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List of governors of Texas

None

Summary

None

The governor of Texas is the chief executive officer of the U.S. state of Texas and the commander in chief of the state’s military forces. The incumbent, Greg Abbott, is the forty-eighth governor to serve in the office since Texas' statehood in 1845.

When compared to those of other states, the governorship of Texas has been described as one of relative weakness. In some respects, it is the lieutenant governor of Texas, who presides over the Texas Senate, who possesses greater influence to exercise their prerogatives.

Rick Perry is the longest-serving governor, having assumed the governorship in 2000 upon the exit of George W. Bush, who resigned to take office as the 43rd president of the United States. Perry was elected in 2002 and he was re-elected in 2006 and 2010 serving for 14 years before choosing to retire in 2014.

Allan Shivers assumed the governorship upon the death of Beauford Jester in July 1949 and was elected in 1950 and re-elected in 1952 and 1954, serving for years, making him the third longest serving governor before choosing to retire in 1956. Price Daniel was elected to the governorship in 1956 and re-elected in 1958 and 1960 before losing his re-election for an unprecedented fourth term in the 1962 Democratic primary, missing the runoff. John Connally was elected in 1962 and re-elected in 1964 and 1966 before choosing to retire in 1968, leaving office on January 21, 1969. Bill Clements served two non-consecutive four-year terms, having been elected in 1978 but lost re-election in 1982 before winning re-election in 1986, choosing to retire in 1990, previously held the record as the second longest-serving governor: both of Shivers and Clements' records were surpassed by Perry.

Current governor Greg Abbott was elected in 2014 and re-elected in 2018 and again in 2022. He is the second longest-serving governor and on track to serve 12 years by January 19, 2027. He is currently seeking re-election to an unprecedented fourth term in 2026, which if completed, by January 21, 2031, will make him the state's longest-serving governor, surpassing Perry's 14 years.

Governors

Texas was annexed by the United States and admitted to the Union on December 29, 1845.

The governor is inaugurated on the third Tuesday of January every four years along with the lieutenant governor, and serves a term of four years. Prior to the present laws, in 1845, the state's first constitution established the office of governor, serving a term of two years, but no more than four years of every six. The 1861 constitution, following secession from the Union, established the first Monday of November following election as the term's start. Following the end of the American Civil War, the 1866 constitution increased term length to four years, limiting overall service to no more than eight years of every twelve, moving the term's start to the first Thursday following organization of the legislature, or "as soon thereafter as practicable." The constitution of 1869, enacted during Reconstruction, removed term limitations, to this day making Texas one of sixteen states, territory or jurisdiction (including the U.S. Territory Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia with no limit on gubernatorial terms. The present constitution of 1876 returned terms to two years, but a 1972 amendment again returned them to four.

In the case of a vacancy in the office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor. Prior to a 1999 amendment, the lieutenant governor only acted as governor until the expiration of the term to which he succeeded. The governor and the lieutenant governor are not officially elected on the same ticket.

