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List of governors of New York

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The governor of New York is the head of government of the U.S. state of New York, the head of the executive branch of New York's state government, and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The officeholder has a duty to enforce state laws, to convene the New York State Legislature, the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the legislature, as well as to grant pardons, except in cases of treason and impeachment.

Fifty-seven people have served as state governor, four of whom served non-consecutive terms (George Clinton, DeWitt Clinton, Horatio Seymour, and Al Smith); the official numbering lists each governor only once. There has only been one female governor so far: Kathy Hochul. This numbering includes one acting governor: the lieutenant governor who filled the vacancy after the resignation of the governor, under the 1777 Constitution. The list does not include the prior colonial governors nor those who have acted as governor when the governor was out of state, such as Lieutenant Governor Timothy L. Woodruff during Theodore Roosevelt's vice presidential campaign in 1900, or Acting Speaker of the New York State Assembly Moses M. Weinstein, who acted as governor for 10 days in 1968 while the governor, the lieutenant governor and the senate majority leader were out of the state, attending the Republican National Convention in Miami.

Four men have become president of the United States after serving as governor of New York: Martin Van Buren, Grover Cleveland, Theodore Roosevelt, and Franklin D. Roosevelt, and six were vice president. Van Buren and Theodore Roosevelt held both offices. Numerous Governors have also sought the Presidency, and won their party's respective nomination, but lost the general election, such as Al Smith, Samuel J. Tilden, Horatio Seymour, Thomas E. Dewey, and Charles Evans Hughes. Two governors have been chief justice: John Jay held that position when he was elected governor in 1795, and Charles Evans Hughes became chief justice in 1930, two decades after leaving the governorship.

The longest-serving governor was the first, George Clinton, who first took office on July 30, 1777, and served seven terms in two different periods, totaling just under 21 years in office. As 18 of those years were consecutive, Clinton also served the longest consecutive period in office for a New York governor. Charles Poletti had the shortest term, serving 29 days following the resignation of the previous governor, Herbert H. Lehman in 1942. Lehman was the state's first Jewish governor; David Paterson was the first African American governor of New York, and the first legally blind governor as well. Paterson is only the fourth African American to hold the office of governor in the United States. The current governor is Democrat Kathy Hochul, the state's first female governor, who assumed the office on August 24, 2021, upon the resignation of Andrew Cuomo. Hochul went on to be elected as governor for a full term, after beating Republican Lee Zeldin in the 2022 election.

Governors

New York was one of the original Thirteen Colonies on the east coast of North America, and was admitted as a state on July 26, 1788. Prior to declaring its independence, New York was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain, which it in turn obtained from the Dutch as the colony of New Netherland; see the list of colonial governors and the list of directors-general of New Netherland for the pre-statehood period.

The office of the governor was established by the first New York Constitution in 1777. The governor originally served for a term of three years, though the constitution did not specify when the term began. A 1787 law set the start of the term at July 1. The New York State Constitutional Convention of 1821 amended the state constitution, reducing the term of office to two years, moving the election to November, and moving the beginning and the end of the term to coincide with the calendar year. An 1874 amendment extended the term of office back to three years, but the 1894 constitution again reduced it to two years. The most recent New York Constitution of 1938 extended the term to the current four years. There is no limit to the number of consecutive terms a governor may serve.

The Constitution has provided since 1777 for the election of a lieutenant governor of New York, who is ex officio President of the Senate, to the same term (keeping the same term lengths as the governor throughout all the constitutional revisions). Originally, in the event of the death, resignation or impeachment of the governor, the lieutenant governor would become acting governor until the end of the yearly legislative term, the office being filled in a special election, if there was a remainder of the term. Since the 1821 Constitution, the lieutenant governor explicitly becomes governor upon such vacancy in the office and serves for the entire remainder of the term. Should the office of lieutenant governor become vacant, the president pro tempore of the State Senate performs all the duties of the lieutenant governor until the vacancy is filled either at the next gubernatorial election or by appointment. Likewise, should both offices become vacant at the same time, the president pro tempore acts as governor, with the office of lieutenant governor remaining vacant. Should the presidency pro tempore be vacant too, or the incumbent unable to fulfill the duties, the Speaker of the State Assembly is next in the line of succession. The lieutenant governor is elected on the same ticket as the governor, since the 1954 election with a single joint vote cast for both offices, but is nominated separately.

