192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022
GBR LondonGBR Madge SyersGerman Empire Elsa RendschmidtGBR Dorothy Greenhough-Smith
SWE StockholmFigure skating not contested at these Olympics
BEL AntwerpSWE Magda JulinSWE Svea NorénUSA Theresa Weld
FRA ChamonixAUT Herma SzaboUSA Beatrix LoughranGBR Ethel Muckelt
SUI St. MoritzNOR Sonja HenieAUT Fritzi BurgerUSA Beatrix Loughran
USA Lake PlacidNOR Sonja HenieAUT Fritzi BurgerUSA Maribel Vinson
GER Garmisch-PartenkirchenNOR Sonja HenieGBR Cecilia ColledgeSWE Vivi-Anne Hultén
SUI St. MoritzCAN Barbara Ann ScottAUT Eva PawlikGBR Jeannette Altwegg
NOR OsloGBR Jeannette AltweggUSA Tenley AlbrightFRA Jacqueline du Bief
ITA Cortina d'AmpezzoUSA Tenley AlbrightUSA Carol HeissAUT Ingrid Wendl
USA Squaw ValleyUSA Carol HeissNED Sjoukje DijkstraUSA Barbara Roles
AUT InnsbruckNED Sjoukje DijkstraAUT Regine HeitzerCAN Petra Burka
FRA GrenobleUSA Peggy FlemingGDR Gabriele SeyfertTCH Hana Mašková
JPN SapporoAUT Beatrix SchubaCAN Karen MagnussenUSA Janet Lynn
AUT InnsbruckUSA Dorothy HamillNED Dianne de LeeuwGDR Christine Errath
USA Lake PlacidGDR Anett PötzschUSA Linda FratianneFRG Dagmar Lurz
YUG SarajevoGDR Katarina WittUSA Rosalynn SumnersURS Kira Ivanova
CAN CalgaryGDR Katarina WittCAN Elizabeth ManleyUSA Debi Thomas
FRA AlbertvilleUSA Kristi YamaguchiJPN Midori ItoUSA Nancy Kerrigan
NOR LillehammerUKR Oksana BaiulUSA Nancy KerriganCHN Chen Lu
JPN NaganoUSA Tara LipinskiUSA Michelle KwanCHN Chen Lu
USA Salt Lake CityUSA Sarah HughesRUS Irina SlutskayaUSA Michelle Kwan
ITA TurinJPN Shizuka ArakawaUSA Sasha CohenRUS Irina Slutskaya
CAN VancouverKOR Yuna KimJPN Mao AsadaCAN Joannie Rochette
RUS SochiRUS Adelina SotnikovaKOR Yuna KimITA Carolina Kostner
KOR PyeongchangIOC Alina ZagitovaIOC Evgenia MedvedevaCAN Kaetlyn Osmond
CHN BeijingRussia Anna ShcherbakovaRussia Alexandra TrusovaJPN Kaori Sakamoto

Pairs

At the 1964 Olympics, Marika Kilius and Hans-Jürgen Bäumler of Germany, Debbi Wilkes and Guy Revell of Canada, and Vivian Joseph and Ronald Joseph of the United States placed second, third, and fourth, respectively. Two years later, Kilius and Bäumler's results were invalidated because the pair had signed a professional contract before the Olympics. The silver medals were re-allocated to Wilkes and Revell and the bronze medals to Joseph and Joseph. However, in 1987, the German team was re-awarded their silver medals after an appeal. In November 2014, the International Olympic Committee clarified that both the German and Canadian teams were the silver medalists, and the U.S. team were the bronze medalists.

At the 2002 Olympics, a controversy in the pairs competition culminated in the French judge's scores being thrown out and the Canadian team of Jamie Salé and David Pelletier being awarded gold medals. Additionally, the Russian team of Elena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze were allowed to keep their medals despite the allegations of vote swapping and buying of votes of the French judge. Judges from Russia, China, Poland, Ukraine, and France had placed the Russians first; judges from the United States, Canada, Germany, and Japan gave the nod to the Canadians. A scheme had been hatched whereby the French pairs judge had agreed to award the gold medal to the Russian team, while the Russian ice dance judge was to award the gold medal to the French ice dance team. The International Skating Union announced a day after the competition that it would conduct an "internal assessment" into the judging decision. Marie-Reine Le Gougne, the French judge implicated in collusion, and Didier Gailhaguet, president of the French Federation of Ice Sports, were found guilty of misconduct and were suspended for three years and barred from officiating at the 2006 Winter Olympics.

