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List of National League pennant winners
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The National League pennant winner of a given Major League Baseball season is the team that wins the championship—the pennant—of MLB's National League (NL). This team receives the Warren C. Giles Trophy and the right to play in the World Series against the champion of the American League (AL). The current NL pennant winners are the Los Angeles Dodgers, who beat out the Milwaukee Brewers to win the NL pennant in October 2025.
The trophy is named for Warren Giles, the league president from 1951 to 1969, and is presented immediately after each NL Championship Series (NLCS) by Warren's son Bill Giles, the honorary league president and former owner of the Philadelphia Phillies.
From 1876 through 1968, the pennant was awarded to the team with the best regular-season record. Beginning in 1969, the league was divided into East and West divisions, with the champions of each playing for the pennant in the League Championship Series (NLCS). Since 1995, there have been three divisions and a two-round playoff bracket which begins with two Division Series (NLDS).
The pennant has been awarded every year since 1876, except for 1994, when a players' strike forced the cancellation of the postseason. Until 1969, the pennant was presented to the team with the best win–loss record at the end of the season. In 1969, the league split into two divisions, and the teams with the best records in each division played one another in the NLCS to determine the pennant winner. The format of the NLCS was changed from a best-of-five to a best-of-seven format for the 1985 postseason. In 1995, an additional playoff series was added when MLB restructured the two divisions in each league into three. , the winners of the Eastern, Central, and Western Divisions, as well as one wild card team, play in the NL Division Series, a best-of-five playoff to determine the opponents who will play for the pennant.
By pennants, the Los Angeles Dodgers (formerly the Brooklyn Dodgers; 26 pennants, 39 playoff appearances) are the winningest team in NL history. The San Francisco Giants (formerly the New York Giants; 23 pennants, 27 playoff appearances) are in second place, with the St. Louis Cardinals (19 pennants and 28 playoff appearances), in third place, followed by the Atlanta Braves (18 pennants and 23 postseason appearances between their three home cities of Atlanta, Milwaukee, and Boston) in fourth place and the Chicago Cubs (17 pennants and 20 playoff appearances as the Cubs and White Stockings) in fifth. The Philadelphia Phillies were NL champions in back-to-back seasons in 2008 and 2009, becoming the first NL team to do so since the Braves in 1995 and 1996. The Dodgers were also league champions in back-to-back seasons in 2017 and 2018. The modern World Series began in 1903, when the National League recognized the upstart American League, founded in 1901. There was an earlier "World's Championship Series" played between the pennant winners of the NL and the American Association 1884–1890; from 1894 to 1897 the NL's first- and second-place teams played a postseason series for the Temple Cup, which was considered to be the league championship. As of 2021, the Dodgers have the most modern-era World Series appearances at 21, followed by the San Francisco Giants with 20.
The team with the best record to win the NL pennant was the 1906 Cubs, who won 116 of 152 games during that season and finished 20 games ahead of the New York Giants. The best record by a pennant winner in the Championship Series era is 108–54, which was achieved by the Cincinnati Reds in 1975 and the New York Mets in 1986; both of these teams went on to win the World Series.
NL champions have gone on to win the World Series 53 times, most recently in 2025. Pennant winners have also won the Temple Cup and the Chronicle-Telegraph Cup, two pre-World Series league championships, although second-place teams won three of the four Temple Cup meetings. The largest margin of victory for a pennant winner, before the league split into two divisions in 1969, is games; the Pittsburgh Pirates led the Brooklyn Superbas (now the Dodgers) by that margin on the final day of the 1902 season.
The only currently existing National League franchise to have never won an NL pennant are the Milwaukee Brewers; however, they did win a pennant during their time in the American League.
Key
| † | Wild card team (1995–present) |
|---|
Single table era (1876–1968)


League Championship Series era (1969–present)

Notes
- A mid-season labor stoppage split the season into two halves. The winner of the first half played the winner of the second half in each division in the 1981 National League Division Series. The winners played in the 1981 NLCS for the National League pennant.