No.PortraitGovernorTerm in officePartyElectionLt. Governor121345676891011121314151617181920211822232425262728293031323334353637383940414243424445464748495051525354555657
[[File:George Clinton by Ezra Ames (3x4 cropped).jpg75px]]Nonpartisan politician}};"George Clinton
(1739–1812)
–
July 1, 1795
(did not run)No parties1777Democratic-Republican Party}};"
1780
1783
1786
1789
Anti-Administration Party (US)}}"Anti-Federalist1792
[[File:John Jay (cropped).jpg75px]]Federalist Party}}"John Jay
(1745–1829)
–
July 1, 1801
(did not run)Federalist1795Federalist Party}}"
1798
[[File:George Clinton by Ezra Ames (3x4 cropped).jpg75px]]Democratic-Republican Party}};"George Clinton
(1739–1812)
–
July 1, 1804
(did not run)Democratic–
Republican1801Democratic-Republican Party}};"
[[File:Morgan Lewis (cropped).png75px]]Morgan Lewis
(1754–1844)
–
July 1, 1807
(lost election)Democratic–
Republican1804
(died August 8, 1810)
[[File:Daniel D Tompkins by John Wesley Jarvis (3x4 cropped).jpg75px]]Daniel D. Tompkins
(1774–1825)
–
February 24, 1817
(resigned)Democratic–
Republican1807
1810
Vacant
Democratic-Republican Party}};"
(acting from January 29, 1811)
(elected May 2, 1811)
1813
1816
[[File:John Tayler, governor of New York (portrait by Ezra Ames) (3x4 cropped).png75px]]John Tayler
(1742–1829)
–
July 1, 1817
(successor took office)Democratic–
RepublicanLieutenant
governor
acting
(acting)
[[File:DeWitt Clinton by Rembrandt Peale cropped.jpg75px]]DeWitt Clinton
(1769–1828)
–
January 1, 1823
(did not run)Democratic–
Republican1817
1820
[[File:Gov. Joseph Christopher Yates (Cropped).jpg75px]]Joseph C. Yates
(1768–1837)
–
January 1, 1825
(did not run)Democratic–
Republican1822
[[File:DeWitt Clinton by Rembrandt Peale cropped.jpg75px]]DeWitt Clinton
(1769–1828)
–
February 11, 1828
(died in office)Democratic–
Republican1824
1826
[[File:No image.svg75px]]Nathaniel Pitcher
(1777–1836)
–
January 1, 1829
(did not run)Democratic–
RepublicanSucceeded from
lieutenant
governor
(acting)
(acting from October 17, 1828)
[[File:Francis Alexander - Martin Van Buren - Google Art Project (3x4 cropped).jpg75px]]Martin Van Buren
(1782–1862)
–
March 12, 1829
(resigned)Democratic–
Republican1828Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Governor Enos Throop (cropped).png75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Enos T. Throop
(1784–1874)
–
January 1, 1833
(did not run)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governor
(acting)
(acting)
1830
[[File:Governor William Marcy (cropped 3x4).png75px]]William L. Marcy
(1786–1857)
–
January 1, 1839
(lost election)Democratic1832
1834
1836
[[File:Henry_Inman_-_William_H._Seward.jpg75px]]Whig Party (United States)}};"William H. Seward
(1801–1872)
–
January 1, 1843
(did not run)Whig1838Whig Party (United States)}};"
1840
[[File:Governor William Bouck (cropped 3x4).png75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"William C. Bouck
(1786–1859)
–
January 1, 1845
(lost nomination)Democratic1842Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Silas Wright, Jr. (Engraved Portrait).jpg75px]]Silas Wright
(1795–1847)
–
January 1, 1847
(lost election)Democratic1844
(resigned July 5, 1847)
[[File:New_York_Governor_John_Young.jpg75px]]Whig Party (United States)}};"John Young
(1802–1852)
–
January 1, 1849
(did not run)Whig1846
(acting)
Whig Party (United States)}};"
(took office January 1, 1848)
[[File:Hamilton Fish (portrait by Charles Loring Elliott).png75px]]Hamilton Fish
(1808–1893)
–
January 1, 1851
(did not run)Whig1848
[[File:Washington Hunt (3x4 cropped).png75px]]Washington Hunt
(1811–1867)
–
January 1, 1853
(lost election)Whig1850Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:HSeymour cropped.png75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Horatio Seymour
(1810–1886)
–
January 1, 1855
(lost election)Democratic1852
[[File:Myron H. Clark by Leon Bonnat (3x4 cropped).png75px]]Whig Party (United States)}};"Myron H. Clark
(1806–1892)
–
January 1, 1857
(lost nomination)Whig/
Free Soil