YearLocationGoldSilverBronzeRef.190819121920192419281932193619481952195619601964196819721976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022
GBR London
SWE StockholmFigure skating not contested at these Olympics
BEL Antwerp
FRA Chamonix
SUI St. Moritz
USA Lake Placid
GER Garmisch-Partenkirchen
SUI St. Moritz
NOR Oslo
ITA Cortina d'Ampezzo
USA Squaw Valley
AUT Innsbruck
FRA Grenoble
JPN Sapporo
AUT Innsbruck
USA Lake Placid
YUG Sarajevo
CAN Calgary
FRA Albertville
NOR Lillehammer
JPN Nagano
USA Salt Lake City
No silver medals awarded
ITA Turin
CAN Vancouver
RUS Sochi
KOR Pyeongchang
CHN Beijing

Ice dance

YearLocationGoldSilverBronzeRef.1976198019841988199219941998200220062010201420182022
AUT Innsbruck
USA Lake Placid
YUG Sarajevo
CAN Calgary
FRA Albertville
NOR Lillehammer
JPN Nagano
USA Salt Lake City
ITA Turin
CAN Vancouver
RUS Sochi
KOR Pyeongchang
CHN Beijing

Team event

The team event is the newest Olympic figure skating event, first contested in the 2014 Games. It combines the four Olympic figure skating disciplines (men's singles, women's singles, pairs, and ice dance) into a single event; gold is awarded to the team that earns the most placement points.

The results of the 2022 team event were fraught with controversy. The medal ceremony originally scheduled for February 8 was delayed over what International Olympic Committee (IOC) spokesperson Mark Adams described as a situation that required "legal consultation" with the International Skating Union. Several media outlets reported that the issue was over a positive test from December 2021 that showed the presence of trimetazidine in a sample given by Kamila Valieva from the Russian Olympic Committee (ROC), which was officially confirmed on February 11. The Russian Anti-Doping Agency (RUSADA), under suspension from the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) since 2015 for its years of serving solely to hide the positive doping results of Russian athletes, cleared Valieva on February 9, a day after the December test results were released and two months after the test. The IOC, WADA, and the ISU appealed the RUSADA's decision.

On February 14, the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) ruled that Valieva be allowed to compete in the women's single event, stating that preventing her from competing "would cause her irreparable harm in the circumstances", although her gold medal in the team event was still under consideration. The favorable decision from the court was made in part due to her age, as minor athletes are subject to different rules than adult athletes. The IOC announced that the medal ceremony would not take place until the investigation was over and there was a concrete decision whether to strip Russia of their medals.

On January 29, 2024, the CAS disqualified Valieva for four years retroactive to December 25, 2021, for an anti-doping rule violation which they found her to have committed. On January 30, 2024, the ISU, among other actions, re-allocated the medals in the figure skating team event, upgrading the United States and Japan to gold and silver, while downgrading the ROC to bronze. By July 25, 2024, the CAS dismissed all of Russia's appeals of their January decision, and on August 7, 2024, the American and Japanese teams were presented with their gold and silver medals at a ceremony held at the Champions Park, near the Eiffel Tower, during the 2024 Summer Olympics.

