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List of former United States citizens who relinquished their nationality

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Summary

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This is a list of notable former United States citizens who voluntarily relinquished their citizenship, and through that act, their nationality. It includes only public figures who completed the process of relinquishment of United States citizenship. This list excludes people who may have indicated their intent to do so but never formally completed the process, as well as immigrants who had their naturalizations canceled after convictions for war crimes or for fraud in the naturalization process.

List

; Key of reasons To take or run for a position in a foreign government. Spouses of foreign heads of state are included in this category.

To naturalize as a citizen of a foreign country, or to retain citizenship in a foreign country disallowing dual citizenship.

To protest U.S. policies or actions

Other or unclear reasons

The column "Federal Register" refers to whether and when the former citizen's name was published by the U.S. government in one of its lists of people giving up citizenship. "Too early" refers to people who relinquished citizenship before publication began. An asterisk indicates that Federal Register data for the quarter in which the person relinquished citizenship has not yet been released. See the article "Quarterly Publication of Individuals Who Have Chosen to Expatriate" for further details on the Federal Register list. The column U.S. Citizenship indicates how the person original ascertained U.S. citizenship. Jus soli ("right of the soil") is citizenship by birth in the United States, whereas jus sanguinis ("right of blood") here refers to citizenship through birth abroad to an American parent.

Federal policy towards U.S. citizens who naturalize in foreign countries has varied over the years. For most of the twentieth century, the State Department regarded such naturalizations as indicating the intent to relinquish U.S. citizenship in almost all cases. However, in 1990 the State Department adopted the administrative presumption that "when a U.S. citizen obtains naturalization in a foreign state, subscribes to routine declarations of allegiance to a foreign state, or accepts non-policy level employment with a foreign state", he or she intends to retain U.S. citizenship, overriding the earlier presumption that such acts indicated intent to relinquish U.S. citizenship.

Name	Occupation	U.S. citizenship	Other citizenships	Description	Year emigrated	Year relinquished	Federal Register
	Scholar	Jus soli	Japan	A native of Michigan and a World War II Pacific theater Marine Corps veteran, Abegglen went on to a career as a professor of management and economics. He moved to Japan in 1982 and naturalized as a citizen of the country in 1997.
	Diplomat	Naturalized	Republic of Macedonia	url=http://www.wrmea.org/wrmea-archives/157-washington-report-archives-1994-1999/september-october-1994/7594-republic-of-macedonias-us-representative-grew-up-in-ohio.html	first=Grace	last=Halsell	title=Republic of Macedonia's U.S. Representative Grew Up in Ohio	work=Washington Report	date=September–October 1994	access-date=2014-02-25}} She relinquished U.S. citizenship in 1995 to become the first Macedonian Ambassador to the United States.	N/A
	Politician	Naturalized	Lithuania	Adamkus was born in Kaunas, Lithuania, and came to Chicago as a refugee. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 1998 to become the President of Lithuania.	1997
	Head of State	Jus sanguinis	Monaco	Born in Monaco in 1958, Prince Albert inherited U.S. citizenship from his mother, actress Grace Kelly. As a child he visited his U.S. relatives often, and later studied at Amherst College in Massachusetts. He relinquished his U.S. citizenship at age 21, and became Prince of Monaco in 2005.	N/A	-80	Too early
	Actor	Jus sanguinis	India	url=http://www.verveonline.com/27/people/tom/full.shtml	first=Meher	last=Marfatia	title=Tom of all trades	work=Verve Magazine	date=January 2004	volume=12	issue=1	access-date=2013-07-17	url-status=dead	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101223013/http://www.verveonline.com/27/people/tom/full.shtml	archive-date=November 1, 2013	df=mdy-all}} He lived in India all his life with the exception of a year-long stint at Yale University in the late 1960s; he withdrew without completing his degree and returned to India. After moving to Mumbai to pursue a Bollywood career, he renounced his U.S. citizenship and naturalized as an Indian citizen to demonstrate his commitment to the country and gain acceptance among fans.	N/A	s	Too early
	Politician	Jus soli	Canada	Alward was born in Beverly, Massachusetts, and moved to New Brunswick with his family while he was still young. He went on to become Premier of New Brunswick. He was named Canada's Consul-General in Boston in April 2015, and renounced U.S. citizenship to accept the post.	s
	Writer	Jus sanguinis	Greece	Andrews was born in China to American father Roy Chapman Andrews and his English wife, and served in the U.S.' 10th Mountain Division during World War II. After graduating from Harvard University in 1947, Andrews moved to Greece to pursue archaeological studies, and renounced his U.S. citizenship to naturalize as a Greek citizen in 1975.			Too early
	Politician	Naturalized	Israel	Born in Lithuania in 1925, Arens came to the U.S. with his family in 1939, and naturalized as a U.S. citizen, but then emigrated to Israel to fight in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. He kept U.S. citizenship while serving in the Knesset in the 1970s, as Israeli law did not yet bar legislators from dual citizenship at that time. He gave up U.S. citizenship before becoming Israeli ambassador in Washington in 1982.			Too early
	Businessperson	?	Israel	Born in the British Mandate of Palestine, Arison moved to the U.S. in 1952, where he founded Carnival Cruise Lines. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in 1990 to return to the land of his birth, which by then had become the State of Israel.			Too early
	Activist	Jus soli	Japan	Raised as David Christopher Aldwinckle in Geneva, New York, he gave up his U.S. citizenship in 2002 after becoming a citizen of Japan. Columnist at The Japan Times and author of "Japanese Only -- The Otaru Hot Springs Case and Racial Discrimination in Japan", he advocates for minority rights in Japan, receiving his doctorate in International Studies at Meiji Gakuin University in 2014.
	Writer	Jus soli	United Kingdom	Texas native Ash, angered by the U.S.' initial stance of neutrality in World War II, renounced citizenship in 1939 to join the Royal Canadian Air Force as a fighter pilot and flew numerous missions against Nazi Germany before his capture. Held as a prisoner of war at Stalag Luft III, he made more than a dozen escape attempts, survived the war, and was demobilised in England, where he settled and naturalized.			Too early
	Politician	Jus sanguinis	Israel	Azaria was born in Israel to an American mother who had made aliyah at age 18. She grew up in Israel, and never lived in the U.S. although she frequently visited relatives there. She renounced U.S. citizenship after being elected to the Knesset in the 2015 Israeli legislative election.	N/A
	Musician	Jus soli	France	Born Freda Josephine McDonald in St. Louis, Missouri in 1906, she moved to Paris in 1925 to pursue a career as a dancer. She renounced U.S. citizenship to become a citizen of France in 1937.			Too early
	Judge	Jus soli	Israel	url=https://blogs.wsj.com/totalreturn/2012/08/02/the-renouncers-who-gave-up-u-s-citizenship-and-why	first=Laura	last=Saunders	title=The Renouncers: Who gave up U.S. citizenship, and why?	work=The Wall Street Journal	date=2012-08-02	access-date=2012-08-02}}	?
	Financier	?	Vanuatu	url=http://www.hsgac.senate.gov/download/report_correspondent--banking-a-gateway-for-money-laundering	title=Hearings before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Government Affairs	publisher=United States Congress	date=March 2001	access-date=2013-12-10}} When Vanuatu became independent in 1980 and asked prominent members of society to take Vanuatu citizenship, Bayer accepted and gave up U.S. citizenship in 1982. He went on to become a member of the board of directors of the Reserve Bank of Vanuatu.	1960s		Too early
	Politician	Jus sanguinis	Israel	Bennett was born in Israel to American émigré parents from California. He renounced U.S. citizenship after being elected to the 19th Knesset in the 2013 election.	N/A
	Other	Jus soli	Saint Kitts and Nevis	Bilzerian, a writer and professional poker player, is a native of Tampa, Florida and the son of corporate takeover specialist Paul Bilzerian. Dissatisfied with the U.S. government's treatment of his father, who was tried for market manipulation in the early 1990s, and concerned over the direction of the country during the presidency of George W. Bush, Bilzerian emigrated from the U.S. and sought citizenship in Saint Kitts and Nevis.
	Athlete	Jus soli	Spain	Brabender was born in 1945 in Montevideo, Minnesota. He was drafted by the Philadelphia 76ers in 1967, but instead accepted an offer by Pedro Ferrándiz to join Real Madrid Baloncesto, and moved to Spain. He gave up U.S. citizenship to naturalize as a Spanish citizen so he could join the national basketball team, and went on to represent the country in the 1972, 1976, and 1980 Summer Olympics.		s	Too early
	Politician	Naturalized	Germany	Brauer, a native of Germany, fled to France and then China after the Nazi rise to power, and eventually ended up in the U.S., where he worked as a university lecturer and was naturalized as a U.S. citizen. He travelled to Germany in June 1945 after the German surrender on a mission for the American Federation of Labor, and chose to renounce U.S. citizenship and resume his German citizenship so he could aid in reconstruction of Germany. He went on to become mayor of Hamburg in 1946.			Too early
	Scientist	Jus soli	Belgium	A native of New York and an expert in statistical mechanics, Brout met Belgian physicist François Englert while a professor at Cornell University in the 1950s. He resigned his position to move to Belgium to continue their research collaboration in 1961, and naturalized as a citizen of the country a few years later, giving up his U.S. citizenship in the process. The two, along with Peter Higgs, went on to win the 2004 Wolf Prize in Physics and the 2010 Sakurai Prize for their work on the Higgs boson. After Brout's death in 2011, Englert and Higgs shared the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics (which is not awarded posthumously) for that same work.		s	Too early
	Financier	Jus soli	United Kingdom	url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2006/mar/26/russia	first=Nick	last=Kochan	title=Russia's unorthodox exile	work=The Guardian	date=2006-03-26	access-date=2012-05-18}} He founded Hermitage Capital Management there in Guernsey in 1996. He became a British citizen in 1997.