- The leagues were re-aligned in 1994 to three divisions and a wild card was added to the playoffs, but the labor stoppage cancelled the postseason. Wild cards were first used in the 1995 playoffs.
NL pennants won by franchise


:Italics represent a franchise that is defunct in Major League Baseball as of the 2023 season.
| Team | Pennants won | Postseason appearances | Ref | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Los Angeles Dodgers | 26 | 39 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/LAD/ | title=Los Angeles Dodgers Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=October 8, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223063011/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/LAD/ | archive-date=February 23, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
| San Francisco Giants | 23 | 27 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/SFG/ | title=San Francisco Giants Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=March 3, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406113048/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/SFG/ | archive-date=April 6, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
| St. Louis Cardinals | 19 | 32 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/STL | title=St. Louis Cardinals Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=October 8, 2014 | archive-date=October 8, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008180721/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/STL/ | url-status=live}} |
| Atlanta Braves | 18 | 30 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/ATL/ | title=Atlanta Braves Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=October 8, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303113109/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/ATL/ | archive-date=March 3, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
| Chicago Cubs | 17 | 21 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/CHC/ | title=Chicago Cubs Team History & Encyclopedia | work=baseball-reference.com | access-date=October 24, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406112908/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/CHC/ | archive-date=April 6, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 9 | 17 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PIT/ | title=Pittsburgh Pirates Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=October 8, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406112855/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PIT/ | archive-date=April 6, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
| Cincinnati Reds | 9 | 16 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/CIN/ | title=Cincinnati Reds Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=October 8, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406112842/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/CIN/ | archive-date=April 6, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
| Philadelphia Phillies | 8 | 17 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/ | title=Philadelphia Phillies Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=October 8, 2014 | archive-date=February 1, 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201085543/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHI/ | url-status=live}} |
| New York Mets | 5 | 11 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/NYM/ | title=New York Mets Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=January 25, 2010 | archive-date=May 20, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520235450/https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/NYM/ | url-status=live}} |
| Baltimore Orioles (NL) | 3 | – | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/BLO/ | title=Baltimore Orioles (NL) Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=January 25, 2010}} | |||
| San Diego Padres | 2 | 8 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/SDP/ | title=San Diego Padres Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=January 25, 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406113011/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/SDP/ | archive-date=April 6, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
| Arizona Diamondbacks | 2 | 7 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/ARI/ | title=Arizona Diamondbacks Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=January 25, 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406113036/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/ARI/ | archive-date=April 6, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
| Miami Marlins | 2 | 4 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/FLA/ | title=Florida Marlins Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=January 25, 2010 | archive-date=May 6, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506144946/https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/FLA/ | url-status=live}} |
| Providence Grays | 2 | – | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PRO/ | title=Providence Grays Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=January 25, 2010 | archive-date=September 8, 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100908074817/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PRO/ | url-status=live}} |
| Houston Astros | 1 | 9 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/HOU/ | title=Houston Astros Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=January 25, 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406112934/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/HOU/ | archive-date=April 6, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
| Washington Nationals | 1 | 6 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/WSN/ | title=Washington Nationals Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=October 8, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222032439/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/WSN/ | archive-date=February 22, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
| Colorado Rockies | 1 | 5 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/COL/ | title=Colorado Rockies Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=January 25, 2010 | archive-date=October 28, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028200149/https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/COL/ | url-status=live}} |
| Detroit Wolverines | 1 | – | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/DTN/ | title=Detroit Wolverines Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=January 25, 2010 | archive-date=July 31, 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100731010432/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/DTN/ | url-status=live}} |
| Milwaukee Brewers | 0 | 8 | url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/MIL/ | title=Milwaukee Brewers Team History & Encyclopedia | work=Baseball-Reference.com | access-date=October 8, 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221055724/http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/MIL/ | archive-date=February 21, 2011 | url-status=live}} |
Notes
- Previously known as Brooklyn Dodgers, Brooklyn Robins, Brooklyn Superbas, Brooklyn Bridegrooms, Brooklyn Grooms, Brooklyn Grays and Brooklyn Atlantics. Does not include American Association pennant won in 1889
- Previously known as New York Giants and New York Gothams
- Previously known as St. Louis Perfectos, St. Louis Browns, and St. Louis Brown Stockings. Does not include four American Association pennants won in 1885–1888
- Previously known as Milwaukee Braves, Boston Braves, Boston Bees, Boston Rustlers, Boston Doves, Boston Beaneaters and Boston Red Caps
- Previously known as Chicago Orphans, Chicago Colts and Chicago White Stockings
- Previously known as Pittsburgh Alleghenys
- Previously known as Cincinnati Redlegs and Cincinnati Red Stockings. Does not include American Association pennant won in 1882
- Previously known as Philadelphia Quakers and unofficially as Philadelphia Blue Jays
- The 19th-century Baltimore Orioles who played in the National League are no longer in existence; two current American League franchises later used the Orioles name (New York Yankees and Baltimore Orioles).