YearLocationGoldSilverBronzeRef.201420182022
RUS Sochi****
Evgeni Plushenko
Yulia Lipnitskaya
Tatiana Volosozhar
Maxim Trankov
Ksenia Stolbova
Fedor Klimov
Ekaterina Bobrova
Dmitri Soloviev
Elena Ilinykh
Nikita Katsalapov****
Patrick Chan
Kevin Reynolds
Kaetlyn Osmond
Meagan Duhamel
Eric Radford
Kirsten Moore-Towers
Dylan Moscovitch
Tessa Virtue
Scott Moir****
Jeremy Abbott
Jason Brown
Ashley Wagner
Gracie Gold
Marissa Castelli
Simon Shnapir
Meryl Davis
Charlie White
KOR Pyeongchang****
Patrick Chan
Kaetlyn Osmond
Gabrielle Daleman
Meagan Duhamel
Eric Radford
Tessa Virtue
Scott MoirIOC OAR
Mikhail Kolyada
Evgenia Medvedeva
Alina Zagitova
Evgenia Tarasova
Vladimir Morozov
Natalia Zabiiako
Alexander Enbert
Ekaterina Bobrova
Dmitri Soloviev****
Nathan Chen
Adam Rippon
Bradie Tennell
Mirai Nagasu
Alexa Scimeca Knierim
Chris Knierim
Maia Shibutani
Alex Shibutani
CHN Beijing****
Nathan Chen
Vincent Zhou
Karen Chen
Alexa Knierim
Brandon Frazier
Madison Hubbell
Zachary Donohue
Madison Chock
Evan Bates****
Shoma Uno
Yuma Kagiyama
Wakaba Higuchi
Kaori Sakamoto
Riku Miura
Ryuichi Kihara
Misato Komatsubara
Tim KoletoRUS ROC
Mark Kondratiuk
Kamila Valieva (DQ)
Anastasia Mishina
Aleksandr Galliamov
Victoria Sinitsina
Nikita Katsalapov

Multiple medals

Ice dancers Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir dancing on ice together.
Ice dancers [[Tessa Virtue]] and [[Scott Moir]] are the most decorated Olympic figure skaters in history with a total of five medals.
An ice dance couple performing a routine. The man, on the right, is dressed with a dark suit and holds his white-dressed partner by her waist and left hand.
Ice dancers [[Marina Klimova]] and [[Sergei Ponomarenko]] won a bronze medal in 1984, improved to a silver in 1988, and capped their Olympic appearances with a gold in 1992.
Russian ice dancers Oksana Grishuk and Evgeny Platov holdings hands and waving to the crowd while skating.
Russian ice dancers [[Oksana Grishuk]] and [[Evgeny Platov]] won the 1994 and 1998 Olympic titles.

Most medals won

Skaters who have won three or more Olympic medals are listed below.

SkaterNationEvent(s)Olympics[[File:Gold medal icon (G initial).svg20pxlink=Gold medal – first placealt=A gold circle with a G in it.]][[File:Silver medal icon (S initial).svg20pxlink=Silver medal – second placealt=A silver circle with an S in it.]][[File:Bronze medal icon (B initial).svg20pxlink=Bronze medal – third placealt=A bronze circle with a B in it.]]Total
Ice dance &
team event2010, 2014, 20183205
Men's singles1920, 1924, 1928, 19323104
Women's singles1928, 1932, 19363003
Pairs1972, 1976, 19803003
Men's singles
& team event2002, 2006, 2010, 20142204
Pairs1992, 1994, 19982103
Pairs1924, 1928, 19322013
Men's singles
& team event2018, 20222013
Men's singles
& team event2014, 20181203
ROCIce dance &
team event2014, 20221124
Ice dance &
team event2010, 20141113
Pairs &
team event2014, 20181113
Ice dance1984, 1988, 19921113
Women's singles
& team event2014, 20181113
Ice dance1984, 1988, 19921113
Pairs &
team event2014, 20181113
Ice dance &
team event2010, 20141113
Pairs2002, 2006, 20101023
Pairs2010, 2014, 20181023
Pairs2002, 2006, 20101023
Women's singles
& pairs1924, 1928, 19320213
Men's singles
& team event2018, 20220213

Multiple gold medals

A male figure skater looks at the camera while performing a figure skating element on an outdoor ice rink.
Swedish [[Gillis Grafström]] is a three-time Olympic figure skating gold medalist in the men's singles event.