	Politician	Naturalized	Jamaica	url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/Brown-Burke-offers-proof-_10744976	first=Alicia	last=Dunkley	title=Brown-Burke offers proof	work=The Jamaica Observer	date=2012-02-12	access-date=2012-11-04}} She got involved in Kingston local politics with the People's National Party in the 2000s. She moved from local to national politics in January 2012 with her appointment as Deputy President of the Senate of Jamaica, and renounced her U.S. citizenship to take up the position.
	Actor	Naturalized	Switzerland	Russian-born film and stage actor; held dual Swiss and U.S. citizenship until 1965, when he renounced his U.S. citizenship for tax reasons; he had lost his tax exemption as an American resident abroad by working too long in the U.S. and would have been bankrupted by what he owed in taxes and penalties.	?		Too early
	Musician	Jus soli	Greece	Opera singer born in New York City in 1923. She renounced U.S. citizenship in 1966 at the U.S. embassy in Paris in order to resume her ancestral Greek citizenship.			Too early
	Politician	Naturalized	Philippines	Calayag was born in San Pablo, Laguna, Philippines in 1974, and moved to Washington state after completing university. He naturalized as a U.S. citizen in 2009. Philippine Secretary of Agriculture Proceso Alcala, for whom Calayag had worked in the past, convinced him to move back to the Philippines and join the Department of Agriculture; Calayag renounced U.S. citizenship in January 2013 prior to becoming head of the National Food Authority.
	Activist	Jus soli	Honduras	url=http://www.riverfronttimes.com/1999-01-27/news/the-tragic-christian	first=C.D.	last=Stelzer	title=The Tragic Christian	work=Riverfront Times	date=1999-01-27	access-date=2013-04-11}} Eventually, his belief in liberation theology would lead him to naturalize as a Honduran citizen in September 1974 and then renounce U.S. citizenship as a gesture of support for landless peasants and a measure of protest against the United States' influence in the country. Despite his naturalization, he was deported from the country in 1979, but returned and then disappeared, believed to have either starved to death in the jungle or been killed by the Honduran military.			Too early
	Other	?	Mozambique	url=https://www.wired.com/wired/5.07/crypto_pr.html	first=Charles	last=Platt	title=Plotting Away in Margaritaville: On a steamy Caribbean island, Vincent Cate and 80 cypherpunks gathered to make the global financial system safe from predators	magazine=Wired	date=July 1997	access-date=2013-10-11	url-status=unfit	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990220035256/http://www.wired.com/wired/5.07/crypto_pr.html	archive-date=February 20, 1999}} He renounced his U.S. citizenship in 1998, in his words, "to be free from the silly U.S. laws on crypto".
	Artist	Jus soli	Mexico	Born in Washington, D.C. in 1915, Catlett first came to Mexico in 1946 to study the country's popular arts movements; there, she met the man who would become her husband, Francisco Mora. She naturalized as a Mexican citizen in 1962, and gave up her U.S. citizenship. She later faced difficulties getting a tourist visa to visit the U.S. due to her membership in the Taller de Gráfica Popular, a leftist arts group. She lived in Cuernavaca, Morelos until her death in 2012.			Too early
	Politician	Jus sanguinis	Philippines	Cayetano was born in the Philippines in 1970 to Philippine Senator Renato Cayetano and his American wife, Sandra Schramm-Cayetano (a native of Michigan). He attended university in the Philippines, and renounced U.S. citizenship to stand for election to the Philippine House of Representatives in the 1998 elections, and to gain admission to the Philippine Bar that same month. He would go on to become the Philippine Senate Minority Leader.	N/A
	Politician	?	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	Cha renounced U.S. citizenship in 2001 to take up a position as Vice Chair of the China Securities Regulatory Commission.	?
	Scientist	Naturalized	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	A native of Taishan, Guangdong, Chan moved to Hong Kong at age 14 before going on to university in Japan and then the U.S., where he naturalized as a U.S. citizen. He moved to Taiwan in 1992 and then returned to Hong Kong in 1994. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 2001 after being named a fellow of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
	Politician	?	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	Chan was elected to the Legislative Council of Hong Kong in the 1998 elections to represent the insurance constituency. The Legislative Council Ordinance allows legislators in this and certain other functional constituencies to hold foreign citizenship; nevertheless, in the runup to the 2004 elections there was public discussion about amending the Ordinance to abolish this, and Chan renounced his U.S. and Thai citizenship to avoid controversy.	?
	Politician	?	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	Chan moved back to Hong Kong after receiving a Ph.D. from Duke University in 2003. He pursued a career in pharmaceuticals research before entering politics as a member of the Kwun Tong District Council. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in February 2013 after being nominated as the political assistant for the Commerce and Economic Development Bureau.
	Actor	Jus soli	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	Born in Los Angeles, California, in 1982 to Jackie Chan and Joan Lin, Chan spent most of his childhood in Hong Kong. He attended college in the U.S., but dropped out to return to Hong Kong. He made his entertainment industry debut there in 2004. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in 2009 and became a PRC citizen, earning him praise in Chinese media for bucking the trend of Chinese actors obtaining Singaporean or other foreign passports.	N/A
	Scientist	?	Singapore	url=http://www.silvertsunami.asia/Content/Page.aspx?cp=711	title=Introducing Our Medical Panel	publisher=Silver Tsunami Asia	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005011201/http://www.silvertsunami.asia/Content/Page.aspx?cp=711	archive-date=2011-10-05	url-status=usurped
	Businessperson	Naturalized	IndiaSingapore	Born in India in 1950, Chandran attended university there and in the Philippines before moving to the U.S. in 1976 with his Filipina American wife Vivian. He naturalized as a U.S. citizen in 1981, and founded Chemoil that same year. In 2005 he moved himself and the company to Singapore to pursue opportunities in the Asian shipping market, and relinquished his U.S. citizenship in 2007 to become a citizen of Singapore.
	Politician	?	Jamaica	Charles-Freeman is the daughter of Jamaican politician Pearnel Charles. She lived in the U.S. while studying at the University of Miami and Florida International University, then returned to Jamaica to complete a doctorate at the University of the West Indies. She renounced U.S. citizenship in August 2011 so she could run as a Jamaica Labour Party candidate in the elections at the end of that year.	s
	Politician	Jus soli	Jamaica	Charles is a Jamaican politician who currently serves as a Government Senator in the Parliament of Jamaica and as a Minister of State. He lived in the U.S. while studying at the George Washington University Law School and later was admitted to the New York State Bar. He then returned to Jamaica, where he continued practice as an attorney-at-law while serving as the deputy spokesperson for National Security for the Jamaica Labour Party who was then in Opposition He renounced U.S. citizenship in 2016.	s
	Judge	Naturalized	Republic of China	url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2011/04/09/2003500278	author1=Shih Hsiu-chuan	author2=Rich Chang	title=Nominee slammed over US green card	work=Taipei Times	date=2011-04-09	access-date=2013-02-15}}	s
	Politician	Naturalized	Republic of China	url=https://paw.princeton.edu/memorials/12/29/index.xml	title=Pi-Chao Chen *66	work=Princeton Alumni Weekly	date=2005-12-14	access-date=2013-03-28	url-status=dead	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227122031/http://paw.princeton.edu/memorials/12/29/index.xml	archive-date=February 27, 2015 }} He naturalized as a U.S. citizen in 1973, then returned to Taiwan in the 1990s and renounced U.S. citizenship in 1995 to enter politics. He thereafter served as a member of the National Security Council under Lee Teng-hui and as Vice-Minister of National Defense under Chen Shui-bian.	s
	Politician	Naturalized	People's Republic of China (Macau and Hong Kong)	A native of Macau, Cheung grew up in Hong Kong, and moved to the U.S. for graduate school. He naturalized as a U.S. citizen, but returned to Hong Kong in 1996 to raise his developmentally challenged daughter. He renounced his U.S. citizenship to run in the 2004 LegCo elections, on a platform of improving social services for elderly and disabled people.
	AthletePolitician	Naturalized	Republic of China	A native of Hsinchu, Taiwan, she won a bronze medal for the ROC team at the 1968 Summer Olympics. She naturalized as a U.S. citizen after marrying an American and living in the U.S., but returned to Taiwan in the 1970s. In 2009, President Ma Ying-jeou invited her to take up a policy advisor position in his government, which required her to give up U.S. citizenship.	s
	Politician	Naturalized	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	url=http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WLYF199601011.htm	author1=肖连兵	author2= 胡萌	title=面对'97回归——记港事顾问朱幼麟 (Facing the 1997 return of sovereignty: Hong Kong affairs advisor Chu Yu-lin)	journal=未来与发展	issue=1	year=1996	access-date=2013-04-19}} He would go on to become a member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong and the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China.
	Other	Jus soli	Yemen	A native of San Juan Capistrano, California, Conde went to Lebanon to study Arabic at the American University of Beirut in 1950, and eventually ended up in the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen, where in 1956 he renounced his U.S. citizenship to become an information officer in the government of Ahmad bin Yahya. After the Royalists lost the North Yemen Civil War, he fled to Spain and then Morocco, where he died a stateless man in 1992.			Too early
	Politician	?	Republic of China	Dang, a Democratic Progressive Party member in Taiwan, was named head of the Environmental Protection Administration by Chen Shui-bian after the 2004 elections, and renounced his U.S. citizenship to take up the position.	?