No.GovernorTerm in officePartyElectionLt. Governor12345678910111213—1415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748
[[File:James Pinckney Henderson-p.jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"J. Pinckney Henderson
(1808–1858)
–
December 21, 1847
(did not run)Democratic1845Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:George wood.jpg75px]]George Tyler Wood
(1795–1858)
–
December 21, 1849
(lost election)Democratic1847
[[File:Peter bell.jpg75px]]Peter Hansborough Bell
(1810–1898)
–
November 23, 1853
(resigned)Democratic1849
1851
[[File:James w henderson.jpg75px]]James W. Henderson
(1817–1880)
–
December 21, 1853
(successor took office)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governorVacant
[[File:Elisha pease.jpg75px]]Elisha M. Pease
(1812–1883)
–
December 21, 1857
(term-limited)Democratic1853Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1855
[[File:Hardin runnels.jpg75px]]Hardin Richard Runnels
(1820–1873)
–
December 21, 1859
(lost election)Democratic1857
[[File:Hon. Sam Houston, Texas - NARA - 527675-crop.png75px]]Independent (United States)}};"Sam Houston
(1793–1863)
–
March 16, 1861
(removed)Independent1859
[[File:Edward clark.jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Edward Clark
(1815–1880)
–
November 7, 1861
(lost election)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governorVacant
[[File:Francis lubbock.jpg75px]]Francis Lubbock
(1815–1905)
–
November 5, 1863
(did not run)Democratic1861Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Pendleton murrah.jpg75px]]Pendleton Murrah
(d. 1865)
–
June 17, 1865
(office vacated)Democratic1863
[[File:Andrew Jackson Hamilton.jpg75px]]Nonpartisan politician}};"Andrew Jackson Hamilton
(1815–1875)
–
August 9, 1866
(successor took office)Military governor
appointed by PresidentVacant
[[File:James W. Throckmorton - Brady-Handy.jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"James W. Throckmorton
(1825–1894)
–
July 30, 1867
(removed)Democratic1866Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Elisha pease.jpg75px]]Nonpartisan politician}};"Elisha M. Pease
(1812–1883)
–
September 30, 1869
(resigned)Installed by
military occupationVacant
Vacant
*
–
January 8, 1870*Office vacated
after resignation
[[File:Edmund Davis.jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"Edmund J. Davis
(1827–1883)
–
January 15, 1874
(lost election)Republican1869
[[File:Richard Coke - Brady-Handy (cropped).jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Richard Coke
(1829–1897)
–
December 1, 1876
(resigned)Democratic1873Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1876
[[File:Richard hubbard.jpg75px]]Richard B. Hubbard
(1832–1901)
–
January 21, 1879
(did not run)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governorVacant
[[File:Oran roberts.jpg75px]]Oran Milo Roberts
(1815–1898)
–
January 16, 1883
(did not run)Democratic1878Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1880
[[File:John ireland.jpg75px]]John Ireland
(1827–1896)
–
January 18, 1887
(did not run)Democratic1882
1884
[[File:Lawrence Sullivan "Sul" Ross.jpg75px]]Lawrence Sullivan Ross
(1838–1898)
–
January 20, 1891
(did not run)Democratic1886
1888
[[File:Jim hogg.jpg75px]]Jim Hogg
(1851–1906)
–
January 15, 1895
(did not run)Democratic1890
1892
[[File:Charles Allen Culberson.jpg75px]]Charles A. Culberson
(1855–1925)
–
January 17, 1899
(did not run)Democratic1894
1896
[[File:Joseph D. Sayers (cropped).jpg75px]]Joseph D. Sayers
(1841–1929)
–
January 20, 1903
(did not run)Democratic1898
1900
[[File:Swtlanham.jpg75px]]S. W. T. Lanham
(1846–1908)
–
January 15, 1907
(did not run)Democratic1902
1904