The only skaters with three consecutive titles are Gillis Grafström in men's singles, Sonja Henie in women's singles, and Irina Rodnina in pairs. The most consecutive titles in ice dance is two, which has only been achieved by Oksana Grishuk and Evgeny Platov. In addition, one women's singles skater, three men's singles skaters, and five pair skaters have earned consecutive titles. Two ice dancers and three pair skaters have earned non-consecutive titles.

Six skaters have won Olympic gold medals in multiple events. Evgeni Plushenko won gold in men's singles in 2006 and team event gold in 2014. Tatiana Volosozhar and Maxim Trankov were the first skaters to win multiple events at a single Olympics, winning in both pairs and the team event. Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir matched this feat four years later, earning golds in ice dance and the team event. Nathan Chen won gold in both men's singles and the team event in 2022.

SkaterNationEvent(s)Olympics[[File:Gold medal icon (G initial).svg20pxlink=Gold medal – first placealt=A gold circle with a G in it.]]Nathan Chen
Men's singles1920, 1924, 19283
Women's singles1928, 1932, 19363
Ice dance &
team event2010, 20183
Pairs1972, 1976, 19803
Ice dance &
team event2010, 20183
Pairs1964, 19682
Pairs1928, 19322
Pairs1928, 19322
Men's singles1948, 19522
Men's singles
& team event20222
Pairs1992, 19982
Pairs1988, 19942
Pairs1988, 19942
Ice dance1994, 19982
Men's singles2014, 20182
Ice dance1994, 19982
Men's singles
& team event2006, 20142
Pairs1964, 19682
Men's singles1932, 19362
Pairs &
team event20142
Pairs &
team event20142
Women's singles1984, 19882
Pairs1976, 19802

Multiple medals by event

A woman and a man in figure skating blades stand on an outdoor ice rink posing for a shot. On the left, the woman has both hands in her waist, while the man has his right arm around her left arm.
Karl Schäfer]] won a combined five Olympic titles.

Men's singles

Male figure skater performing a jump
Karl Schäfer]] won two Olympic gold medals in the men's competition in the 1930s.
Male figure skater on the ice
Yuzuru Hanyu is one of only two skaters to win two gold medals in the men's competition after [[World War II]].
SkaterNationOlympics[[File:Gold medal icon (G initial).svg20pxlink=Gold medal – first placealt=A gold circle with a G in it.]][[File:Silver medal icon (S initial).svg20pxlink=Silver medal – second placealt=A silver circle with an S in it.]][[File:Bronze medal icon (B initial).svg20pxlink=Bronze medal – third placealt=A bronze circle with a B in it.]]Total
1920, 1924,
1928, 19323104
1932, 19362002
1948, 19522002
2014, 20182002
2002, 2006,
2010, 20141203
1956, 19601012
1988, 19921012
1924, 19280202
1984, 19880202
1994, 19980202
2018, 20220112
1968, 19720022
1994, 19980022

Women's singles

A young smiling woman wearing an embroidered hat and a jacket with furred collar and sleeve hems.
Norwegian [[Sonja Henie]] won three consecutive gold medals in the women's individual event (1928–1936).
A young smiling woman wearing a traditional Spanish flamenco dress and head gear, and executing the typical flamenco posture.
[[Katarina Witt]] from East Germany won the 1988 women's singles gold medal, becoming the second female figure skater in history to win back-to-back Olympic titles.
Female figure skater showing her gold medal
[[Yuna Kim]] of South Korea won the women's singles event in 2010 with world record scores in the short program, free skating, and combined total.
SkaterNationOlympics[[File:Gold medal icon (G initial).svg20pxlink=Gold medal – first placealt=A gold circle with a G in it.]][[File:Silver medal icon (S initial).svg20pxlink=Silver medal – second placealt=A silver circle with an S in it.]][[File:Bronze medal icon (B initial).svg20pxlink=Bronze medal – third placealt=A bronze circle with a B in it.]]Total
1928, 1932, 19363003
1984, 19882002
1952, 19561102
1956, 19601102
1960, 19641102
2010, 20141102
1948, 19521012
1928, 19320202
1924, 19280112
1992, 19940112
1998, 20020112
2002, 20060112
1994, 19980022