	Businessman	Jus soli	Belize, Cayman Islands, Ireland	In the mid-1990s Kenneth Dart and his brother, Robert, both renounced their American citizenship. Kenneth took Caymanian, Belizean and, later, Irish, citizenship. Robert holds Belizean and Irish citizenship, and resides in London. Kenneth Dart acquired citizenship of, and a compound in, the Cayman Islands, a tax haven.	?	s
	Activist	Jus soli		Davis was born in Bar Harbor, Maine. After serving in the U.S. Army during World War II, Davis renounced his U.S. citizenship in 1948 in Paris in order to become a "citizen of the world", and created the first "World Passport".	?		Too early
	Athlete	Jus soli	Republic of China	url=http://www.tulanegreenwave.com/sports/m-baskbl/mtt/davis_quincy00.html	title=50 Quincy Davis	publisher=Tulane Green Wave Official Athletic Site	access-date=2013-06-26	url-status=dead	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130812094548/http://www.tulanegreenwave.com/sports/m-baskbl/mtt/davis_quincy00.html	archive-date=August 12, 2013 }} He renounced his U.S. citizenship in June 2013 so he could naturalize in Taiwan and play for the Chinese Taipei men's national basketball team in the 2013 FIBA Asia Championship.
	Diplomat	Jus soli	Israel	url=http://www.tabletmag.com/news-and-politics/78543/bibis-brain/	first=Allison	last=Hoffman	title=Bibi's Brain	work=Tablet Magazine	date=2011-09-20	access-date=2013-07-06}} He moved to Israel in 1996, and began the process of becoming a citizen there in 1997. In 2005, then-Finance Minister Benjamin Netanyahu appointed him Minister for Economic Affairs in the Israeli embassy in Washington, a post for which he had to renounce his U.S. citizenship.
	Businessperson	Jus soli	The Bahamas	Dingman was born in Connecticut in 1931. He moved to the Bahamas in 1964, and renounced U.S. citizenship in 1994 to become a citizen of the country. He denied that this was for reasons related to taxation.
	Scholar	Jus soli	Ghana	Du Bois, a native of Massachusetts, moved to Ghana in 1961 at age 93 to manage the Encyclopedia Africana project. The U.S. State Department refused to renew his passport while he was living there, so Du Bois chose to naturalize as a citizen of Ghana in 1963. Some sources claim that he renounced U.S. citizenship, but David Levering Lewis' biography of him states that he did not; instead, he lost it automatically under the law at the time upon voluntarily becoming a citizen of another country and swearing an oath of allegiance to it.			Too early
	Politician	Jus soli	Nicaragua	D'Escoto, born in Los Angeles in 1933, went into politics in Nicaragua in the 1970s and renounced his U.S. citizenship. He held the post of Foreign Minister of Nicaragua from 1979–1980, as well as that of President of the United Nations General Assembly from 2008 to 2009.	?	s or earlier	Too early
	Writer	Jus soli	United Kingdom	Born in 1888 in St. Louis, Missouri, Eliot moved to the United Kingdom in 1914 to attend Merton College, Oxford. He married Briton Vivienne Haigh-Wood the following year, and rose to fame as a poet and playwright. He gave up U.S. citizenship in 1927 to become a British subject.			Too early
	Royalty	Naturalized	Serbia	A native of Belgrade, Princess Elizabeth lived in the U.S. during her marriage to American clothier Howard Oxenberg, with whom she had a daughter, American actress Catherine Oxenberg. She moved to London after her marriage to Oxenberg ended, and married Briton Neil Balfour. Now living in Serbia, she is a political activist and one-time candidate for the presidency of Serbia. She renounced U.S. citizenship in 2012 and is listed in the Federal Register under her civil name Elizabeth Karageorgevic.	s
	Artist	Naturalized	France	Born in Germany in 1891, Ernst lived in France for most of his life. He fled the Nazi occupation in 1941 and came to the U.S., where he married Peggy Guggenheim and naturalized as a U.S. citizen; however, the two divorced in 1946, and four years later Ernst returned to France. He gave up his U.S. citizenship in 1958 to naturalize as a French citizen. He died in Paris in 1976.			Too early
	Businessperson	?	United Kingdom	German-born oil businessman	?
	Musician	Jus soli	South Korea	Eru is the stage name of Cho Sung-hyun, a singer born in New York City to Korean immigrant parents. He dropped out of the Berklee College of Music in 2003 to move to South Korea and pursue his career as a singer there. He gave up U.S. citizenship in 2008 to take South Korean citizenship and serve in the army there.
	Diplomat	Jus sanguinis	Norway	Gade was born at Frogner Manor in Norway in 1870 to American diplomat parents. At age 18 he moved to the United States, where he went on to marry an American woman and serve four terms as mayor of Lake Forest, Illinois. In 1910, after five years of service as Norway's honorary consul in Chicago, he decided to move back to Norway and renounce his U.S. citizenship to enter the Norwegian diplomatic service, though he was left stateless until he had fulfilled the two-year residency period in order to gain Norwegian citizenship.			Too early
	Businessman	Naturalized	United Kingdom	Born at sea near Genoa, Kingdom of Italy in 1932, John Paul Getty Jr. inherited U.S. citizenship from his father, American-born British oil tycoon J. Paul Getty (1892–1976), who was once the richest man in the world. As a child he was initially raised in Los Angeles, California but due to his parents' divorce he moved with his mother to Reno, Nevada in 1936, and later studied at St. Ignatius College Preparatory and the University of San Francisco, both Jesuit schools in San Francisco. Getty was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) by The Queen in 1987 and relinquished his U.S. citizenship in December 1997, as he was granted British citizenship.	N/A		No
	Politician	Naturalized	Afghanistan	url=http://www.english.rfi.fr/asia-pacific/20140317-ashraf-ghani-technocrat-warlord-running-mate	first=Tony	last=Cross	title=Ashraf Ghani: technocrat with warlord running mate	work=Radio France Internationale	date=2014-03-27	access-date=2014-06-05}} He moved back to Afghanistan in 2002, where he served as President Hamid Karzai's Finance Minister until 2004. He renounced U.S. citizenship to run for President of Afghanistan in 2009, but was not elected.
	Director	Jus soli	United Kingdom	Gilliam was born in Minneapolis. In 1968, he obtained British citizenship, then held dual U.S. and British citizenship for the next 38 years. In January 2006 he renounced his U.S. citizenship, describing the George W. Bush administration as having created an environment "scarily similar to the Orwellian nightmare" of his 1985 film Brazil.	s
	Activist	Jus soli		url=http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/europe/111205/stateless-slovakia--renounce-us-citizenship-mike-gogulski	first=Moises	last=Mendoza	title=Stateless in Slovakia: What if you renounce US citizenship ... and you have no nationality to fall back on? Meet Mike Gogulski, refugee by choice.	work=Global Post	date=2011-12-06	access-date=2012-05-08}}
	DiplomatPolitician	Jus soli	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	url=http://www.iwnsvg.com/2014/03/06/sen-gonsalves-says-he-renounced-his-american-citizenship-ahead-of-appointment-to-svg-parliament/	title=Sen. Gonsalves says he renounced his American citizenship ahead of appointment to SVG Parliament	work=I-Witness News	date=2014-03-06	access-date=2014-03-07}} He attended university and worked as a journalist and corporate lawyer in the U.S. before moving back to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (SVG) to take a government post as a Senior Counsel. He lived in the U.S. again while serving as SVG's Permanent Representative to the United Nations, during which posting he retained his U.S. citizenship. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in September 2013, prior to being appointed a Senator in the House of Assembly.	s or 2000s
	Spy	Jus soli	Cuba	González was born in Chicago in 1956, but moved to Cuba as an infant. He returned to the U.S. in 1990 as a Cuban agent, posing as a defector. In 2001, he was convicted of spying on U.S. military facilities in South Florida and sentenced to prison as one of the "Cuban Five". He was released in 2011 and placed on probation for three years. In April 2013, during his second trip to Cuba since his release, he requested to be permitted to remain there with his family; the U.S. Justice Department agreed on the condition that he renounce his U.S. citizenship and thus his right to return to the country.
	Engineer	Jus soli	Japan	Gorham, a native of San Francisco, moved to Japan with his wife and children in 1918, where he worked as an engineer for various predecessors of Nissan before transferring to Hitachi. He and his wife renounced U.S. citizenship to naturalize as Japanese citizens in May 1941, apparently to escape increasing wartime restrictions on foreigners. He worked on jet engines at Hitachi during the war, while his son, who maintained his United States citizenship, moved to Washington, D.C. and joined the U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence.			Too early
	Politician	?	Saint Kitts and Nevis	url=http://www.caribbean360.com/index.php/news/15487.html	title=St Kitts takes dual citizenship issue to parliament	work=Caribbean 360	date=2009-07-03	access-date=2013-12-23	url-status=dead	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224105418/http://www.caribbean360.com/index.php/news/15487.html	archive-date=December 24, 2013 }}	?
	Politician	?	Dominica	Green, a United Workers' Party politician, has been involved in Dominican politics since the 1990s. He renounced his U.S. citizenship to qualify for the 2009 election.	?
	Diplomat	Naturalized	Afghanistan	Hakimi was born in Kabul in 1968, and joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs after graduating from the Polytechnical University of Kabul. As fighting in the Afghan civil war intensified, he emigrated to the United States in 1994, settling in Long Beach, California, where his parents and siblings already lived. He naturalized as a U.S. citizen but moved back to Afghanistan in 2002 and resumed his career in the transitional Afghan government. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in 2005 to take up a post as Afghanistan's ambassador to China. In 2011 he was named Afghanistan's ambassador to the United States.
	Other	Jus soli	Saudi Arabia	Hamdi was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana to Saudi parents, and moved to Saudi Arabia with them as a child. He was captured in Afghanistan in 2001 and detained as a purported "illegal enemy combatant". In 2004, he was released to Saudi Arabia after agreeing to renounce his U.S. citizenship once he arrived there.	s
	Actor	Jus soli	South Korea	Han Ye-seul is the stage name of Leslie Kim, an actress born to Korean immigrant parents in southern California in 1981. She graduated from Cerritos College and then emigrated to South Korea, where she made her debut as a model in 2001. She renounced her U.S. citizenship in 2004 to take South Korean citizenship.