(fusion)1854Whig Party (United States)}};"
[[File:John Alsop King (cropped).jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"John A. King
(1788–1867)
–
January 1, 1859
(did not run)Republican1856Republican Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Edwin_D._Morgan_(portrait_by_George_Peter_Alexander_Healey).png75px]]Edwin D. Morgan
(1811–1883)
–
January 1, 1863
(did not run)Republican1858
1860
[[File:Hon. Horatio Seymour, N.Y - NARA - 528568 (cropped).jpg100x100px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Horatio Seymour
(1810–1886)
–
January 2, 1865
(lost election)Democratic1862Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Reuben_Fenton_-_Brady-Handy.jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"Reuben Fenton
(1819–1885)
–
January 1, 1869
(did not run)Union1864Republican Party (United States)}};"
1866
[[File:John_T._Hoffman_(portrait_by_Jacob_Lazarus).png75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"John T. Hoffman
(1828–1888)
–
January 1, 1873
(did not run)Democratic1868Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1870
[[File:JADix.png75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"John Adams Dix
(1798–1879)
–
January 1, 1875
(lost election)Republican1872Republican Party (United States)}};"
[[File:SamuelTilden.png75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Samuel J. Tilden
(1814–1886)
–
January 1, 1877
(did not run)Democratic1874Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Lucius_Robinson_(portrait_by_George_Waters).png75px]]Lucius Robinson
(1810–1891)
–
January 1, 1880
(lost election)Democratic1876
[[File:Alonzo B. Cornell.jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"Alonzo B. Cornell
(1832–1904)
–
January 1, 1883
(lost nomination)Republican1879Republican Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Grover Cleveland LCCN2012645627.jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Grover Cleveland
(1837–1908)
–
January 6, 1885
(resigned)Democratic1882Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Photo of David B. Hill.jpg75px]]David B. Hill
(1843–1910)
–
January 1, 1892
(did not run)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governorRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(acting)
1885Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1888
[[File:Flower, Hon. R.P. (cropped).jpg75px]]Roswell P. Flower
(1835–1899)
–
January 1, 1895
(did not run)Democratic1891
[[File:Levi P. Morton (U.S. Vice president 1889-1893) (cropped).jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"Levi P. Morton
(1824–1920)
–
January 1, 1897
(did not run)Republican1894Republican Party (United States)}};"
[[File:New York and the war with Spain. History of the Empire State regiments (1903) (14759490491) (cropped).jpg75px]]Frank S. Black
(1853–1913)
–
December 31, 1898
(lost nomination)Republican1896
[[File:T Roosevelt.jpg75px]]Theodore Roosevelt
(1858–1919)
–
January 1, 1901
(did not run)Republican1898
[[File:Benjamin Barker Odell Jr cph.3b20166 (3x4 cropped).jpg75px]]Benjamin Odell
(1854–1926)
–
December 31, 1904
(did not run)Republican1900
1902
[[File:Frank W. Higgins.jpg75px]]Frank W. Higgins
(1856–1907)
–
January 1, 1907
(did not run)Republican1904
(resigned December 5, 1906)
(acting)
[[File:Charles Evans Hughes cph.3b15401.jpg75px]]Charles Evans Hughes
(1862–1948)
–
October 6, 1910
(resigned)Republican1906Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1908Republican Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Horace White.jpg75px]]Horace White
(1865–1943)
–
December 31, 1910
(successor took office)RepublicanSucceeded from
lieutenant
governor
(acting)
[[File:John Alden Dix.jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"John Alden Dix
(1860–1928)
–
January 1, 1913
(lost nomination)Democratic1910Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:William Sulzer, portrait taken by Chicago studio.jpg75px]]William Sulzer
(1863–1941)
–
October 17, 1913
(impeached and removed)Democratic1912