Pairs

SkaterNationOlympics[[File:Gold medal icon (G initial).svg20pxlink=Gold medal – first placealt=A gold circle with a G in it.]][[File:Silver medal icon (S initial).svg20pxlink=Silver medal – second placealt=A silver circle with an S in it.]][[File:Bronze medal icon (B initial).svg20pxlink=Bronze medal – third placealt=A bronze circle with a B in it.]]Total
1972, 1976, 19803003
1992, 1994, 19982103
1924, 1928, 19322013
1924, 1928, 19322013
1964, 19682002
1988, 19942002
1988, 19942002
1964, 19682002
1976, 19802002
1998, 20021102
2018, 20221102
1920, 19241102
1920, 19241102
1992, 19941102
1998, 20021102
2018, 20221102
2010, 2014, 20181023
2002, 2006, 20101023
2002, 2006, 20101023
1960, 19640202
1960, 19640202
1908, 19200112
1992, 19940022
1992, 19940022
1972, 19760022
1972, 19760022
1952, 19560022
1952, 19560022
1932, 19360022
2010, 20140022
1932, 19360022

Ice dance

SkaterNationOlympics[[File:Gold medal icon (G initial).svg20pxlink=Gold medal – first placealt=A gold circle with a G in it.]][[File:Silver medal icon (S initial).svg20pxlink=Silver medal – second placealt=A silver circle with an S in it.]][[File:Bronze medal icon (B initial).svg20pxlink=Bronze medal – third placealt=A bronze circle with a B in it.]]Total
2010, 2014, 20182103
1994, 19982002
1984, 19921113
1984, 19881102
2010, 20141102
2018, 20221102
1984, 19941012
1998, 20021012
1992, 19940112
ROC2014, 20220112

Multiple disciplines

Only three skaters have won Olympic medals in multiple figure skating disciplines. All other multi-event medalists won medals in their discipline plus the team event (which, while being a separate event, is not considered its own skating discipline).

In 1908, Madge Syers became the first skater to medal in multiple figure skating disciplines at a single Olympics. The only skater to match this feat was Ernst Baier in 1936. The only other skater to medal in multiple disciplines was Beatrix Loughran who did so at separate Olympics.

No skater has won gold medals in multiple disciplines.

SkaterNationEventsOlympics[[File:Gold medal icon (G initial).svg20pxlink=Gold medal – first placealt=A gold circle with a G in it.]][[File:Silver medal icon (S initial).svg20pxlink=Silver medal – second placealt=A silver circle with an S in it.]][[File:Bronze medal icon (B initial).svg20pxlink=Bronze medal – third placealt=A bronze circle with a B in it.]]Total
Men's singles19360102
Pairs100
Women's singles19081002
Pairs001
Women's singles1924, 19280113
Pairs1932010

Summer and Winter Olympics

Since figure skating was held during the Summer Olympic Games in 1908 and 1920 before being moved to the Winter Olympic, three skaters won medals in figure skating at both the Summer and Winter Games.

Men's singles skater Gillis Grafström's first gold medal was earned at the 1920 Summer Olympics. His other three medals were won at the 1924–1932 Winter Games. Pair skaters Ludowika Jakobsson and Walter Jakobsson also earned gold during the 1920 Summer Olympics. They later won medals at the 1924 Winter Games.

Medal totals by country

A male figure skater poses for a shot at an indoor ice rink; the background is very blurred.
[[Ulrich Salchow]] of Sweden, creator of the [[Salchow jump]], was the first Olympic champion in men's figure skating.
  • Countries that no longer participate are indicated in italics with a dagger ().