	Medicine	Jus soli	People's Republic of China	Born in Buffalo, New York to Lebanese American parents in 1910, Hatem came to Shanghai in the 1930s to set up a medical practice. In 1949 he became the first foreigner to naturalize as a citizen of the People's Republic of China.	s		Too early
	Politician	Naturalized	Jamaica	Born in Westmoreland Parish, Jamaica, Hayles emigrated to the U.S. in the 1980s at age 13 with his family, and returned to Jamaica in 2000. He was elected to the Parliament of Jamaica in the September 2007 election, and renounced his U.S. citizenship the following month.
	Businessperson	Jus sanguinis	Thailand	Heinecke was born in 1949 to a U.S. Foreign Service Officer and grew up in Japan, Hong Kong, and Malaysia. He came to Thailand in 1963 with his parents, and after graduating from the International School Bangkok remained in Thailand, first working in advertising before launching a hospitality industry business which grew into Minor International. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 1991 to naturalize as a Thai citizen.	N/A		Too early
	Writer	Naturalized		A native of Chemnitz in eastern Germany, Heym fled from the Nazis in 1933 to Czechoslovakia before emigrating to the United States for further studies in 1935. He served in the U.S. Army during World War II and later naturalized as a U.S. citizen. He emigrated from the U.S. with his American wife in 1951, fearing investigation by the House Un-American Activities Committee. They first lived in Prague before finally settling in East Germany, where in 1953 he renounced his U.S. citizenship in protest of his former country's participation in the Korean War.			Too early
	Scholar	Jus soli	South Korea	url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/issues/2014/03/178_152651.html	first=Fred Jeremy	last=Seligson	title=Korean music expert Heyman dies at 83	work=The Korea Times	date=2014-03-03	access-date=2014-03-04}}
	Scholar	Jus soli	Germany	Hite was born in Missouri. She went on to become a sex educator and feminist studies scholar. She moved to West Germany in 1987, stating that her decision was "my political protest, in line with many U.S. writers and intellectuals before me, [against] ... the growing clamping down on independent thought in the U.S." In 1995, she renounced her U.S. citizenship and became a German citizen.
	Other	Jus soli	South Korea	A native of California, Holley first came to South Korea in 1978 as a Mormon missionary, and then returned in 1987 to pursue a legal career. He naturalized as a South Korean citizen in 1997, and later rose to fame as a television personality.
	Politician	Jus soli	Armenia	Hovannisyan was born in Brentwood, California to Armenian-American parents. He moved to Armenia in 1989, and applied for citizenship there in 1991, which would require him to give up all foreign citizenships upon approval. However, the processing of his application was delayed for nearly a decade; in 2001, Hovannisyan forced the issue by renouncing his U.S. citizenship even without his Armenian citizenship approved, becoming stateless. President Robert Kocharyan then gave in to pressure and issued a decree granting Armenian citizenship to him.
	Politician	Jus sanguinis	Republic of China	Born in Japan in 1971 to a Taiwanese father and an American mother, she did her secondary and tertiary education in the U.S., where she became involved with the Democratic Progressive Party. In 1996, she moved back to Taiwan to become the party's Director of International Affairs. She renounced citizenship in the early 2000s in order to take up legislative office in Taiwan.		s
	Director	Jus soli	Ireland	Nevada, Missouri-born film director, screenwriter, and actor. He emigrated to Ireland in 1952 in disgust over the activities of the House Committee on Un-American Activities, and renounced U.S. citizenship in 1964 to become an Irish citizen.			Too early
	Other	Jus soli	DenmarkDominican Republic	Hutton, a native of New York City, moved to Denmark in 1935 upon her marriage to Count Kurt von Haugwitz-Reventlow, and two years later renounced U.S. citizenship to take the Danish citizenship of her husband. Hutton lived in the U.S. again during her marriage to actor Cary Grant, which ended in 1945. In 1953 she became a citizen of the Dominican Republic through her marriage to her fifth husband Porfirio Rubirosa.			Too early
	Politician	Naturalized	Estonia	Born in Sweden to Estonian émigré parents, Ilves grew up in New Jersey and naturalized as a U.S. citizen. He emigrated to Estonia and renounced his U.S. citizenship shortly after Estonia regained its independence with the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and went on to become the President of Estonia.	s	s	Too early
	Businessman	Jus soli	Ireland	Ingram renounced his US citizenship after his bribery jail sentence was commuted by President Jimmy Carter. He became an Irish citizen.	?		Too early
	Politician	Jus soli	Guyana	Born Janet Rosenberg, a native of Chicago, she emigrated to Guyana in 1943 with her husband, Indo-Guyanese politician Cheddi Jagan. She renounced U.S. citizenship in 1947 and in 1997 became the sixth president of Guyana.			Too early
	Writer	Jus soli	United Kingdom	A native of New York City, James traveled frequently between Europe and the U.S. before settling in England in 1876, where he became famous for novels about Americans living abroad such as Daisy Miller and The Portrait of a Lady. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 1915 and became a British subject to protest U.S. neutrality in World War I.			Too early
	Diplomat	Naturalized	Afghanistan	Jawad, a native of the Republic of Afghanistan, fled the country in 1980 after the Soviet invasion, eventually ending up in the San Francisco Bay Area, where he naturalized as a U.S. citizen. In 2002, he responded to Hamid Karzai's call for help from the Afghan diaspora in rebuilding the country by moving back to Afghanistan and joining the new government. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 2003 in preparation for taking up a new post as Afghanistan's ambassador to the United States.
	Scholar	Naturalized	South Korea	url=http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=101&oid=001&aid=0004365545	title=프로필: 張榮植 한전 사장 내정자	trans-title=Profile: Jang Young-sik, nominee for KEPCO president	work=Yonhap News	date=1998-05-04	access-date=2013-10-17}}	s
	Politician	?	Saint Kitts and Nevis	Jeffers grew up on Nevis before coming to the U.S. to attend Broward College and Florida Atlantic University in Florida. In 2009, Saint Kitts and Nevis' new National Assembly Elections Act mandated that all candidates for elections swear at the time of their nomination that they lacked citizenship in any other country; Jeffers renounced his U.S. citizenship so he could stand in the January 2010 general election.	?
	Scientist	Naturalized	People's Republic of China	url=http://www.fudan.edu.cn/new_genview/now_jinli.htm	title=金力 (Jin Li)	publisher=Fudan University	access-date=2013-04-18	url-status=dead	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409061531/http://www.fudan.edu.cn/new_genview/now_jinli.htm	archive-date=April 9, 2013 }} He moved back to Shanghai at the urging of his former professor Tan Jiazhen in 2005, and then renounced U.S. citizenship to resume his original Chinese citizenship.
	Politician	Jus soli	United Kingdom	Johnson was born in New York City in 1964 to British parents, and the family returned to the United Kingdom in 1969. He was elected member of parliament in 2001 and mayor of London in 2008. In 2014, he unsuccessfully protested the imposition of capital gains tax by the United States on his home in London, and renounced U.S. citizenship in 2016 while becoming Foreign Secretary of the United Kingdom.	1969		Q4 2016
	Activist	Jus soli		Born in Greensboro, North Carolina, Jolley moved to Canada in 1967 to avoid being drafted after receiving a draft to serve in the Vietnam War and renounced U.S. citizenship. He returned to the U.S. later that year. A federal appeals court found Jolley to be removable, but Canada refused to re-admit Jolley as he was not a citizen and had lost his landed immigrant status there, and so he went on living in the U.S. as a stateless person. He died in Asheville, North Carolina in 2014.			Too early
	Politician	Jus soli	Israel	A native of Brooklyn, New York, Kahane emigrated to Israel in 1971, where he founded the political party Kach. He became a member of the Knesset on the Kach party list in the 1984 election. Renounced U.S. citizenship in September 1988, but expressed a desire to regain his U.S. citizenship just a month later, after his party was barred from the 1988 election.			Too early
	Diplomat	Naturalized	Latvia	A Latvian American and raised in the United States, after Latvia regained its independence in 1991, Kalniņš renounced his U.S. citizenship to become Latvia's ambassador in Washington in 1993. After his term as ambassador ended, he moved to Latvia to pursue a political career there, eventually becoming a member of the Saeima (parliament).			Too early
	PoliticianBusinessperson	Naturalized	Afghanistan	The brother of Afghan president Hamid Karzai, he naturalized as a U.S. citizen but then moved back to Afghanistan in 2001 to pursue business opportunities. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in January 2013 in order to launch his political career in Afghanistan; he did not specify what position he would seek, though he stated he would not be a candidate in the 2014 presidential election.
	Politician	?	Pakistan	A member of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf, she renounced U.S. citizenship in March 2013 to run in the Pakistani general election that year.	?
	Scholar	Jus soli	Japan	Born in 1922 in New York City, Keene served as a professor at Columbia University for over five decades. After his retirement, he moved to Japan in 2011 as a demonstration of his support for the country in the aftermath of the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. He obtained Japanese citizenship on March 8, 2012, which required him to relinquish his U.S. citizenship as a condition.
	Politician	Jus soli	Australia	Born in 1968 in Las Vegas, Nevada and raised in Whitehouse, Ohio, Keneally emigrated to Australia with her husband in 1994, and became a citizen there in 1999. She gave up U.S. citizenship to enter Australian politics, and went on to become 42nd Premier of New South Wales.
	Politician	Naturalized	Republic of China	Kuan, a native of Taipei, studied in California in the 1980s, and obtained a green card and then U.S. citizenship. He moved back to Taiwan in 1994. He retained his U.S. citizenship while serving on the board of directors of Taiwan's central bank in 2002–2003, but renounced it in late 2011 before being appointed Minister Without Portfolio in the Executive Yuan during President Ma Ying-jeou's second term the following year.
	Politician	Naturalized	Peru	Born in Peru in 1938, Kuczynski continued his higher education in the United Kingdom and the United States, where he later went into exile in 1969 due to political persecution. He remained in the United States working as an economist, and was naturalized in 1999. After returning to Peru in 2001, he was appointed Minister of Economy and Finance and later Prime Minister until 2006. He was a candidate for President of Peru in 2011. In 2015, he renounced his U.S. citizenship to demonstrate his commitment to Peru before running for president again in 2016, this time successfully.