[[File:T.M. Campbell, Governor, Bain portrait bust.jpg75px]]Thomas Mitchell Campbell
(1856–1923)
–
January 17, 1911
(did not run)Democratic1906
1908
[[File:Oscar Branch Colquitt.jpg75px]]Oscar Branch Colquitt
(1861–1940)
–
January 19, 1915
(did not run)Democratic1910
1912
[[File:James E. Ferguson.jpg75px]]James E. Ferguson
(1871–1944)
–
September 22, 1917
(impeached and removed)Democratic1914
1916
[[File:William hobby.jpg75px]]William P. Hobby
(1878–1964)
–
January 18, 1921
(did not run)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governorVacant
1918Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:PatMNeff.jpg75px]]Pat Morris Neff
(1871–1952)
–
January 20, 1925
(did not run)Democratic1920
1922
[[File:Miriam A. Ferguson.jpg75px]]Miriam A. Ferguson
(1875–1961)
–
January 18, 1927
(lost nomination)Democratic1924
[[File:DanMoody.jpg75px]]Dan Moody
(1893–1966)
–
January 20, 1931
(did not run)Democratic1926
1928
[[File:Ross Sterling.png75px]]Ross S. Sterling
(1875–1949)
–
January 17, 1933
(lost nomination)Democratic1930
[[File:Miriam A. Ferguson.jpg75px]]Miriam A. Ferguson
(1875–1961)
–
January 15, 1935
(did not run)Democratic1932
[[File:James Allred.png75px]]James Burr V Allred
(1899–1959)
–
January 17, 1939
(did not run)Democratic1934
1936
[[File:W. Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel, 1939 (cropped) (3x4).jpg75px]]W. Lee O'Daniel
(1890–1969)
–
August 4, 1941
(resigned)Democratic1938
1940
[[File:Coke R. Stevenson.jpg75px]]Coke R. Stevenson
(1888–1975)
–
January 21, 1947
(did not run)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governorVacant
1942Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1944
[[File:Beauford H. Jester.jpg75px]]Beauford H. Jester
(1893–1949)
–
July 11, 1949
(died in office)Democratic1946
1948
[[File:Allan Shivers.jpg75px]]Allan Shivers
(1907–1985)
–
January 15, 1957
(did not run)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governorVacant
1950Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1952
1954
[[File:Price Daniel (TX).png75px]]Price Daniel
(1910–1988)
–
January 15, 1963
(lost nomination)Democratic1956
1958
1960
Vacant
[[File:John Connally (cropped).jpg75px]]John Connally
(1917–1993)
–
January 21, 1969
(did not run)Democratic1962Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1964
1966
[[File:Smith-p01-1.jpg75px]]Preston Smith
(1912–2003)
–
January 16, 1973
(lost nomination)Democratic1968
1970
[[File:Dolph Briscoe, 1976.jpg75px]]Dolph Briscoe
(1923–2010)
–
January 16, 1979
(lost nomination)Democratic1972
1974
[[File:Bill Clements 1st term portrait.jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"Bill Clements
(1917–2011)
–
January 18, 1983
(lost election)Republican1978
[[File:Mark White Portrait.jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Mark White
(1940–2017)
–
January 20, 1987
(lost election)Democratic1982
[[File:Bill Clements 2nd term portrait.jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"Bill Clements
(1917–2011)
–
January 15, 1991
(did not run)Republican1986
[[File:Ann Richards, Governor of Texas.jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Ann Richards
(1933–2006)
–
January 17, 1995
(lost election)Democratic1990
[[File:George Bush 45 (49492156502).jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"George W. Bush
(b. 1946)
–
December 21, 2000
(resigned)Republican1994
1998Republican Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Rick Perry by Gage Skidmore 3 (cropped).jpg75px]]Rick Perry
(b. 1950)
–
January 20, 2015
(did not run)RepublicanSucceeded from
lieutenant
governor
2002
2006
2010
[[File:Greg Abbott 2024 (cropped).jpg75px]]Greg Abbott
(b. 1957)
–
IncumbentRepublican2014
2018
2022