Men's singles

Women's singles

Pairs

Ice dance

Team event

References

General

Specific

References

  1. "London 1908 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  2. "Antwerp 1920 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  3. "Chamonix 1924 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  4. "St. Moritz 1928 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  5. "Lake Placid 1932 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  6. "Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  7. "St. Moritz 1948 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  8. "Oslo 1952 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  9. "Cortina d'Ampezzo 1956 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  10. "Squaw Valley 1960 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  11. "Innsbruck 1964 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  12. "Grenoble 1968 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  13. "Sapporo 1972 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  14. "Innsbruck 1976 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  15. "Lake Placid 1980 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  16. "Sarajevo 1984 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  17. "Calgary 1988 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  18. "Albertville 1992 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  19. "Lillehammer 1994 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  20. "Nagano 1998 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  21. "Salt Lake City 2002 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  22. "Turin 2006 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  23. "Vancouver 2010 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  24. "Sochi 2014 Figure Skating Individual Men Results".
  25. "Pyeonhchang 2018 Figure Skating Men's Single Skating Results".
  26. "Beijing 2022 Figure Skating Men Single Skating Results".
  27. Windhausen, John D.. (1976). "Russia's First Olympic Victor". North American Society for Sport History.
  28. "London 1908 Figure Skating Special Figures Men Results".
  29. "London 1908 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  30. "Antwerp 1920 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  31. "Chamonix 1924 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  32. "St. Moritz 1928 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  33. "Lake Placid 1932 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  34. "Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  35. "St. Moritz Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  36. "Oslo 1952 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  37. "Cortina D'Ampezzo 1956 Figure Skating Women Results".
  38. "Squaw Valley 1960 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  39. "Innsbruck 1964 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  40. "Grenoble 1968 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  41. "Sapporo 1972 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  42. "Innsbruck 1976 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  43. "Lake Placid 1980 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  44. "Sarajevo 1984 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  45. "Calgary 1988 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  46. "Albertville 1992 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  47. "Lillehammer 1994 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  48. "Nagano 1998 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  49. "Salt Lake City 2002 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  50. "Turin 2006 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  51. "Vancouver 2010 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  52. "Sochi 2014 Figure Skating Individual Women Results".
  53. "Pyeongchang 2018 Figure Skating Ladies' Single Skating Results".
  54. "Beijing 2022 Figure Skating Women Single Skating Results".
  55. (November 25, 2014). "Fifty years later, Joseph siblings find redemption". IceNetwork.com.
  56. Hersh, Philip. (November 25, 2014). "A Half-Century Later, Joseph Siblings Recognized as Olympic Medal-Winners". [[Chicago Tribune]].
  57. (February 15, 2002). "IOC Awards Gold to Canadian Pair". [[MSNBC]].
  58. Roberts, Selena. (February 15, 2002). "OLYMPICS: FIGURE SKATING; Both Sides Pressured Judge, French Skating Official Says". The New York Times.
  59. Mackay, Duncan. (May 1, 2002). "French Officials Banned over Gold Scandal". The Guardian.
  60. "London 1908 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  61. "Antwerp 1920 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  62. "Chamonix 1924 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  63. "St. Moritz 1928 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  64. "Lake Placid 1932 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  65. "Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  66. "St. Moritz 1948 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  67. "Oslo 1952 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  68. "Cortina D'Ampezzo 1956 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  69. "Squaw Valley 1960 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  70. "Innsbruck 1964 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  71. "Grenoble 1968 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  72. "Sapporo 1972 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  73. "Innsbruck 1976 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  74. "Lake Placid 1980 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  75. "Sarajevo 1984 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  76. "Calgary 1988 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  77. "Albertville 1992 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  78. "Lillehammer 1994 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  79. "Nagano 1998 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  80. "Salt Lake City 2002 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  81. "Turin 2006 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  82. "Vancouver 2010 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  83. "Sochi 2014 Figure Skating Pairs Mixed Results".
  84. "Pyeongchang 2018 Figure Skating Pair Skating Results".
  85. "Beijing 2022 Figure Skating Pair Skating Results".
  86. "Innsbruck 1976 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  87. "Lake Placid 1980 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  88. "Sarajevo 1984 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  89. "Calgary 1988 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  90. "Albertville 1992 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  91. "Lillehammer 1994 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  92. "Nagano 1998 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  93. "Salt Lake City 2002 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  94. "Turin 2006 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  95. "Vancouver 2010 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  96. "Sochi 2014 Figure Skating Ice Dancing Mixed Results".
  97. "Pyeongchang 2018 Figure Skating Ice Dance Results".
  98. "Beijing 2022 Figure Skating Ice Dance Results".
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