	Other	Jus soli	Japan	Kurihara was born in Kauai, Hawaii in 1895 to Japanese immigrant parents. He was interned due to his ethnicity at Manzanar and then Tule Lake during World War II, and renounced U.S. citizenship under the Renunciation Act of 1944 in protest of the internment. After the end of World War II, he emigrated to Japan; he never sought to restore his U.S. citizenship, and lived in Tokyo until his death in 1965.			Too early
	Writer	Jus soli	Canada	Labarge was born in New York City in 1916. She married a Canadian whom she met while studying at St Anne's College, Oxford and moved to Canada with him in 1940. She later renounced U.S. citizenship to become a Canadian citizen in the belief that she should strive to become a full member of the society in which she lived rather than holding on to the country she left behind.		s or later	Too early
	DiplomatEconomist	Naturalized	Poland	Naturalized U.S. citizen born in Poland; renounced his citizenship in 1945 to take up a position as Poland's ambassador to the U.S., in a case believed to be the first of its kind in diplomatic history.	?		Too early
	Politician	Jus sanguinis	Australia	Langbroek was born in Belgium to a Dutch father and American mother, and grew up in Australia. He gave up U.S. citizenship in 2001, and went on to become a Member of the Queensland Parliament.	N/A
	ScholarPolitician	Naturalized	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	Lau, a native of Guizhou, attended secondary school in Hong Kong before moving to the U.S. in 1960 for further studies, and pursued his academic career there for four decades before returning to Hong Kong in 2004 to become Vice-Chancellor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He renounced U.S. citizenship in January 2009 after being nominated to the Executive Council of Hong Kong.
	Politician	?	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	url=http://the-sun.on.cc/cnt/news/20110210/00410_010.html	author=張美蘭	title=遺傳父善心和富最樂 (A father's legacy of kindness and joy)	work=The Sun	date=2011-02-10	access-date=2013-03-27}} She relinquished U.S. citizenship in 2010, and went on to a variety of political positions in Hong Kong, including membership of the 1200-person Election Committee which picked the Chief Executive in 2012.
	Politician	Naturalized	Republic of China	url = http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2009/01/09/191208/Diane-Lee.htm	archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090122225201/http://chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2009/01/09/191208/Diane-Lee.htm	url-status = dead	archive-date = January 22, 2009	title=Diane Lee resigns in citizenship row	work=China Post	date=2009-01-09	access-date=2012-05-11 }} She claims to have relinquished U.S. citizenship by taking up office in 1994; but did not file a request for determination of loss of nationality at the time, resulting in the later controversy.	s	or later
	Athlete	Jus soli	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	Born Jennifer Snow in Virginia, she moved to Hong Kong in 1994 with her husband, a Hong Kong native. She renounced U.S. citizenship in 2008 in order to naturalize as a Chinese citizen in Hong Kong so that she could represent Hong Kong at the 2008 Summer Olympics in equestrian; however, after she was naturalized, an injury to her horse forced her to withdraw from competition. She went on to represent Hong Kong at the 2010 Asian Games.
	Businessperson	Naturalized	Republic of China	A native of Taiwan, Lee moved to Tennessee at age 11, following his elder brother who already lived there, and later naturalized as a U.S. citizen. He moved to Beijing in 2005 to become Google China's first president, and in 2009 departed the company to found technology incubator Innovation Works. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 2011, and first discussed his renunciation publicly in an April 2013 post on Sina Weibo.
	Medicine	Jus soli	Ghana	url=https://www.csmonitor.com/1997/0807/080797.intl.intl.2.html	first=Jennifer	last=Ludden	title=Black American Couple Finds Home in Ghana	work=The Christian Science Monitor	date=1997-08-07	access-date=2012-11-03}} He naturalized as a Ghanaian citizen in 1963, renouncing his U.S. citizenship in the process. He remained in Ghana until his death in 2010.			Too early
	Scientist	Naturalized	Republic of China	Born in Taiwan, he naturalized as a U.S. citizen, and won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1986. He renounced U.S. citizenship after returning to Taiwan to take up a position with the Academia Sinica in 1994.
	Actor	Naturalized	Singapore	Beijing-born film actor and martial artist. He moved to Singapore in 2007 for his children's schooling. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 2009 to naturalize as a citizen of Singapore.	?
	Politician	Naturalized	Republic of China	A native of Tainan, Taiwan, Lin received a Doctorate of Public Health from Johns Hopkins University in the 1970s and remained in the U.S. until 1985. He renounced his citizenship in November 2011 to run as James Soong's VP on the People First Party ticket in the 2012 election.
	FilmmakerPhotographerWriter	Jus soli	Republic of China	Born Thomas Christopher Locke, he is a native of the southern United States. He first came to Taiwan in 1988 to study at Tunghai University, and in 1994 renounced his U.S. citizenship to naturalize there. He went on to become well-known in Taiwan for his photography, filmmaking, and his 2003 book about his experiences in the Republic of China Army, Counting Mantou.
	Politician	Jus soli	Israel	url=https://www.haaretz.com/blogs/routine-emergencies/yesh-atid-s-dov-lipman-to-relinquish-u-s-citizenship-to-serve-in-knesset.premium-1.495906	title=Yesh Atid's Dov Lipman to relinquish U.S. citizenship to serve in Knesset	work=Haaretz	date=January 23, 2013}}
	Actress	Jus soli	Stateless	A resident of California, Littlefeather voluntarily relinquished her U.S. citizenship, together with seven other activists, in protest of the U.S. government response to the occupation at Wounded Knee. As the State Department did not respond, it is unknown whether or not Littlefeather's renunciation was valid and binding.	N/A
	Musician	Naturalized	Republic of China	Lo is a native of Miaoli, Taiwan and a formerly naturalized U.S. citizen. He rose to fame as a singer-songwriter in Taiwan in the 1970s. In May 2004, he held a concert in which he decried Dana Rohrabacher and Jim Ryun's (calling on Taiwan to deploy troops in support of the American occupation of Iraq) and cut up his U.S. passport; the following week, he went to the para-consular American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) to renounce his U.S. citizenship.	?
	Activist	Jus soli	Ukraine	Born in New York City in 1961, Lozowy moved to Ukraine in 1991 to work for the People's Movement of Ukraine, and later founded the Institute for Statehood and Democracy. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 1997 in the process of obtaining Ukrainian citizenship. He states that he is proud of his Ukrainian citizenship, as it helps him to feel closer to the people of Ukraine and fight against "the anti-national activities of the government".
	Royalty	Jus sanguinis	Greece	Born 1968 in London, Marie-Chantal inherited U.S. citizenship from her father, DFS co-founder Robert Warren Miller. She spent her childhood in Hong Kong and Paris, and moved to the U.S. in 1992 to enroll at New York University and to be closer to her future husband, Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece, who was attending Georgetown University at the time. She withdrew from NYU to marry Pavlos in 1995, and then moved to London with him in 2002.
	Politician	Jus soli	Switzerland	Mauch was born in Iowa City, Iowa to Swiss parents, and returned to Switzerland with them in her early youth. She has lived in Zurich for over thirty years, and became a member of the City Council in the 1990s before being elected mayor in 2009.	s or 1960s	or 2013
	Engineer	Jus soli	United Kingdom	A native of Sangerville, Maine, Maxim began his career as an inventor in Massachusetts before emigrating to the United Kingdom in 1881 to pursue the development of what would eventually come to be known as the Maxim gun. He gave up his U.S. citizenship to naturalize as a British subject in 1900.			Too early
	Musician	Jus soli	United Kingdom	url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Jp5WAAAAIBAJ&sjid=DucDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4076,2069262&dq=jeremy-menuhin	title=Menuhin's son to make debut	work=The Sydney Morning Herald	date=1966-04-06	access-date=2013-03-01}} He pursued his musical career in both Europe and North America for some decades before relinquishing U.S. citizenship in 2003.	?
	Musician	Jus soli	SwitzerlandUnited Kingdom	url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/03/13/arts/sir-yehudi-menuhin-violinist-conductor-and-supporter-of-charities-is-dead-at-82.html	first=Allan	last=Kozinn	title=Sir Yehudi Menuhin, Violinist, Conductor and Supporter of Charities, is Dead at 82	work=The New York Times	date=1999-03-13	access-date=2012-07-17}} He obtained honorary Swiss citizenship in 1970, and British citizenship in 1985, in both cases without relinquishing U.S. citizenship. However, he renounced U.S. citizenship in 1994, and died five years later in Germany.	?
	Other	Jus soli	South Korea	Miller, a native of Pittston, Pennsylvania, first came to Korea in 1945 with the United States Navy, and naturalized as a South Korean citizen in 1979. The founder of South Korea's first privately established botanical garden, he lived in the country until his death in 2002.			Too early
	Musician	Jus soli	Japan	Mina Myoi, known mononymously as Mina, a member of South Korean idol group Twice, was born in San Antonio, Texas, to Japanese parents. She moved to Japan as a toddler and relinquished her US citizenship in order to satisfy Japan's requirement that dual citizens by birth must choose a nationality before the age of 22.	early s	or earlier
	Politician	Jus soli	British Overseas Territories (Turks and Caicos Islands)	url=http://www.rtc107fm.com/component/content/article/38-tci-elections/pnp/5957-akierra-missick.html	title=Election 2012: Akierra Missick	work=Radio Turks and Caicos 107 FM	date=2012-08-11	access-date=2012-10-30	archive-url=https://archive.today/20130201144907/http://www.rtc107fm.com/component/content/article/38-tci-elections/pnp/5957-akierra-missick.html	archive-date=February 1, 2013	url-status=dead}} After her graduation, she moved back to the Turks and Caicos Islands, where she became a member of the Progressive National Party. She renounced her U.S. citizenship on October 17, 2012, to be eligible to run in the 2012 general election.	s
	Politician	Naturalized	Grenada	Mitchell was born in Grenada, West Indies. He naturalized as a U.S. citizen in January 1984. A member of the New National Party, he became the Prime Minister of Grenada in 1995. The U.S. State Department made a determination in 2001 that Mitchell had relinquished his U.S. citizenship by becoming PM in 1995.	?