[[File:Martin H. Glynn.jpg75px]]Martin H. Glynn
(1871–1924)
–
December 31, 1914
(lost election)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governor
(acting)
[[File:Portrait of Charles S. Whitman (3x4 cropped).jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"Charles Seymour Whitman
(1868–1947)
–
January 1, 1919
(lost election)Republican1914Republican Party (United States)}};"
1916
[[File:Alfred Smith (3x4 cropped).jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Al Smith
(1873–1944)
–
December 31, 1920
(lost election)Democratic1918Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Portrait of Nathan L. Miller.jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"Nathan L. Miller
(1868–1953)
–
December 31, 1922
(lost election)Republican1920Republican Party (United States)}};"
(resigned September 26, 1922)
(acting)
[[File:Alfred Smith (3x4 cropped).jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Al Smith
(1873–1944)
–
December 31, 1928
(did not run)Democratic1922Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1924Republican Party (United States)}};"
1926Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Vincenzo Laviosa - Franklin D. Roosevelt - Google Art Project.jpg93x93px]]Franklin D. Roosevelt
(1882–1945)
–
December 31, 1932
(did not run)Democratic1928
1930
[[File:Herbert Lehman.jpg75px]]Herbert H. Lehman
(1878–1963)
–
December 2, 1942
(resigned)Democratic1932
1934
1936
1938
[[File:Charles Poletti.jpg75px]]Charles Poletti
(1903–2002)
–
December 31, 1942
(successor took office)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governorRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(acting)
[[File:Thomas Dewey in 1944 (3x4 cropped).jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"Thomas E. Dewey
(1902–1971)
–
December 31, 1954
(did not run)Republican1942
1946
1950
(resigned September 30, 1953)
(acting)
(acting)
[[File:Averell Harriman (1) Edit.jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"W. Averell Harriman
(1891–1986)
–
December 31, 1958
(lost election)Democratic1954Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:Governor Nelson Rockefeller (cropped2).png98x98px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"Nelson Rockefeller
(1908–1979)
–
December 18, 1973
(resigned)Republican1958Republican Party (United States)}};"
1962
1966
1970
[[File:Malcolm Wilson (NY) (3x4 cropped).png75px]]Malcolm Wilson
(1914–2000)
–
December 31, 1974
(lost election)RepublicanSucceeded from
lieutenant
governor
(acting)
[[File:Hugh Carey (NY).png75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Hugh Carey
(1919–2011)
–
December 31, 1982
(did not run)Democratic1974Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1978
[[File:Mario Cuomo 1987 (cropped).jpg75px]]Mario Cuomo
(1932–2015)
–
December 31, 1994
(lost election)Democratic1982
(resigned February 1, 1985)
Republican Party (United States)}};"
(acting)
1986Democratic Party (United States)}};"
1990
[[File:George Pataki 2004 (cropped).jpg75px]]Republican Party (United States)}};"George Pataki
(b. 1945)
–
December 31, 2006
(did not run)Republican1994Republican Party (United States)}};"
1998
2002
[[File:Eliot Spitzer (higher res) (cropped).jpg75px]]Democratic Party (United States)}};"Eliot Spitzer
(b. 1959)
–
March 17, 2008
(resigned)Democratic2006Democratic Party (United States)}};"
[[File:David Paterson 2 by David Shankbone.jpg75px]]David Paterson
(b. 1954)
–
December 31, 2010
(did not run)DemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governorRepublican Party (United States)}};"
(acting)
(acting)
Democratic Party (United States)}};"
(acting)
(acting)
(contested)
(acting)
[[File:Andrew Cuomo by Pat Arnow cropped.jpeg75px]]Andrew Cuomo
(b. 1957)
–
August 23, 2021
(resigned)Democratic2010
2014
2018
[[File:Governor Hochul April 2022.jpg75px]]Kathy Hochul
(b. 1958)
–
IncumbentDemocraticSucceeded from
lieutenant
governor
(acting)
(appointed September 9, 2021)
(resigned April 12, 2022)
(acting)
(appointed May 25, 2022)
2022