- Previously known as Houston Colt .45s. Does not include four American League pennants.
- Previously known as Montreal Expos. In 1994, the Expos led the National League East and had the best win–loss record in the league when the season was cut short by a labor dispute.
- The Brewers were members of the American League through the 1997 season after which they switched to the National League. This table records only the Brewers' National League accomplishments. They won the American League pennant in 1982.
References
General
Inline citations
References
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- Nightengale, Bob. (October 27, 2009). "Phillies hoping for a rare back-to-back Series title". USA Today.
- "1906 Chicago Cubs Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1906 New York Giants Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1975 Cincinnati Reds Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1986 New York Mets Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics". Baseball-Reference.com.
- Knowles, Richard George. (1896). "Baseball". George Routledge and Sons.
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- (January 1981). ["National League"](https://books.google.com/books?id=9jMDAAAAMBAJ&q=national+league+pennant+pirates+1902&pg=PA14}}{{dead link). Lakeside.
- "World Series Club History". Baseball Almanac.
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- "1876 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1877 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1878 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1879 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1880 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1881 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1882 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1883 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1884 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1885 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1886 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1887 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1888 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1889 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1890 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1891 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1892 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1893 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1894 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1895 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1896 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1897 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1898 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1899 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1900 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1901 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1902 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1903 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1904 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1905 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1906 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1907 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1908 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1909 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1910 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1911 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1912 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1913 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1914 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1915 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1916 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1917 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1918 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1919 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1920 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1921 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1922 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1923 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1924 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1925 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1926 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1927 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1928 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1929 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1930 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1931 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1932 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1933 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1934 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1935 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1936 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1937 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1938 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1939 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1940 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1941 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1942 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1943 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1944 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1945 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1946 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1947 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1948 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1949 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1950 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1951 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1952 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1953 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1954 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1955 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1956 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1957 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1958 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1959 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1960 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1961 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1962 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1963 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1964 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1965 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1966 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1967 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1968 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1969 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1970 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1971 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1972 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1973 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1974 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1975 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1976 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1977 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1978 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1979 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1980 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1981 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1982 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1983 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1984 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1985 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1986 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1987 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1988 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1989 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1990 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1991 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1992 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1993 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1994 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1995 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1996 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1997 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1998 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "1999 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2000 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2001 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2002 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2003 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2004 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2005 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2006 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2007 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2008 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2009 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2010 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2011 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2012 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2013 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2014 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2015 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2016 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2017 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2018 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2019 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2020 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2021 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2022 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2023 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2024 National League Team Statistics and Standings". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "2025 National League Team Statistics".
- "Los Angeles Dodgers Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "San Francisco Giants Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "St. Louis Cardinals Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Atlanta Braves Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Chicago Cubs Team History & Encyclopedia". baseball-reference.com.
- "Pittsburgh Pirates Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Cincinnati Reds Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Philadelphia Phillies Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "New York Mets Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Baltimore Orioles (NL) Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "San Diego Padres Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Arizona Diamondbacks Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Florida Marlins Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Providence Grays Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Houston Astros Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Washington Nationals Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Colorado Rockies Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Detroit Wolverines Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
- "Milwaukee Brewers Team History & Encyclopedia". Baseball-Reference.com.
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- (November 6, 1997). "Brewers switch leagues, join Reds in NL Central". The Kentucky Post.
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