	Financier	Jus soli	Germany	Mobius was born in Hempstead, New York to German and Puerto Rican parents. He went on to a career as an investor and emerging markets fund manager, moving to Hong Kong in 1969 to establish Mobius Incorporated. Mobius was entitled to German citizenship by descent; he renounced his U.S. citizenship and became a German citizen.		or earlier
	Diplomat	Jus soli	Colombia	Moreno was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to a Colombian father attending medical school at the University of Pennsylvania. He did his early education in Colombia before coming to the U.S. for further studies. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 1998 after President Andrés Pastrana Arango named him Colombia's ambassador to Washington.	s
	PoliticianBusinessperson	Naturalized	South Korea	Nam was born in Uiseong, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea in 1954. He moved to Southern California in 1982, where he worked in real estate and also served in Korean American community organizations. He moved back to South Korea and gave up his U.S. citizenship in 2011 to pursue political ambitions with South Korea's Grand National Party (now Saenuri Party).
	Other	Jus soli	Italy	Negrini, a native of Chicago, fell in love with a Roman Catholic priest and moved to his native Italy to be with him in 1951. She renounced U.S. citizenship in order to avoid deportation, and obtained an official declaration of statelessness from a Milan court. The priest was laicized to marry her; the two were excommunicated. Under Italian nationality law, she became an Italian citizen through the marriage. The two later tried to move to California at the invitation of an organisation there, but this was thwarted by Negrini's renunciation of U.S. citizenship, and they settled in Chihuahua, Mexico instead.			Too early
	Financier	Jus soli	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	url=https://www.scmp.com/business/banking-finance/article/1216594/american-banker-now-proud-be-chinese-national	first=George	last=Chen	title=American banker, now proud to be a Chinese national	work=South China Morning Post	date=2013-04-17	access-date=2013-04-17}}
	Activist	Jus soli		Princeton, New Jersey native who served as an ambulance driver in World War II. Concerned by a "climax of nationalism" in the U.S., he renounced his citizenship while working in France in 1948 and moved to Allied-occupied Germany, where he took a job as a construction worker and lived on German rations. Fellow renunciant Garry Davis would later mention Noel's actions as inspiration for his own renunciation.	s		Too early
	Royalty	Jus soli	Jordan	Born Lisa Halaby in Washington, D.C. in 1951, she became a Jordanian citizen upon her marriage to King Hussein of Jordan in 1978. She claims she automatically lost U.S. citizenship by obtaining Jordanian citizenship, but that she did not renounce it.			Too early
	Musician	Jus soli	France	url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2211&dat=19420609&id=Ip4lAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4_QFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6822,2707245	title=Philly Man Serving in Canadian Army	work=The Afro American	date=1942-06-09	access-date=2013-03-25}} He returned to the United States briefly when he transferred to the U.S. Army, but was quickly shipped off to Europe, just in time to see service during the Normandy landings. After World War II ended, he settled in France and began a career as a jazz singer at Paris nightclubs, one of numerous African Americans in France who pursued similar paths. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 1950 after becoming a French citizen.			Too early
	Politician	?	Ghana	Okaikoi, a former Ghana Army captain, renounced his U.S. citizenship in August 2012 in order to run in the 2012 Ghanaian parliamentary election as a candidate for the Odododiodio constituency of the Accra Metropolis District.	?
	Other	Jus soli	GreeceArgentina	Onassis was born in New York City in 1950 to businessman Aristotle Onassis, a Greek and Argentine citizen. She grew up in France and Greece. After her father's death in 1975, she renounced U.S. citizenship and donated the American portion of her holdings in her father's company to the American Hospital of Paris.	s		Too early
	Politician	Jus soli	Japan	Kimi Onoda was born in Chicago, Illinois, to an American father and a Japanese mother, and moved to Japan as a child. Controversy arose in Japan because she mistakenly had not properly renounced U.S. citizenship at the time of her election to the House of Councillors in 2016. Onoda apologized for her mistake and officially renounced her citizenship through the U.S. government in 2017.	1983	2017	No
	Other	Jus soli	United Kingdom	Daughter of American playwright Eugene O'Neill. Emigrated from the U.S. to the United Kingdom in 1952 to join her husband Charlie Chaplin after he was accused of "Communist sympathies" and denied re-entry to the U.S. that year; renounced U.S. citizenship to become a British subject in 1954.			Too early
	DiplomatHistorian	Jus soli	Israel	Oren was born in New York City in 1955 and raised in New Jersey. He emigrated to Israel in 1979, where he went on to become a historian, military officer and diplomat. He relinquished his U.S. citizenship in May 2009 upon taking up his new position as Israel's ambassador to the United States.
	Politician	Naturalized	Armenia	Oskanian was born in Syria in 1955, and graduated from the Yerevan Polytechnic Institute in 1979 before moving to Massachusetts to study at Tufts University. He went on to become the editor of an Armenian American newspaper in Los Angeles, but by 1992 had moved back to Armenia to join the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He gave up U.S. citizenship in 1998 to become head of that ministry under Prime Minister Robert Kocharyan's administration.	or earlier
	Politician	Naturalized	Greece	A naturalized U.S. citizen, he renounced in 1964 to run in the 1964 Greek legislative election, and went on to become the Prime Minister of Greece.	?		Too early
	Scientist	Naturalized	South Korea	Park came to the U.S. in 1966 to pursue graduate studies at the University of Rochester. He moved back to his native South Korea in 1986, and renounced U.S. citizenship in 1996 when he joined South Korea's Food and Drug Administration.
	Other	Jus soli	Greece	The son of a Greek immigrant, Perdicaris was born and raised in South Carolina. With the onset of the American Civil War, he moved to Athens, Greece and registered himself as a Greek subject so that he would not have to serve in the Confederate States Army. He later lived in England, Germany, and Morocco.			Too early
	Politician	Jus sanguinis	The Bahamas	Bahamian politician; renounced U.S. citizenship derived at birth from his American mother in February 2010.	?
	Politician	Jus soli	Bulgaria	Born in New York City to immigrant parents in 1948, but left the country with them for Bulgaria when they were expelled in 1953; renounced U.S. citizenship in 1974, although political opponents have questioned the validity of his renunciation.			Too early
	Politician	Naturalized	India	Pitroda moved to the U.S. in 1964 for graduate studies at the Illinois Institute of Technology. He moved back to India in 1981 and later renounced U.S. citizenship to take up a position in Rajiv Gandhi's government as a science adviser.			Too early
	Politician	Naturalized	Philippines	The adopted daughter of actors Fernando Poe, Jr. and Susan Roces, Poe moved to the U.S. to study at Boston College. After living in the U.S. for some time, she moved back to the Philippines in 2004, and renounced U.S. citizenship prior to becoming chairwoman of the Movie and Television Review and Classification Board in 2010. She was later elected to the Senate of the Philippines.
	Politician	Naturalized	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	Poon, a native of Hangzhou, immigrated to Hong Kong after her middle school graduation. She moved to the U.S. in 1989 for further studies, and naturalized as a citizen there before returning to Hong Kong in 1997. She was appointed Undersecretary for the Environment Bureau under the Political Appointments System in May 2008. Though the Hong Kong Basic Law does not forbid undersecretaries to hold foreign passports, she renounced her U.S. citizenship the following month in order to avoid public controversy.
	Scientist	Naturalized	People's Republic of China	Born in 1962 in Jiangxi, Rao came to the U.S. in 1985 for graduate studies at the UC San Francisco, and later naturalized as a U.S. citizen. He moved back to China in 2007 to become dean of Peking University's School of Life Sciences, and renounced his U.S. citizenship in 2009.
	Athlete	Jus soli	Japan	Reed was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan to an American father and Japanese mother, a dual national at birth. Japanese nationality law requires those born dual citizens to renounce one citizenship or the other by age 22; Reed chose Japanese citizenship to continue representing Japan in ice dancing.	?
	Other	Jus soli	Austria	Born in Worcester, Massachusetts in 1944 to an Austrian immigrant father, Rich rose to fame in the U.S. as a songwriter and socialite. In 2011, she moved to London and renounced U.S. citizenship to be closer to her husband and family, according to her lawyer. She is listed in the Federal Register under her maiden name Denise Eisenberg.	?
	Activist	Jus soli		Roberts, a privacy activist was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He moved to Latin America in 2002. In June 2013, he renounced his U.S. citizenship at the U.S. Consulate in Asuncion, Paraguay, and became stateless.
	Politician	?	Saint Kitts and Nevis	Richards renounced U.S. citizenship in 2009, during the debate on the National Assembly Elections (Amendment) bill which would bar dual citizens from standing for election.	?
	Politician	Naturalized	Jamaica	Born in Jamaica, Robinson lived in the U.S. intermittently from 1978 to 2001. She naturalized as a U.S. citizen in 2006, while a sitting member of the Parliament of Jamaica. In 2010, she was removed from her seat by court order, but then renounced her U.S. citizenship and won her seat back in a by-election. She is listed in the Federal Register under her maiden name Shahine Fakhourie.
	EngineerBusinessperson	?	Thailand	Roengpithya was born in Bangkok, and studied there and in London before coming to the U.S. in the late 1960s, where he worked in integrated circuit design. He returned to Thailand when his mother fell ill, and chose to make his return permanent. He founded the Asian University of Thailand in Chonburi Province in 1993. According to State Department records, he relinquished his U.S. citizenship the following year.	?