Notes

References

;General

;Specific

References

  1. New York Constitution article IV, § 3.
  2. New York Constitution article IV, § 7.
  3. New York Constitution article IV, § 4.
  4. "Governors of New York". State of New York.
  5. McFadden, Robert D.. (December 3, 2007). "Moses Weinstein, 95, Legislator and Judge, Dies". [[The New York Times]].
  6. 1777 New York Constitution, article XVIII.
  7. "Governors of New York". New York Department of State.
  8. 1821 New York Constitution article III, § 1.
  9. 1821 New York Constitution article I, § 15.
  10. 1821 New York Constitution article I, § 16.
  11. (1883). "New York". Melbert B. Cary & Company.
  12. 1894 New York Constitution article IV, § 1
  13. New York Constitution article IV, § 1.
  14. 1777 New York Constitution, article X.
  15. New York Constitution, article IV § 5.
  16. New York Constitution, article IV § 6.
  17. "Executive Branch of the Several States". The Green Papers.
  18. (January 2019). "George Clinton". [[National Governors Association]].
  19. Faber, Harold. (1989-09-25). "Remembering a Governor Almost Forgotten". The New York Times.
  20. (January 2019). "John Jay". [[National Governors Association]].
  21. Senate, New York (State) Legislature. (1901). "Documents of the Senate of the State of New York". E. Croswell.
  22. Williams, Edwin. (1831). "The New York Annual Register". J. Leavitt.
  23. (January 2019). "Morgan Lewis". [[National Governors Association]].
  24. (January 2019). "Daniel D. Tompkins". [[National Governors Association]].
  25. (January 2019). "John Tayler". [[National Governors Association]].
  26. (1817-03-11). "none". Buffalo Gazette.
  27. (January 2019). "Dewitt Clinton". [[National Governors Association]].
  28. (1817-07-09). "none". The Long-Island Star.
  29. (January 2019). "Joseph Christopher Yates". [[National Governors Association]].
  30. (1823-01-06). "none". The Evening Post.
  31. (1825-01-05). "New Governor". Poughkeepsie Journal.
  32. (January 2019). "Nathaniel Pitcher". [[National Governors Association]].
  33. (January 2019). "Martin Van Buren". [[National Governors Association]].
  34. (1829-01-07). "none". Poughkeepsie Journal.
  35. (January 2019). "Enos Thompson Throop". [[National Governors Association]].
  36. New York State Legislature. ''Journal of the Senate''. 1829 sess., [https://books.google.com/books?id=nEE_AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA307 307], accessed May 12, 2023.
  37. (January 2019). "William Learned Marcy". [[National Governors Association]].
  38. (January 2019). "William Henry Seward". [[National Governors Association]].
  39. (1839-01-02). "none". The Evening Post.
  40. (January 2019). "William C. Bouck". [[National Governors Association]].
  41. (January 2019). "Silas Wright". [[National Governors Association]].
  42. (1845-01-04). "Albany". New York Daily Herald.
  43. (January 2019). "John Young". [[National Governors Association]].
  44. (1847-01-03). "The Inauguration of John Young As Governor of New York". New York Daily Herald.
  45. (January 2019). "Hamilton Fish". [[National Governors Association]].
  46. (1849-01-04). "Affairs in Albany". New York Daily Herald.
  47. (January 2019). "Washington Hunt". [[National Governors Association]].
  48. (1851-01-02). "Inauguration of Governor Hunt, Interesting Proceedings". The Evening Post.
  49. (January 2019). "Horatio Seymour". [[National Governors Association]].
  50. (1853-01-01). "The Inauguration of Gov. Seymour - The Opening of the Legislature, etc.". New York Daily Herald.