Notes

References

;General

;Specific

References

  1. Suellentrop, Chip. (2000-01-05). "Is George W. Bush a "Weak" Governor?". Slate Magazine - Explainer.
  2. Ivins, Molly. (2000). "Shrub: The Short But Happy Political Life of George W. Bush". Vintage Books.
  3. {{usstat. 9. 108
  4. 1845 Const. Art V sec 4
  5. 1861 Const. art V sec 12
  6. 1866 Const. art V sec 4
  7. 1869 Const. Art IV sec 4
  8. [http://www.nga.org/files/pdf/BOS4-9.pdf Executive Branch] {{webarchive. link. (2011-06-29 retrieved 23-October-2008)
  9. TX Const. Art IV sec 4
  10. [http://texaspolitics.laits.utexas.edu/1_3_1.html Texas Politics - The Executive Branch] {{webarchive. link. (2009-02-11 . Texaspolitics.laits.utexas.edu. Retrieved on 2013-07-15.)
  11. TX Const. art IV sec 16 graf d
  12. Under the 1861 constitution, law provided that the lieutenant governor would be "styled Governor of those state of Republicans" in case of vacancy.
  13. 1861 Const art V sec 12
  14. "James Pinckney Henderson". [[National Governors Association]].
  15. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1st general assembly, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsSenate1.cfm 15], accessed July 9, 2023
  16. "George T. Wood". [[National Governors Association]].
  17. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the Senate''. 2nd Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsSenate2.cfm 40], accessed July 9, 2023
  18. "Peter Hansborough Bell". [[National Governors Association]].
  19. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the Senate''. 3rd Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsSenate3.cfm 273], accessed July 9, 2023
  20. (1853-08-18). "Later from Texas". The Times-Picayune.
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  25. "1845 Texas Const. art. V, § 4".
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  28. "Samuel Houston". [[National Governors Association]].
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  30. "Edward Clark". [[National Governors Association]].
  31. (1861-03-30). "Houston removed March 16".
  32. "Francis Richard Lubbock". [[National Governors Association]].
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  34. "Pendleton Murrah". [[National Governors Association]].
  35. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the Senate''. 10th Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsSenate10.cfm 47], accessed July 9, 2023
  36. "Fletcher Summerfield Stockdale". [[National Governors Association]].
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  41. [https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/202228 Andrew Johnson, Proclamation 139—Reorganizing a Constitutional Government in Texas] Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project, accessed July 9, 2023
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  53. "John Ireland". [[National Governors Association]].
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  55. "Lawrence Sullivan Ross". [[National Governors Association]].
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  57. "James Stephen Hogg". [[National Governors Association]].
  58. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the House of Representatives''. 22nd Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsHouse22.cfm 6], accessed July 9, 2023
  59. "Charles Allen Culberson". [[National Governors Association]].
  60. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the House of Representatives''. 24th Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsHouse24.cfm 44], accessed July 9, 2023
  61. "Joseph Draper Sayers". [[National Governors Association]].
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  63. "Samuel Willis Tucker Lanham". [[National Governors Association]].
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  65. "Thomas Mitchell Campbell". [[National Governors Association]].
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  67. "Oscar Branch Colquitt". [[National Governors Association]].
  68. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the House of Representatives''. 32nd Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsHouse32.cfm 137], accessed July 9, 2023
  69. "James Edward Ferguson". [[National Governors Association]].
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  71. (1917-09-22). "Ferguson Had Opportunity to Resign but He Declined". The Houston Post.
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  74. (1917-09-23). "Governor Is Impeached by Vote of 27–4". El Paso Times.
  75. "Pat Morris Neff". [[National Governors Association]].
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  77. "Miriam Amanda Ferguson". [[National Governors Association]].
  78. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the House of Representatives''. 39th Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsHouse39.cfm 98], accessed July 9, 2023
  79. "Daniel J. Moody". [[National Governors Association]].
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  84. "James V. Allred". [[National Governors Association]].
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  86. "Wilbert Lee O'Daniel". [[National Governors Association]].
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  89. (1941-08-04). "Stevenson Is New Governor of Texas". Big Spring Daily Herald.
  90. "Beauford Halbert Jester". [[National Governors Association]].
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  93. (1949-07-11). "Gov. Jester Found Dead in Pullman Berth at Houston". Fort Worth Star-Telegram.
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  96. "John Bowden Connally". [[National Governors Association]].
  97. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the House of Representatives''. 58th Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsHouse58.cfm 56], accessed July 9, 2023
  98. "Preston Smith". [[National Governors Association]].
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  100. "Dolph Briscoe". [[National Governors Association]].
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  102. "William P. Clements". [[National Governors Association]].
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  104. "Mark White". [[National Governors Association]].
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  107. "Dorothy Ann Willis Richards". [[National Governors Association]].
  108. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the House of Representatives''. 72nd Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsHouse72.cfm 139], accessed July 9, 2023
  109. "George W. Bush". [[National Governors Association]].
  110. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the House of Representatives''. 74th Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsHouse74.cfm 35], accessed July 9, 2023
  111. "Rick Perry". [[National Governors Association]].
  112. Susswein, Gary. (2000-12-22). "Perry Promises a Prosperous Future for Texas". Austin American-Statesman.
  113. "Greg Abbott". [[National Governors Association]].
  114. Texas Legislature. ''Journal of the House of Representatives''. 84th Legislature, [https://lrl.texas.gov/collections/journals/journalsHouse84.cfm 182], accessed July 9, 2023
  115. Svitek, Patrick. (2023-01-17). "Gov. Greg Abbott says in inauguration speech Legislature will prioritize budget surplus, schools and power grid". The Texas Tribune.
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