	Athlete	Jus soli	South Korea	url=http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?bicode=070000&biid=2007010621078	title=Korea's Next Hoops Star in Making	work=The Dong-A Ilbo	date=2007-01-06	access-date=2013-05-09	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212211827/http://english.donga.com/srv/service.php3?bicode=070000&biid=2007010621078	archive-date=December 12, 2013	url-status=dead}} His elder brother Eric Sandrin followed him to South Korea and, in 2009, also naturalized as a South Korean citizen.
	Athlete	Jus soli	South Korea	url=http://seattletimes.com/html/nba/2002194117_kell02.html	first=Steve	last=Kelley	title=Shanghaied by Globetrotters	work=The Seattle Times	date=2005-03-02	access-date=2012-12-21	url-status=dead	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309084622/http://seattletimes.com/html/nba/2002194117_kell02.html	archive-date=March 9, 2014 }} His basketball career took him all over the world, including to teams in Luxembourg, Brazil, and Singapore. He eventually followed his younger brother to South Korea, and naturalized as a citizen there in 2009 so he could represent his new country at the Asian Games the following year.	s
	Businessperson	Naturalized	Brazil	A native of Brazil, Saverin moved to the U.S. as a child in 1992 and became a U.S. citizen in 1998. While attending Harvard University, he played a role in the founding of Facebook. He moved to Singapore in 2009, and renounced his U.S. citizenship in September 2011.
	Politician	Naturalized	Belize	Born in Guatemala, Schakron became a naturalized U.S. citizen at age 15 along with her parents, thus holding dual citizenship, but later returned to her parents' native Belize. She renounced her U.S. citizenship in February 2012 in order to run as a People's United Party legislative candidate in the election the following month.	?
	Politician	Jus soli	Jamaica	Seaga was born in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1930 to Jamaican parents of Lebanese background, but grew up in Kingston. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in the 1950s to demonstrate his loyalty to Jamaica, and went on to become Prime Minister in 1980.	s	s	Too early
	Diplomat	Naturalized	Afghanistan	A native of Afghanistan, Shahryar received a scholarship to study chemistry in the U.S. in 1956, and remained in the U.S. after his graduation to work on solar energy projects with NASA. He later naturalized as a U.S. citizen. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 2002 when Hamid Karzai appointed him Afghanistan's new ambassador to the United States.
	Writer	Jus soli	People's Republic of China	Born in Brooklyn, New York in 1915, Shapiro moved to China in 1947, where he worked for the Foreign Languages Press as a translator of Chinese literature. He gave up his U.S. citizenship to become a Chinese citizen in 1963.			Too early
	Athlete	Jus soli	Venezuela	Shepherd was born in La Grange, North Carolina, and played basketball for Delaware State. After graduating, he moved to Venezuela to continue his sports career in the Liga Profesional de Baloncesto. He naturalized as a Venezuelan citizen and gave up U.S. citizenship in 1986 to join the Venezuela national basketball team, as a member of which he represented the country at the 1992 Tournament of the Americas and the 1992 Summer Olympics.	1970s		Too early
	Scientist	Naturalized	People's Republic of China	Shi, a graduate of Tsinghua University in Beijing, went to U.S. for his Ph.D studies at Johns Hopkins University in the 1990s, and naturalized as a U.S. citizen. In 2003, he took up a professorial position at Tsinghua. In 2008, he moved back to China full-time, and the following year became Dean of Tsinghua's School of Life Sciences. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in 2011.
	Politician	Jus soli	Vanuatu	url=http://www.vanuatunews.com/vanuatu-news/670-naturalised-american-born-to-contest-next-elections-on-epi	first=Hilaire	last=Bule	title=Naturalised American born to contest next elections on Epi	work=Vanuatu & Region News * Sport	date=2011-05-11	access-date=2013-12-08	url-status=dead	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214190334/http://www.vanuatunews.com/vanuatu-news/670-naturalised-american-born-to-contest-next-elections-on-epi	archive-date=December 14, 2013 }} He went on to become the first naturalized member of the Parliament of Vanuatu in the 2012 elections.
	Scholar	Naturalized	South Korea	Song was born in Daejeon in 1936, and came to the U.S. in 1960 to study at Washington University in St. Louis. He received U.S. permanent residence in 1970 and naturalized as a U.S. citizen, but returned to South Korea to take up a professorship at his alma mater Yonsei University in 1977. He gave up U.S. citizenship in 1984, and would go on to become chancellor of Yonsei University in 1994 and Minister of Education in 2000.	s		Too early
	Writer	Jus soli	United Kingdom	Stcherbatcheff is a Chicago-born writer and best-selling author. She moved to London after graduating from university and naturalized as a British citizen. She renounced her US citizenship in 2014.
	Politician	?	Jamaica	url=http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20090813/lead/lead1.html	title=No contest - Supreme Court orders by-election, PNP opts out of September 4 polls	work=The Jamaica Gleaner	date=2009-08-13	access-date=2012-11-05	url-status=dead	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104002038/http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20090813/lead/lead1.html	archive-date=November 4, 2012 }}	?
	Athlete	Jus soli	Japan	last1=Adams	first1=Andrew	last2=Shilling	first2=Mark	title=Jesse: Sumo Superstar	publisher=Japan Times	year=1985	isbn=4-7890-0272-1}} He naturalized as a Japanese citizen and then relinquished his U.S. citizenship in 1976 when the Japan Sumo Association instituted a new requirement that only Japanese citizens could be promoted to the rank of toshiyori (sumo elder) and run their own stables.			Too early
	Financier	Jus soli	United Kingdom
The Bahamas	url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/jul/10/usa	first=Martin	last=Adeney	title=Obituary: Sir John Templeton, investment guru and philanthropist who endowed an Oxford college	work=The Guardian	date=2008-07-10	access-date=2013-07-17}} He renounced his U.S. citizenship in 1968 to become a Citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies, also later acquiring Bahamian citizenship after the territory became an independent country. Templeton's renunciation had significant tax benefits, though he stated his emigration was motivated by the desire to get away from the pressures of Wall Street in order to improve his investment decision-making process. He lived in the Bahamas until his death in 2008.			Too early
	DiplomatScholar	Naturalized	Republic of China	url=http://www.businessweekly.com.tw/KArticle.aspx?id=4284&path=e	title=雙重國籍擋住田弘茂的入閣之路——田弘茂向李登輝說了兩次「不」	trans-title=Dual citizenship blocked Tian Hung-mao's path to the Cabinet — Tian Hung Mao said "no" to Lee Teng-hui twice	work=Business Weekly	date=2003-12-16	access-date=2014-02-26}} He later became Taiwan's representative to the United Kingdom.	1990s
	PoliticianActivist	Naturalized	Republic of China	Tsay, a native of Kaohsiung, came to the United States in 1978 to pursue a Ph.D. at Cornell University. Taiwan's government blacklisted him due to his support for the Tangwai movement, leaving him unable to return home, so he remained in New York State and naturalized as a U.S. citizen. After the end of martial law in Taiwan, he moved back to the island in 1990, and renounced U.S. citizenship in 2002 to become vice-chairman of Taiwan's Environmental Protection Administration.
	Businessperson	Jus soli	Costa Rica	Tupper was born in Berlin, New Hampshire, and founded the Tupperware company in 1938. In 1958, shortly after selling his company and divorcing his wife, he bought an island off Costa Rica and renounced his U.S. citizenship to avoid taxes.	?		Too early
	Musician	Jus soli	Switzerland	Turner was born in 1939 in Nutbush, Tennessee, and rose to international fame as a singer. She began dating German music executive Erwin Bach in 1985, and moved to Zürich with him in 1994. Her application for Swiss citizenship was approved in April 2013, and she confirmed her relinquishment of U.S. citizenship to the U.S. Embassy in Bern in October 2013.
	EngineerRestaurateur	Jus soli	Singapore	Born in Detroit, Utchenik's work in petroleum engineering brought him to Asia in 1991. He settled in Singapore five years later, where he founded the American-style food chain Botak Jones in 2003. He naturalized as a Singaporean citizen in August 2009.
	Politician	Jus sanguinis	Jamaica	Born in Jamaica to a Puerto Rican mother, Vaz was elected to the Parliament of Jamaica while still holding U.S. citizenship, which he formally renounced in 2008 after a challenge to his eligibility.	?
	Businessperson	Jus soli	Saint Kitts and Nevis	Ver moved to Tokyo, Japan in 2005. He used money he earned from Bitcoin investments to purchase property in Saint Kitts and Nevis and become a citizen of the country through its economic citizenship program, and then gave up U.S. citizenship in March 2014.
	Politician	?	Jamaica	Walker grew up in Kingston, Jamaica, and served as Jamaica's Director of Elections and Commissioner of Customs. He renounced his U.S. citizenship to run as a Jamaica Labour Party candidate in the 2011 election.	?
	Politician	Naturalized	United Kingdom	A native of England, Wallop moved to Sheridan, Wyoming, became a rancher, and naturalized as a U.S. citizen in 1891. His four elder brothers all died without male heirs, the last in 1922, so he returned to the United Kingdom in 1925 to take up his title. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in 1933 to take his seat in the House of Lords.			Too early
	Politician	?	Jamaica	url=http://www.jamaicaelections.com/general/2011/info/constituency.php?constituencyid=54	title=Constituency: St. Catherine South Western	work=Jamaica Gleaner	access-date=2013-02-19}} He joined the Jamaica Labour Party and was first elected to the Parliament of Jamaica in the 2002 elections. In 2011 it came to light that he had been a dual citizen at the time of his nomination and was thus ineligible to sit in Parliament. Warmington had already renounced his U.S. citizenship by that point; he resigned from his seat and was returned unopposed in a by-election.	?