  51. (January 2019). "Myron Holley Clark". [[National Governors Association]].
  52. (1855-01-01). "Inauguration of the New Governor". New York Daily Herald.
  53. (January 2019). "John Alsop King". [[National Governors Association]].
  54. (1857-01-03). "Inauguration of Gov. King". The Buffalo Commercial.
  55. (January 2019). "Edwin Denison Morgan". [[National Governors Association]].
  56. (1859-01-03). "Affairs in Albany". The Buffalo Daily Republic.
  57. (1863-01-02). "Inauguration of Governor Horatio Seymour". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle.
  58. (January 2019). "Reuben Eaton Fenton". [[National Governors Association]].
  59. Manning, James Hilton. (1910). "Albany Zouave Cadets ...: Fifty Years Young, July Twenty-third, MDCCCLX-MDCCCCX ...". Weed-Parsons Printing Company.
  60. (1865-01-05). "Inauguration of Gov. Fenton". Syracuse Daily Courier And Union.
  61. (1865-01-03). "Inauguration of Governor Fenton". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle.
  62. (1865-01-02). "The State Legislature". The New York Times.
  63. (January 2019). "John Thompson Hoffman". [[National Governors Association]].
  64. (1869-01-02). "Inauguration of the New State Government". The New York Times.
  65. (January 2019). "John Adams Dix". [[National Governors Association]].
  66. (1873-01-02). "State Inaugurations". The New York Times.
  67. (January 2019). "Samuel Jones Tilden". [[National Governors Association]].
  68. (1875-01-02). "The New Governor Sworn". The New York Times.
  69. (January 2019). "Lucius Robinson". [[National Governors Association]].
  70. (1877-01-02). "The New Governor Installed". The New York Times.
  71. (January 2019). "Alonzo Barton Cornell". [[National Governors Association]].
  72. (1880-01-02). "A New Governor in Office". The New York Times.
  73. (January 2019). "Steven Grover Cleveland". [[National Governors Association]].
  74. (1883-01-02). "Governor Cleveland". The Buffalo News.
  75. (January 2019). "David Bennett Hill". [[National Governors Association]].
  76. (1885-01-06). "The New Regime". The Buffalo News.
  77. {{CongBio
  78. (January 2019). "Roswell Pettibone Flower". [[National Governors Association]].
  79. (1892-01-02). "Oath of Office". The Buffalo News.
  80. (1895-01-02). "Levi P. Morton, Governor". The New York Times.
  81. (January 2019). "Frank Swett Black". [[National Governors Association]].
  82. (1897-01-02). "Black Is Now Governor". The New York Times.
  83. (January 2019). "Theodore Roosevelt". [[National Governors Association]].
  84. (1898-12-31). "Col. Roosevelt Takes the Oath of Office". The Brooklyn Daily Eagle.
  85. (January 2019). "Benjamin Baker Odell". [[National Governors Association]].
  86. (1901-01-02). "Gov. Odell Inaugurated". The New York Times.
  87. (January 2019). "Francis Wayland Higgins". [[National Governors Association]].
  88. (1905-01-01). "It Is Gov. Higgins Now". The New York Times.
  89. (January 2019). "Charles Evans Hughes". [[National Governors Association]].
  90. (1907-01-01). "Crowds Gather at Albany for Inauguration". Buffalo Courier.
  91. (January 2019). "Horace White". [[National Governors Association]].
  92. (1910-10-06). "Horace White Is Governor of New York". The Buffalo Enquirer.
  93. (January 2019). "John Alden Dix". [[National Governors Association]].
  94. (1911-01-01). "Dix Sworn In As Governor". The Sun.
  95. (1912-10-03). "Sulzer Wins on Fourth Phase, Dix Withdraws". The New York Times.
  96. (January 2019). "William Sulzer". [[National Governors Association]].