	Politician	Jus soli	Jamaica	url=http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20110704/news/news1.html	title=Hay-Webster's Muzzled Defence	periodical=Jamaica Gleaner	date=4 July 2011	access-date=2011-07-05}} She was elected to Parliament in 1997. In 2008, the dual nationality of a number of Jamaican politicians became a public issue; Webster eventually announced in 2009 that she would renounce U.S. citizenship, but the 2010–2011 U.S. diplomatic cables leak revealed she had not. Later that year, Webster carried out her renunciation, receiving a Certificate of Loss of Nationality on October 27, 2011.
	Businessperson	?	Saint Kitts and Nevis	Founder of USANA Health Sciences.	?	or earlier
	Activist	Jus soli	United Kingdom	New York City-born social activist; moved to the United Kingdom and then renounced U.S. citizenship in 1935.	?		Too early
	ActivistBusinessperson	Jus soli	None	A Denver-area real estate businessman frustrated by fruitless efforts to draw attention to alleged corruption and malfeasance by the Resolution Trust Corporation in the aftermath of the 1980s savings and loan crisis, Wilfred emigrated to Canada and then New Zealand, where he renounced his U.S. citizenship in 2005. He has applied for New Zealand citizenship, but continues to face immigration difficulties in his new country of residence.	s
	Writer	Jus soli	United Kingdom	url=http://www.tribunemagazine.org/2014/06/the-spies-who-couldnt-come-in-from-the-cold/	first=Dennis	last=MacShane	title=The spies who couldn't come in from the cold	work=Tribune	date=4 June 2014	access-date=2014-07-13	archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714140615/http://www.tribunemagazine.org/2014/06/the-spies-who-couldnt-come-in-from-the-cold/	archive-date=July 14, 2014	url-status=dead}}	1970s		Too early
	Activist	Jus soli	Republic of China	Born in the U.S. in 1954, Winkler emigrated to Taiwan in 1977. He renounced U.S. citizenship to naturalize as a Republic of China citizen in 2003. A lawyer and environmental activist, he is involved with the Green Party Taiwan, though due to constitutional limitations he is not eligible to run as a legislative candidate until 10 years after naturalizing.
	Spy	Jus soli	Soviet Union	Born in New York City, Wovschin worked for the U.S. government in the Office of War Information and later the Department of State, and began spying for the Soviet Union. She married an employee of Soviet trading firm Amtorg, moved to Russia with him after World War II, and gave up U.S. citizenship to become a Soviet citizen. She is believed to have died in North Korea during the Korean War.	or later	or later	Too early
	ActivistPolitician	Jus soli	Canada	A native of Lacey, Washington, Wright became involved with opposition to the Vietnam War in the mid-1960s; his activities with Students for a Democratic Society caused the U.S. State Department to revoke his passport. He emigrated to Canada in 1968, renounced his U.S. citizenship, and became a Canadian citizen in 1974. He would go on to become mayor of New Denver, British Columbia.			Too early
	Businessperson	?	Republic of ChinaPeople's Republic of China(Hong Kong)	Yang was born in Taiwan. He graduated from the California Institute of Technology in 1977 and worked for a few years in the U.S. before moving to Hong Kong in 1983. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in May 2012 in preparation for taking up a position as the head of the Hong Kong government's newly created Technology and Communications Bureau.
	ScholarDiplomat	Naturalized	South Korea	url=http://www.pressian.com/article/article.asp?article_num=40071227162854	title=박인규의 집중인터뷰: 고려대 국제대학원 양성철 교수	trans-title=Bak In-gyu interview: Korea University professor Yang Sung-chul	work=Pressian	date=2007-12-27	access-date=2013-10-17}} He came to the U.S. in 1965 to study for a master's degree at the University of Hawaii at Manoa's East–West Center. He naturalized as a U.S. citizen in 1977, but returned to South Korea in 1986 and gave up U.S. citizenship to resume his South Korean citizenship in 1989. He went on to become a member of the National Assembly in 1996 and South Korea's ambassador to the U.S. from 2000 to 2003.			Too early
	Actor	Naturalized	People's Republic of China (Hong Kong)	Yen was born in Taishan, Guangdong in 1963, migrated to Hong Kong with his family at age 2, and then moved to Boston, Massachusetts at age 10, where he spent his teenage years. He returned to Hong Kong in 1983 to pursue a career as a movie actor. He renounced U.S. citizenship in 2009.
	Actor	Jus soli	South Korea	url=http://article.joinsmsn.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=5127975&ctg=1502	title=유건, 오늘(2일) 미국시민권 포기 현역 군입대 (Yu Geon today gave up U.S. citizenship and enlisted in the army)	work=JoongAng Ilbo	date=2011-03-02	access-date=2013-02-25	url-status=usurped	archive-url=https://archive.today/20130411052945/http://article.joinsmsn.com/news/article/article.asp?total_id=5127975&ctg=1502	archive-date=April 11, 2013	df=mdy-all}}	s
	Musician	Naturalized	South Korea	Yoon, a native of South Korea, followed his family to the U.S. when they emigrated there in the 1980s. He returned to South Korea in the 1990s to pursue an entertainment industry career, eventually becoming a member of rock band MC the Max in 1999. He gave up U.S. citizenship in 2009 to serve in the Republic of Korea Army.	s
	ActorPolitician	?	People's Republic of China(Hong Kong)	Yuen was born in Hong Kong. She renounced U.S. citizenship in 2012 in order to run in the Legislative Council election in September that year.	?
	Politician	Jus soli	Ukraine	Born Katherine Clare Chumachenko in Chicago in a Ukrainian immigrant family. The wife of the former President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko, she became a Ukrainian citizen in March 2005.
	BusinesspersonPolitician	Naturalized	People's Republic of China	A native of Hangzhou, Zong is the daughter of Hangzhou Wahaha Group founder Zong Qinghou. She attended high school and university in the United States. She naturalized as a U.S. citizen and lived in San Marino, California with her mother Shi Youzhen. However, in 2007 she returned to China and began the procedures to renounce U.S. citizenship and restore her Chinese citizenship.
	Other	Jus soli	Italy	url=http://www.historynet.com/axis-sally.htm/1	title=Axis Sally: The Americans Behind That Alluring Voice	work=HistoryNet	date=23 November 2009}}			Too early
	Politician	Jus soli	Ukraine	Born in Yonkers, New York to Ukrainian immigrant parents, Zvarych moved to Ukraine in 1991. He co-founded the Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists there in 1992. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in 1995 in order to naturalize as a Ukrainian citizen. He went on to become Minister of Justice under Viktor Yushchenko.
	Diplomat	Naturalized	Hungary	Born in Hungary in 1927, Zwack came to the U.S. with his family in 1948. He returned to Hungary in 1988. After the end of Communist rule, he was named Hungarian ambassador to the United States. He renounced his U.S. citizenship in 1990 to take up that post.			Too early
	Athlete	Jus soli	People's Republic of China	Born in Westwood, California in 2002, and renounced her U.S. citizenship in 2018 to compete at the Olympics for China, which doesn't allow dual citizenship.			No
	Scientist	Naturalized	People's Republic of China	Renounced his U.S. citizenship in late 2015.	?

Relinquished and then regained citizenship

Occupation	U.S. citizenship	Other citizenships	Description	Year emigrated	Year relinquished	Federal Register
Businessperson	Jus soli	Kingdom of Hawaii	url= http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82016413/1906-02-05/ed-1/seq-7/	title=Col. W. F. Allen After Long Illness Died Last Night	work=Honolulu Evening Bulletin	date=1906-02-05	access-date= 2013-08-13}} He renounced U.S. citizenship to become a subject of the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1860. After the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii, Allen served in the government of the new Republic of Hawaii, promoting the annexation of the country by the United States in 1898. He died in 1906.	Too early
Royalty	Jus soli	Sikkim	Cooke, a native of San Francisco, met Crown Prince of Sikkim Palden Thondup Namgyal while in Darjeeling in 1959, and became engaged to him in 1961. She renounced citizenship on March 25, 1963, five days after their wedding, as required by Sikkim's law and to demonstrate to the people of her new home that she was not "an American arm in the Himalayas". After her husband was deposed, she returned to the U.S. with her children and lobbied Congress for the restoration of her citizenship, but a 1976 private bill to this end faced objections from the Senate and had to be watered down to grant her only a green card. By 1981, she had regained U.S. citizenship.	s		Too early
Writer	Jus soli	Japan	Kashiwagi was born in Sacramento, California to Japanese immigrant parents. Interned due to his ethnicity along with his family during World War II, he renounced U.S. citizenship under the Renunciation Act of 1944, stating "My position was this — why was I, an American citizen, thrown in prison without cause, without due process? Why were they questioning my loyalty?" He regained citizenship in 1959 through the efforts of civil rights lawyer Wayne M. Collins.	N/A		Too early
Activist	Jus soli	Puerto Rico	Mari Brás, a native of Puerto Rico and an advocate for its independence, renounced U.S. citizenship in Venezuela in 1994 and received a Certificate of Loss of Nationality; he then returned to Puerto Rico. The Supreme Court of Puerto Rico held in 1997 that he still had the right to vote in elections there. However, in 1998, the State Department reversed its earlier recognition of Mari Brás' renunciation, and stated that he remained a U.S. citizen.	N/A		No
Activist	Jus soli		Waterloo, Iowa native who renounced U.S. citizenship in 1987 in Perth, Australia in protest over the foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration, in particular the 1986 bombing of Libya.	N/A		Too early
Actress	Jus sanguinis	United Kingdom	Taylor was born in London to American parents in 1932. In October 1965, she signed an oath of renunciation at the U.S. Embassy in Paris, but with the phrase "abjure all allegiance and fidelity to the United States" struck out. State Department officials declared that her renunciation was invalid due to the alteration. Taylor signed another oath without the alteration in October 1966. She applied for U.S. citizenship again in 1977 during then-husband John Warner's Senate campaign.	?		Too early

Explanatory notes

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The law in question was {{USBill. 94. HR. 6855 and {{USBill. 94. S. 1699, passed as {{USStat. 90. 2976.
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