  97. (1913-01-02). "New York's Governor-Elect Took the Oath of Office Yesterday". Buffalo Progressive.
  98. (January 2019). "Martin Henry Glynn". [[National Governors Association]].
  99. (1913-10-18). "Glynn Is Sworn In". The New York Times.
  100. (January 2019). "Charles Seymour Whitman". [[National Governors Association]].
  101. (1915-01-01). "Midnight Appointments Made by New Governor". The Post-Star.
  102. (January 2019). "Alfred Emanuel Smith". [[National Governors Association]].
  103. (1919-01-01). "Democratic Weather for Smith's Inauguration". The Kingston Daily Freeman.
  104. (January 2019). "Nathan Lewis Miller". [[National Governors Association]].
  105. (1921-01-01). "Brilliance to Mark Miller's Inaugural Day". Poughkeepsie Eagle-News.
  106. (1923-01-01). "Al E. Smith Given Oath". Poughkeepsie Eagle-News.
  107. (January 2019). "Franklin Delano Roosevelt". [[National Governors Association]].
  108. (1929-01-01). "Roosevelt Takes First Oath Of Office as State Governor". Poughkeepsie Eagle-News.
  109. (January 2019). "Herbert Henry Lehman". [[National Governors Association]].
  110. (1933-01-01). "O'Brien Sworn As Mayor; Lehman Now Governor". Times Union.
  111. (January 2019). "Charles Poletti". [[National Governors Association]].
  112. Tyler, William W.. (1942-12-03). "Poletti Assumes Governorship; Lehman Resigns". The Post-Star.
  113. (January 2019). "Thomas Edmund Dewey". [[National Governors Association]].
  114. Lee, Dick. (1943-01-01). "Dewey Sworn In; 20-Year Republican Drout Ends". Daily News.
  115. (January 2019). "William Averell Harriman". [[National Governors Association]].
  116. (1955-01-01). "Gov. Harriman Sworn; Hungry Dems Swarm". Daily News.
  117. (January 2019). "Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller". [[National Governors Association]].
  118. Dumas, Charles. (1959-01-01). "Rockefeller Sworn In As 49th Governor". The Troy Record.
  119. (January 2019). "Malcolm Wilson". [[National Governors Association]].
  120. (1973-12-18). "Wilson Becomes 50th Governor in Quiet Ceremony". The Buffalo News.
  121. (January 2019). "Hugh Leo Carey". [[National Governors Association]].
  122. (1975-01-01). "Carey Takes Oath as Governor". The Post-Standard.
  123. (January 2019). "Mario Matthew Cuomo". [[National Governors Association]].
  124. (1983-01-01). "Cuomo Takes Oath, Becomes 52nd Governor". The Buffalo News.
  125. (January 2019). "George E. Pataki". [[National Governors Association]].
  126. Humbert, Marc. (1995-01-01). "New Governor in Control of New York". The Post-Star.
  127. (January 2019). "Eliot Spitzer". [[National Governors Association]].
  128. Spector, Joseph. (2007-01-01). "Glut of Troubles Awaits Spitzer". Democrat and Chronicle.
  129. (January 2019). "David A. Paterson". [[National Governors Association]].
  130. Precious, Tom. (2008-03-18). "Trust Is Paterson's Mission". The Buffalo News.
  131. (January 2019). "Andrew Cuomo". [[National Governors Association]].
  132. Reisman, Nick. (2011-01-01). "Cuomo Is 56th Leader of New York". Poughkeepsie Journal.
  133. (August 10, 2021). "New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo resigns". NBC News.
  134. "Kathy Hochul". [[National Governors Association]].
  135. Solomon, Joshua. (2021-08-24). "Kathy Hochul Sworn In After Midnight, Becoming New York's First Female Governor". Times Union.
  136. (2023-01-01). "At Inauguration, Hochul Vows to Make New York Safer and More Affordable". The New York Times.
  137. (2022-04-12). "NY lieutenant governor resigns after arrest in federal probe".
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